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Evaluating germinability of eight desert halophytes under long-term seed storage: Implications for conservation

Plant Diversity 2019年第4期41卷 229-236页

作者： Sanjay Gairola Hatem A. Shabana Tamer Mahmoud Ali El-Keblawy Andrea Santo Sharjah Seed Bank and Herbarium Sharjah Research AcademyP.O.Box 60999SharjahUnited Arab Emirates Department of Applied Biology College of SciencesUniversity of SharjahP.O.Box 27272SharjahUnited Arab Emirates Independent Researcher SelargiusCagliariItaly

Ex situ conservation in seed banks is a potential complementary conservation strategy for native plant species.It is well established that ex situ seed banking of native wild plants prolongs seed viability and thereby preserves genetic and species diversity for future use.We evaluated ex situ storage potential of eight halophytic species from deserts in the United Arab Emirates(UAE)by studying seed germination.Specifically,we examined the germinability of freshly collected seeds and seeds stored for three years in a seed bank.We also examined the effect of light conditions on fresh and stored seed germination.Fresh seeds of seven of the eight species tested had a higher germination rates under 12/12 h light/dark fluctuations than did those exposed to total darkness.Storage reduced light sensitivity in Halocnemum strobilaceum,Suaeda aegyptiaca,Salsola drummondii and Salsola imbricata,but increased the requirement for light in Arthrocnemum macrostachyum.In Anabasis setifera,storage decreased germination percentage when there was a 12-hour light/dark fluctuation,but increased germination rate when exposed to the dark treatment.Storage significantly reduced germination in both the light/dark and dark treatments in Suaeda vermiculata and S.aegyptiaca.Germination speed also responded differently to storage;whereas Timson's index significantly increased in A.macrostachyum and H.strobilaceum,it significantly decreased for S.drummondii,S.aegyptiaca and S.vermiculata.Germination of these species at a range of temperatures requires further testing;additionally,we strongly suggest that these laboratory findings be complemented by field studies.

关键词： Ex situ conservation Halophytes Seed bank collection Seed germination Salt tolerance SSBH

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Influence of aerial seed banks on germination response in three desert plant species

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第6期10卷 994-1000页

作者： Arvind Bhatt Prakash Chandra Phondani Shyam S.Phartyal Andrea Santo David Gallacher Gulf Organization for Research and Development Qatar Science and Technology ParkP.O.Box 210162DohaQatar Institute of Botany University of Regensburg Universitätsstr 3193053 RegensburgGermany Centro Conservazione Biodiversità(CCB) Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente(DISVA)Universitàdegli Studi di Cagliariviale S.Ignazio da Laconi 13CagliariItaly Department of Interdisciplinary Studies Zayed UniversityP.O.Box 19282Al RuwayyahDubaiUnited Arab Emirates Department of Forestry and Natural Resources H.N.B.Garhwal UniversitySrinagar-GarhwalIndia

Aims To determine if the germination response of desert plant species to a period of aerial storage in field conditions(i.***.mature seeds that remain attached to the parent plant)is comparable to seeds harvested at maturity and stored in ambient laboratory conditions,to better understand the role of aerial seed bank in the germina-tion ecology of desert plants,using one annual and two perennial species.Methods Seeds of three desert plants(Anastatica hierochuntica,Blepharis ciliaris and Scrophularia deserti)that matured in June 2014,were collected from wild plants in June and November 2014,and ger-minated under two photoperiods(0,12 hours light)and three ther-moperiods(night/day temperatures of 15/25,20/30 and 25/35°c).Important Findings Seeds of B.ciliaris and S.deserti had significantly higher germination percentages when harvested and stored for five months,compared to being stored in the aerial seed bank.Germination percentages of these two species increased with decreasing temperature and in the presence of light.These results indicate that these species use a com-bination of aerial and soil seed banks to maintain a percentage of viable seeds through favourable germination periods.Germination percentages of A.hierochuntica were high under all tested circum-stances,indicating that this species relies mainly on the aerial seed bank to maintain a percentage of viable seeds through favourable germination periods.This study shows that the population survival strategies of an aerial seed bank are species-specific.These results have practical implications for conservation and habitat restoration for these species,and also for their propagation since early collec-tion of mature fruits and ex situ storage will result in greater germi-nation percentages of some species.

关键词： Arabian Gulf desert climate light seed germination temperature

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Eco-physiological studies on desert plants: germination of Halothamnus iraqensis Botsch. seeds under different conditions

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Journal of Arid Land 2019年第1期11卷 75-85页

作者： Arvind BHATT Narayana R BHAT Valentina MURRU Andrea Santo Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research University of Cagliari Independent Researcher

With the aim to investigate if the halophyte Halothamnus iraqensis Botsch. can be suitable for re-vegetation and remediation of salt-affected lands, this study evaluated(1) the effects of photoperiod, thermoperiod, storage period and wings' presence on its seed germination, and(2) the ability of its seeds to have successful germination recovery after salt stress. Germination tests in different photoperiods(12 h light/12 h darkness and total darkness) and thermoperiods(15℃/20℃ and 20℃/25℃) were conducted for seeds collected in 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016. The seeds collected in 2016 were sown under different salinity levels(0, 100, 200, 400 and 600 m M Na Cl) to assess the salinity tolerance during the germination. Wings' presence highly inhibited seed germination of this species in both photoperiods and thermoperiods under all salinity level treatments. In addition, the germination recovery occurred well when seeds were deprived of their wings. The photoperiod of 12 h light/12 h darkness and the thermoperiod of 15℃/20℃ were the best conditions for seed germination. Germination percentages of H. iraqensis seeds decreased with the increasing storage duration, especially after three years of the collection. In addition, H. iraqensis seeds were able to germinate under different salinity levels, and their germination percentages decreased with increasing salinity levels. H. iraqensis seeds have the ability to recover their germination after alleviating the salt stress, irrespective of photoperiod, highlighting the halophilous character of this species.

关键词： wings’ presence storage period photoperiod thermoperiod salt stress Halothamnus iraqensis Botsch

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GLOBAL EXISTENCE OF SOLUTIONS FOR A MULTI-PHASE FLOW: A BUBBLE IN A LIQUID TUBE AND RELATED CASES

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2015年第4期35卷 832-854页

作者： Debora AMADORI Paolo BAITI andrea CORLI Edda DAL santo Department of Engineering and Computer Science and Mathematics University of L'Aquila Department of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Udine Department of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Ferrara

In this paper we study the problem of the global existence （in time） of weak entropic solutions to a system of three hyperbolic conservation laws, in one space dimension, for large initial data. The system models the dynamics of phase transitions in an isothermal fluid; in Lagrangian coordinates, the phase interfaces are represented as stationary contact discontinuities. We focus on the persistence of solutions consisting in three bulk phases separated by two interfaces. Under some stability conditions on the phase configuration and by a suitable front tracking algorithm we show that, if the BV-norm of the initial data is less than an explicit （large） threshold, then the Cauchy problem has global solutions.

关键词： hyperbolic systems of conservation laws phase transitions wave-front trackingalgorithm

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Nd: Yag laser iridotomy in Shaffer-Etienne grade 1 and 2: angle widening in our case studies

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2015年第4期8卷 709-713页

作者： Sandra Cinzia Carlesimo Luigi Di santo Pietro Bruni Aloisa Librando Antonietta Pompea Falace andrea Barbato Department of Sense Organs Sapienza University of Rome Freelance Scientific Designer

·AIM: To obtain widening of a potentially occludable angle, in according to Kanski’s indications, through preventive Nd:Yag laser iridotomy. The observational study was performed by using gonioscopy for the selection and follow-up of 1165 treated eyes and exploiting Shaffer-Etienne gonioscopic classification as a quality/quantity test of the angle recession.·METHODS: Between September 2000 and July 2012,586 patients were selected at the Outpatients’ Ophthalmological Clinic of the Policlinico Umberto I of Rome in order to undergo Nd: Yag laser iridotomy. A Goldmann type contact lens, Q-switched mode, 2-3defocus, and 7-9 m J intensity with 2-3 impulse discharges were used for surgery.·RESULTS: From as early as the first week, a whole360° angle widening were evident in the patients, thus showing the success of Nd:Yag laser iridotomy in solving relative pupil block. The angle remained narrow by 270° in 14 eyes only, despite repetitions of further treatment with laser iridotomy in a different part of the iris, twice in 10 eyes and three times in 4 eyes.·CONCLUSION: Nd:Yag laser iridotomy revealed itself as being a safe and effective treatment in widening those critical Shaffer-Etienne grade 1 and 2 potentially occludable angles.

关键词： glaucoma gonioscopy intraocular pressure iridotomy narrow angle Nd:Yag laser

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Intrinsic host restriction factors of human cytomegalovirus replication and mechanisms of viral escape

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World Journal of Virology 2016年第3期5卷 87-96页

作者： santo Landolfo Marco De andrea Valentina Dell'Oste Francesca Gugliesi Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences Laboratory of Pathogenesis of Viral InfectionsUniversity of Turin

Before a pathogen even enters a cell, intrinsic immune defenses are active. This first-line defense is mediated by a variety of constitutively expressed cell proteins collectively termed "restriction factors"(RFs), and they form a vital element of the immune response to virus infections. Over time, however, viruses have evolved in a variety ways so that they are able to overcome these RF defenses via mechanisms that are specific for each virus. This review provides a summary of the universal characteristics of RFs, and goes on to focus on the strategies employed by some of the most important RFs in their attempt to control human cytomegalovirus(HCMV) infection. This is followed by a discussion of the counter-restriction mechanisms evolved by viruses to circumvent the host cell's intrinsic immune defenses. RFs include nuclear proteins IFN-γ inducible protein 16(IFI16)(a Pyrin/HIN domain protein), Sp100, promyelocytic leukemia, and h Daxx; the latter three being the keys elements of nuclear domain 10(ND10). IFI16 inhibits the synthesis of virus DNA by downregulating UL54 transcription- a gene encoding a CMV DNA polymerase; in response, the virus antagonizes IFI16 via a process involving viral proteins UL97 and pp65(p UL83), which results in the mislocalizing of IFI16 into the cytoplasm. In contrast, viral regulatory proteins, including pp71 and IE1, seek to modify or disrupt the ND10 proteins and thus block or reverse their inhibitory effects upon virus replication. All in all, detailed knowledge of these HCMV counter-restriction mechanisms will be fundamental for the future development of new strategies for combating HCMV infection and for identifying novel therapeutic agents.

关键词： Human cytomegalovirus Intrinsic immunity Restriction factors Viral escape mechanisms DNA sensors

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推倒围墙：巴西圣保罗青年公园

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照明设计 2010年第2期 44-49页

作者： andrea Espirito santo Neide senzi（摄影）

十八世纪法国著名的作家和诗人维克多·雨果（Victor Hugo）曾经说过：多建一所学校，就可以少建一所监狱”。这里的围墙掩盖着一段丑陋的历史，对人权的凌辱，各种形式的暴行和罪恶，圣保罗拘留中心（CasadaDetencao）因此而闻名于世... 详细信息

十八世纪法国著名的作家和诗人维克多·雨果（Victor Hugo）曾经说过：多建一所学校，就可以少建一所监狱”。这里的围墙掩盖着一段丑陋的历史，对人权的凌辱，各种形式的暴行和罪恶，圣保罗拘留中心（CasadaDetencao）因此而闻名于世，它也被人们称作卡兰迪鲁（Carandiru），已经矗立在那里几十年了。西克多·巴本克（HectorBabenco）执导的同名电影使这里的名声更加深入人心。这个拘留中心是拉丁美洲最大的监狱，

关键词：围墙公园巴西拉丁美洲监狱拘留

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巴西式效率

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照明设计 2010年第6期 76-83页

作者： andrea Espirito santo Rubens Campo（摄影）

任何一家决定在新的市场开拓其业务的公司，都要面临众多挑战，特别是在文化层面。跨国公司可将公司本身融入社会，从而有效强化企业形象，当这一形象与良好的行为紧密关联时，如坚持可持续发展，效果会更好。

关键词：西式企业形象可持续发展市场开拓文化层面跨国公司

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走出黑暗…… 保护并珍惜历史；曼萨诺圣母升开教堂，洪达日比亚市/西班牙

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照明设计 2010年第5期 52-57页

作者： Intervento andrea Espirito santo Intervento（摄影）胡国剑（译）

为了重塑历史事实和风貌，我们进入老建筑并重温过去，有时发现美丽的宝藏似乎随着时间的推移失去了价值。这可能是因为我们缺少那个时代的审美情趣和生活元素，或者是因为我们没有及时使用新技术设备对旧结构维护。这些技术设备虽然属... 详细信息

为了重塑历史事实和风貌，我们进入老建筑并重温过去，有时发现美丽的宝藏似乎随着时间的推移失去了价值。这可能是因为我们缺少那个时代的审美情趣和生活元素，或者是因为我们没有及时使用新技术设备对旧结构维护。这些技术设备虽然属于另一个时代，但它可以帮助我们保护文化遗产，并且吸引住那些探寻它起源的人的好奇目光。

关键词：历史保护西班牙教堂技术设备审美情趣结构维护文化遗产

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Inter-population variabilities in seed mass and germination of Panicum turgidum and Pennisetum divisum in the desert of Kuwait

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Journal of Arid Land 2020年第1期12卷 144-153页

作者： Arvind BHATT Narayana R BHAT Afaf AL-NASSER María M CARÓN andreasanto Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research Safat 24885Kuwait Laboratory of Botanical Research(LABIBO) Faculty of Natural SciencesNational University of Salta-CONICETSalta 4400Argentina Independent Researcher Selargius 09047Italy

Understanding variability in seed germination among populations is essential for planning an effective germplasm collection for restoration and conservation purposes.The knowledge of germination and dormancy patterns among populations of desert grasses is crucial for determining the potential of the species and populations to be used for restoration and conservation as well as forage production.Variability in seed germination of Panicum turgidum Forssk and Pennisetum divisum(Gmel.)Henr.in the desert of Kuwait was evaluated in different populations in May 2017.Experiment of seed germination(25 seeds and 4 replicates)was conducted for each population at night/day temperatures of 15℃/20℃and 20℃/30℃under the following light condition:continuous darkness or 12 h/12 h light/dark.Results showed that seed masses of both species strongly varied according to their seed provenances,and both species produced heavier seeds in population with a higher soil electrical conductivity.Seed germination percentage considerably varied between two species,and the variation in P.turgidum was greater(17%–49%)than that of P.divisum(72%–93%).Germination percentage in P.turgidum was greater at high temperature(20℃/30℃)than at low temperature(15℃/20℃).However,temperature regimes had no effect on germination percentage of P.divisum seeds.Mean germination time of both species exhibited significant inter-population variability.This result is especially relevant to assure the selection of the best population of each species and the regeneration success of the species.Besides this,inter-population variability also provides valuable information for enhancing our understanding of the mechanisms that regulate seed germination and how they might be related to seed provenance.

关键词： desert grass seed germination inter-population variability seed provenance seed dormancy

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