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Hard life for sons in the nest?Sex-dependent offspring mortality in Great Tits in urban and forest areas

Avian Research 2024年第1期15卷 91-97页

作者： nora Agh Henriett Anna Dalvári Krisztián Szabó ivett Pipoly andrás Liker HUn-REn-PE Evolutionary Ecology Research Group University of PannoniaH-8200VeszpremPf.1158.Hungary Behavioral Ecology Research Group Center for Natural SciencesUniversity of PannoniaH-8200Pf.1158.VeszpremHungary Molecular Ecology Research Group Department of EcologyUniversity of Veterinary Medicine BudapestH-1400Pf.2.BudapestHungary Synlab Hungary Ltd. H-1211Weiss Manfr´ed Str.5-7BudapestHungary

Sex-biased mortality can occur in birds during development,for example due to sexual differences in energy requirement and/or environmental sensitivity,or the effects of sex hormones or sex differences in the expression of mutations linked to sex *** extent of sex-bias in mortality may also be related to environmental conditions that influence offspring development and *** areas often provide poorer conditions for nestling development resulting in higher offspring mortality compared to natural areas,which may accelerate sex differences in offspring mortality in *** test this hypothesis,we examined the sex ratio of dead offspring in Great Tits(Parus major),using 427 samples of unhatched eggs and dead nestlings collected in two urban and two forest sites between 2013 and *** ratio of males in the whole sample of dead offspring(56.9%)was significantly higher than expected by an 1:1 ratio,and the strongest sex biases were detected in urban areas(57.6%males)and in young nestlings(ios of dead offspring did not differ significantly among study sites and between offspring developmental stages.29.3%of unhatched eggs contained a visible embryo,and the proportion of embryo-containing unhatched eggs did not differ significantly between urban and forest study *** results suggest male-biased offspring mortality in Great Tits,and highlight the need of large datasets to detect subtle differences between habitats and developmental stages.

关键词： Great Tit Urbanization nestling mortality Sex related differences

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Elevation transition of aquatic insects closely matches a thermal feature in the Yungas of northwestern Argentina

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第2期21卷 433-448页

作者： Alexandra BUiTRAGO-GUACAnAME Carlos MOLinERi andrés LiRA-nORiEGA Daniel andrés DOS SAnTOS neotropical Biodiversity institute(COniCET-UnT) UNT-DomesHorco Molle S/N4107 TucumánArgentina COnACYT Research Fellow Network of Advanced Molecular StudiesInstitute of Ecology A.COld Road to Coatepec 351El HayaCP 91073XalapaVeracruzMexico Biostatistics Chair Faculty of Natural Sciences and IMLNational University of TucumánSan Miguel de TucumánMiguel Lillo 2054000 TucumánArgentina

Temperature is a key factor that shapes the distribution of *** knowledge about how species respond to temperature is relevant to devise strategies for addressing the impacts of climate *** insects are particularly vulnerable to climate change,yet there is still much to learn about their ecology and *** the Yungas ecoregion of northwestern Argentina,cold-and warm-adapted species of the orders Ephemeroptera,Plecoptera,and Trichoptera(EPT)are segregated by *** modeled the ecological niche of South American EPT species in this region using available data and projected their potential distribution in geographic *** were grouped based on their ecogeographic similarity,and we analyzed their replacement pattern along elevation gradients,focusing on the ecotone where opposing thermal preferences *** this interface,we identified critical points where the combined incidence of cold and warm assemblages maximizes,indicating a significant transition *** found that the Montane Cloud Forest holds the interface,with a particularly greater suitability at its lower *** main axis of the interface runs in a n-S direction and falls between 14°C-16°C mean annual *** probability of a particular location within a basin being classified as part of the interface increases as Kira’s warmth index approaches a score around *** the interface is critical for defining the thermal limits of species distribution and designing biomonitoring *** in the location of thermal constants related to mountainous ecotones may cause vertical displacement of aquatic insects and vegetation *** have recognized significant temperature thresholds that serve as indicators of suitability for the *** global warming is anticipated to shift these indicators,we suggest using them to monitor the imprints of climate change on mountain ecosystems.

关键词： Austral Yungas Ecological niche Model Ephemeroptera Kira’s warmth index Plecoptera Trichoptera

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Grazing Pressure and Plant Functional Types in Puna Highlands,northwestern Argentina

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Phyton-international Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第5期93卷 1067-1080页

作者： Quiroga Mendiola Mariana Tálamo andrés iPAF nOA—inTA(national institute for Agricultural Technology) Posta de HornillosJujuy4622Argentina Facultad de Ciencias naturales Universidad Nacional de SaltaSalta4400Argentina instituto de Bio y Geociencias del nOA(iBiGEO) UNSa-CONICET.Laboratorio de Ecología Aplicada a la Conservación(LEAC)Facultad de Ciencias NaturalesUniversidad Nacional de SaltaSalta4400Argentina Maestría en Gestión Ambiental Escuela de NegociosUniversidad Católica de Salta(UCASAL)Salta4400Argentina

The Puna grasslands support grazing systems that produce meat and wool in multi-species herds,especially from llama(Lama glama)and ***,it is yet unknown whether grazing pressure can modify grassland structure and Plant Functional Types diversity and cover in Puna *** analyzed the relationship between grazing pressure and Plant Functional Types by comparing transects located near stockyards(high grazing pressure)and far from them(low pressure)and by evaluating the relationship between the Plant Functional Types cover to a Grazing Pressure index(GPi).This index incorporates the heterogeneity of traditional pastoral *** two ecological sites(Ciénego and Tolar),we sampled paired transects(near-far).Plots near and far from corrals were similar in all the variables measured except for plots in Tolar,which tend to have higher total cover,possibly due to fecal fertilization near ***,we recorded an increase in total cover and grass cover at higher GPi in Ciénego,while in Tolar we found lower values of total cover and herbaceous dicotyledonous cover at intermediate intensities of *** only negative relationship found was the cover of clonal and non-clonal shrubs,possibly explained by the greater use of these shrubs as firewood near *** summary,our study does not show important changes in Plant Functional Types as a function of grazing pressure in the studied grasslands probably because grazing pressure is diluted or diminished when livestock rotates in different areas and grazing durations ***,the long grazing history with which the Puna has evolved could also contribute to the co-structuration between native vegetation and livestock farming.

关键词： natural grasslands Puna herbivory ecological perturbation

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Blockade of Rho-associated kinase prevents inhibition of axon regeneration of peripheral nerves induced by anti-ganglioside antibodies

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neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 895-899页

作者： andrés Berardo Cristian R.Bacaglio Bárbara B.Báez Rubén Sambuelli Kazim A.Sheikh Pablo H.H.Lopez Laboratorio de neurobiología Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martin Ferreyra(INIMEC)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas(CONICET)Universidad Nacional de Córdoba Departamento de Química Biológica-Centro de investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba(CiQUiBiC)-Consejo nacional de investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas(COniCET) Facultad de Cs.QuímicasUniversidad Nacional de Córdoba Servicio de Anatomía Patológica Clínica Universitaria Reina FabiolaUniversidad Católica de Córdoba Department of neurology University of Texas Medical School at Houston

Anti-ganglioside antibodies are associated with delayed/poor clinical recovery in Guillain-barrèsyndrome,mostly related to halted axon ***-linking of cell surface gangliosides by anti-ganglioside antibodies triggers inhibition of nerve repair in in vitro and in vivo paradigms of axon *** effects involve the activation of the small GTPase Rho A/ROCK signaling pathways,which negatively modulate growth cone cytoskeleton,similarly to well stablished inhibitors of axon regeneration described so *** aim of this work was to perform a proof of concept study to demonstrate the effectiveness of Y-27632,a selective pharmacological inhibitor of ROCK,in a mouse model of axon regeneration of peripheral nerves,where the passive immunization with a monoclonal antibody targeting gangliosides GD1a and GT1b was previously reported to exert a potent inhibitory effect on regeneration of both myelinated and unmyelinated *** results demonstrate a differential sensitivity of myelinated and unmyelinated axons to the pro-regenerative effect of *** with a total dosage of 9 mg/kg of Y-27632 resulted in a complete prevention of anti-GD1a/GT1b monoclonal antibody-mediated inhibition of axon regeneration of unmyelinated fibers to skin and the functional recovery of mechanical cutaneous *** contrast,the same dose showed toxic effects on the regeneration of myelinated ***,scale down of the dosage of Y-27632 to 5 mg/kg resulted in a significant although not complete recovery of regenerated myelinated axons exposed to anti-GD1a/GT1b monoclonal antibody in the absence of toxicity in animals exposed to only ***,these findings confirm the in vivo participation of Rho A/ROCK signaling pathways in the molecular mechanisms associated with the inhibition of axon regeneration induced by anti-GD1a/GT1b monoclonal *** findings open the possibility of therapeutic pharmacological intervention targeting Rho A/R

关键词： anti-ganglioside antibodies anti-glycan antibodies axon regeneration ganglioside Guillain-barrésyndrome nerve repair ROCK Y-27632

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Vegetation Response To Soil And Morphological Properties in An Arid Region Alluvial Fan Landscape. Pre-Andes Of San Juan， Argentina

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年

作者： FLORES Daniel Germán OCA?A Raúl Emmanuel MELián Edgardo ORTEG andrés ESPER AnGiLLiERi María Yanina PiTTALUGA María Alejandra CiGEOBiO (COniCET-UnSJ) Av.José i.de la Roza y Meglioli Gabinete de Geología Ambiental inGEO Universidad nacional de San Juan Av.José i.de la Roza y Meglioli

The Monte Desert is characterized by a great diversity of landforms created with fluvial， alluvial which the vegetation patterns are related to. The present work has the following objectives: 1: determine whether topographical attributes， surface characteristics， soil properties and vegetation patterns vary between alluvial landforms， and 2: define whether morphometric， soil and surface properties influence vegetation patterns along alluvial landscape. Morphometric data were obtained by processing a 5 m digital elevation model. The coverage of rock fragments， fine sediments and mulch was quantified. Observations and descriptions of the soil profiles were restricted to the uppermost 50 cm. Vegetation properties were calculated using a Point Quadrat Method. The relationship between variables was evaluated through multivariate statistical analysis. The main results show the presence of 45 plant species distributed in 19 families， where shrubs are dominant. The wind effect， topographic wetness and dissection of the landscape are limiting factors of diversity. The coverage of superficial rock fragments influence vegetation coverage through the distribution and availability of rainwater. Furthermore， the different soil textures reveal that the silt content favors an increase in vegetation coverage. The presence of V horizon could condition the installation and development of vegetation in the early stages of growth.

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Kentish Plover(Charadrius alexandrinus) and Little Tern(Sternula albifrons) prefer shells for nesting:A field experiment

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Avian Research 2024年第1期15卷 55-59页

作者： Macarena Castro andrés De la Cruz nuria Martin-Sanjuan Alejandro Pérez-Hurtado instituto Universitario de investigacion Marina(inMAR) Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar(CEIMAR)Departamento de BiologíaUniversidad de CadizPuerto RealSpain Servicios centrales de investigacion Salinas de la Esperanza Universidad de CadizPuerto RealSpain

Shorebird populations are declining worldwide,mainly due to human disturbances and loss of coastal ***,supratidal habitats as saltpans could play a role in buffering human *** have shown to be important as feeding or breeding sites of some shorebird species.A potential conservation strategy to increase shorebird populations in saltpans is to manipulate the cues that birds use to select optimal breeding *** it is hypothesized that shorebirds are attracted to bivalve shells due to the advantages they *** this hypothesis,we supplemented a restored saltpan in 2019 and 2021 with bivalve shells,expecting an increase in the number of breeding birds’ *** than 75% of Kentish Plover(Charadrius alexandrinus) and Little Tern(Sternula albifrons) nests were found in patches with shells in both *** best model for both species indicates that the presence of shells is the factor that most correlates with the location of *** probability of choosing one place over another to settle their nest increases in areas with an abundance of shells,double in the case of the Kentish Plover and triple in the case of the Little *** result of this study may constitute a valuable tool for attracting birds to restored saltpans and could contribute to the success of expensive restoration projects where time is usually a constraint.

关键词： Habitat management nest site selection Saltpan restoration Shell supplementation Shorebirds

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Geochemical elements in suspended particulate matter of Ensenada de La Paz Lagoon,Baja California Peninsula,Mexico:Sources,distribution,mass balance and ecotoxicological risks

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 422-436页

作者： Sandra Soledad Morales-García Pilar de Acacia Pérez-Escamilla Suresh Babu Sujitha Pichaimani Godwyn-Paulson andrés Felipe Zuniga-Cabezas Muthuswamy Ponniah Jonathan instituto Politécnico nacional(iPn) Centro Mexicano para la Producción más Limpia(CMPL)Av.Acueducto s/nCol.Barrio la Laguna TicománDel Gustavo A.MaderoC.P.07340Ciudad de MéxicoMexico instituto Politécnico nacional(iPn) Escuela Superior de Ingeniería y Arquitectura(ESIA)Unidad Ticomán***án 600Delg.Gustavo A.MaderoC.P.07340Ciudad de México(CDMX)Mexico instituto Politécnico nacional(iPn) Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo(CIIEMAD)Calle 30 de Junio de 1520Barrio la Laguna TicománDel.Gustavo A.MaderoC.P.07340Ciudad de MéxicoMéxico

The present study aimed to evaluate multi-element concentrations(Al,As,Ca,Cd,Co,Cr,Cu,Fe,Mg,Mn,Mo,ni,Pb,Sr)in suspended particulate material(SPM)collected from Ensenada de La Paz(ELP)lagoon,Baja California Sur,Mexico in two different periods(September and May)to comprehend their origin,geochemical behavior,mass transfer and associated ecotoxicological *** 24 hr variation coefficient of volumetric SPM levels were found to be 51.7%in September and 40.5%in May,signifying the effects of oceanic *** calculated enrichment factor(EF)values for all the studied elements were of higher magnitude because of the high surface area and oxide nature of SPM,and in this study,Mo had the highest EF of 46.77 probably due to its origin from continental *** the ecotoxicological perspective,the integrated toxic risk index revealed low toxic risk to the benthic ***,the mean-ERM-Quotient calculated using the particulate concentrations of As,Cd,Cr,Cu,ni,Pb indicated 9%probability of toxicity to *** comprehensive geochemical and ecotoxicological assessment of particulate metal concentrations in the ELP lagoon signify low to moderate contamination.

关键词： Suspended particulate material Heavy metals Risk assessment Mass transfer Ensenada de La Paz

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Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors:Are tumors smaller than 2 cm truly indolent?

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第5期16卷 1756-1762页

作者： Sergio Hoyos Pablo Posada-Moreno natalia Guzman-Arango Romario Chanci-Drago Jaime Chavez Alvaro andrés-Duarte Santiago Salazar-Ochoa Hepatobilary and Liver Transplant Unit Hospital Pablo Tobon Uribe and Gastrohepathology Group Universidad de AntioquiaMedellin 050034AntioquiaColombia Department of General Surgery Universidad Pontificia BolivarianaMedellín 050034AntioquiaColombia

BACKGROUnD Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(PnETs)are relatively rare but rank as the second most common pancreatic *** can be functional,causing early metabolic disturbances due to hormone secretion,or non-functional and diagnosed later based on tumor size-related *** diagnoses of PnETs under 2 cm in size have sparked debates about their management;some practitioners advocate for surgical removal and others suggest observation due to the tumors’lower potential for ***,it is unclear whether managing these small tumors expectantly is truly *** To evaluate poor prognostic factors in PnETs based on tumor size(>2 cm orin surgically treated *** This cohort study included 64 patients with PnETs who underwent surgical resection between 2006 and 2019 at a high-complexity reference hospital in Medellín,*** assess patient survival,quarterly follow-ups were conducted during the first year after surgery,followed by semi-annual con-sultations at the hospital's hepatobiliary surgery *** variables were described using absolute and relative frequencies,and quantitative variables were expressed using measures of central tendency and their corresponding measures of *** The presence of lymph node involvement,neural involvement,and lymphovascular invasion were all associated with an increased risk of mortality,with hazard ratios of 5.68(95%Ci:1.26–25.61,P=0.024),6.44(95%Ci:1.43–28.93,P=0.015),and 24.87(95%Ci:2.98–207.19,P=0.003),*** involvement and lymphovascular invasion were present in tumors smaller than 2 cm in diameter and those larger than 2 cm in *** recurrence rates between the two tumor groups were furthermore similar:18.2%for tumors smaller than 2 cm and 21.4%for tumors larger than 2 *** survival was additionally comparable between the two tumor *** Tumor size does not dictate prognosis;lymph node and lymphovascular involvement a

关键词： neuroendocrine tumor Pancreatic neoplasm Pancreas Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors

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Assessment of the Drafting Quality of Request Forms Submitted to the Malaria and Parasitology Units at the institut Pasteur de Cote d’ivoire

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第5期12卷 330-339页

作者： Yao Serge-Stéphane Ako Ako Bérenger Aristide Sylvain Beourou Ouattara Yacouba n’Guessan Tiacoh Landry n’Dri Kouadio Thierry-Borel Toure andré Offianan Malaria Unit Institut Pasteur de Cote d&#8217Ivoire Abidjan Cote d&#8217Ivoire Parasitology Unit Institut Pasteur de Cote d&#8217Ivoire Abidjan Cote d&#8217Ivoire

Biological tests provide information on the medical analysis requested by both the patient and the prescriber. it is a communication link between the prescriber and the laboratory staff. The lack of some information on request forms not only affects the drafting quality of the test and patient care, but could also make thousands of data produced by healthcare centers unusable. The aim of this study was to assess the drafting quality of request forms submitted to the Malaria and Parasitology Units at the institut Pasteur de Côte d’ivoire. Methods: it was a descriptive cross-sectional study to assess the drafting quality of request forms of various prescribers received at the institut Pasteur de Côte d’ivoire. This study was conducted at the Malaria and Parasitology Units, department of Parasitology and Mycology (institut Pasteur de Côte d’ivoire), from 6th December 2020 to 6th December 2021. The information on each request forms was recorded on a data collection form designed for this purpose. Each data collection form corresponds to a request forms and each test to a patient. Results: Out of a total of 1990 request forms received, the patient’s age and sex were missing on 18% and 26.8% of the tests respectively. More than half (51.80%) of request forms did not indicate the patient’s place of residence. Clinical information was not provided on 45.90% of the tests. Prescribers omitting their signatures were 51%, stamps were 50.3% and contacts were 71.2%. Only 5.4% of request forms were of good drafting quality. Providing all the required information on the forms could facilitate the use and analysis of data and samples.

关键词： Laboratory Quality Request Forms information

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Seasonal variation and host sex affect bat–bat fly interaction networks in the Amazonian savannahs

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integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 400-416页

作者： Paulo MEJiA Gustavo Lima URBiETA Bruna da Silva XAViER isaíJorge de CASTRO JoséJúlio DE TOLEDO Gustavo GRACiOLLi Lucio andréViAnA DiAS William Douglas CARVALHO Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Tropical Universidade Federal do Amapá(UNIFAP)MacapáAPBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Instituto de BiologiaCentro de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro(UFRJ)Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil Laboratório de Mamíferos Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Estado do Amapá(IEPA)MacapáAPBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal Laboratório de SistemáticaEcologia e Evolução(LSEE)Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul(UFMS)Campo GrandeMTBrazil Terrestrial Ecology Group(TEG-UAM) Departamento de EcologíaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain Centro de investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global(CiBC-UAM) Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain

Bats are the second-most diverse group of mammals in the world,and bat flies are their main ***,significant knowledge gaps remain regarding these antagonistic interactions,especially since diverse factors such as seasonality and host sex can affect their network ***,we explore the influence of such factors by comparing species richness and composition of bat flies on host bats,as well as specialization and modularity of bat–bat fly interaction networks between seasons and adult host *** captured bats and collected their ectoparasitic flies at 10 sampling sites in the savannahs of AmapáState,northeastern region of the Brazilian *** female bats being more parasitized and recording greater bat fly species richness in the wet season,neither relationship was statistically *** pooled network could be divided into 15 compartments with 54 links,and all subnetworks comprised>12 *** total number of links ranged from 27 to 48(for the dry and wet seasons,respectively),and female and male subnetworks had 44 and 41 links,*** values were very low for the pooled network and for all *** results revealed higher bat fly species richness and abundance in the wet season,whereas specialization and modularity were higher in the dry ***,the subnetwork for female bats displayed higher specialization and modularity than the male ***,both seasonality and host sex contribute in different ways to bat–bat fly network *** studies should consider these factors when evaluating bat–bat fly interaction networks.

关键词： Amapá Amazon biome bat flies bats interaction networks

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