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True grit: ingestion of small stone particles by hummingbirds in West Mexico

Avian Research 2021年第4期12卷 739-749页

作者： omar maya-García Mauricio Ortega-Flores Jorge E.Schondube Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas Unidad de PosgradoCoordinación del Posgrado en Ciencias BiológicasUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoEdificio D1er pisoCircuito de PosgradosCiudad UniversitariaDel.CoyoacánC.P.04510 México D.F.Mexico Laboratorio de Ecología Funcional Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y SustentabilidadUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoAntigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro No.8701Col.Ex Hacienda de San Joséde la HuertaC.P.58190 MoreliaMichoacánMexico

Background: Grit is used by birds mainly for grinding hard food items but can also serve a nutritional role as a source of minerals. Ingestion of grit by birds has been documented primarily in species that feed on seeds and *** feeding mainly on nectar and small arthropods, hummingbirds also ingest grit, but why they do so is unclear. We quantified the number of grit particles in the stomachs of six species of hummingbirds during an annual cycle in a seasonal ecosystem of West ***: We compared the number of grit particles in the stomachs of different hummingbird species(Mexican Violetear Colibri thalassinus, Amethyst-throated Mountaingem Lampornis amethystinus, White-eared Hummingbird Basilinna leucotis, Rivoli's Hummingbird Eugenes fulgens, Broad-tailed Hummingbird Selasphorus platycercus, and Rufous Hummingbird S. rufus), and between sex and age categories during the different seasons of a year. To deter-mine if grit was used to grind ingested arthropods, we examined the relationships between the number of grit parti-cles, the biomass of arthropods ingested, and their chitin ***: Although species did not differ in the number of grit particles in their stomachs, we found that grit was mostly ingested by female individuals, with only one male of one species(Mexican Violetear) presenting grit in its stomach. We also found that female hummingbirds had grit in their stomachs during the rainy and the cold-dry season(June-February) but not during the warm-dry season(March-May). Our analyses revealed no relationship between the number of grit particles and the amount of ingested arthropods and arthropod chitin content. However,high grit consumption was related to wasp ingestion on Mexican ***: Our results indicate that grit is used mainly by female hummingbirds. The seasonal variation in the ingestion of grit by female individuals suggests that it can be used to meet mineral requirements related to breed-ing;how

关键词： Arthropod chitin content Arthropod digestion Breeding season Mineral nutritional requirements

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Thermodynamic potential and phase diagram for multiferroic bismuth ferrite(BiFeO_(3))

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npj Computational Materials 2017年第1期3卷 284-293页

作者： Dmitry V.Karpinsky Eugene A.Eliseev Fei Xue Maxim V.Silibin Alexandra Franz maya D.Glinchuk Igor O.Troyanchuk Sergey A.Gavrilov Venkatraman Gopalan Long-Qing Chen Anna N.Morozovska Scientific-Practical Materials Research Centre of NAS of Belarus P.Brovki str.19 Minsk 220072Belarus National Research University of Electronic Technology“MIET” Bld.1Shokin sq.ZelenogradMoscow 124498Russia Institute for Problems of Materials Science National Academy of Sciences of UkraineKrzhizhanovsky str.3 Kyiv 03680Ukraine Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity Park State CollegePA 16802USA Helmholtz Center Berlin Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1Berlin 14109Germany Institute of Physics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine46pr.Nauky Kyiv 03028Ukraine

We construct a Landau-Ginzburg thermodynamic potential,and the corresponding phase diagram for pristine and slightly doped bismuth ferrite,a ferroelectric antiferromagnet at room *** potential is developed based on new X-ray and neutron diffraction experiments complementing available *** demonstrate that a strong biquadratic antiferrodistortive-type coupling is the key to a quantitative description of Bi_(1−x)La_(x)FeO_(3) multiferroic phase diagram including the temperature stability of the antiferromagnetic,ferroelectric,and antiferrodistortive phases,as well as for the prediction of novel intermediate structural ***,we show that“rotomagnetic”antiferrodistortive-antiferromagnetic coupling is very important to describe the ferroelectric polarization and antiferrodistortive tilt behavior in the R3c phase of BiFeO_(3).The Landau-Ginzburg thermodynamic potential is able to describe the sequence of serial and trigger-type phase transitions,the temperature-dependent behavior of the order parameters,and the corresponding susceptibilities to external *** can also be employed to predict the corresponding ferroelectric and antiferrodistortive properties of Bi_(1−x)La_(x)FeO_(3) thin films and nanoparticles by incorporating the gradient and surface energy terms that are strongly dependent on the shape,size,and preparation method.

关键词： ferrite ferroelectric diagram

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ALA-PDT对UVB诱导的早衰成纤维细胞形态及增殖活性的影响

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中国皮肤性病学杂志 2015年第3期29卷 225-230页

作者：张丽超周炳荣骆丹马立文易飞王申 maya Valeska Gozali 吴红巾栗丹南京医科大学第一附属医院皮肤性病科江苏南京210029 南京大学医学院附属南京鼓楼医院皮肤科江苏南京210008

目的研究5-氨基酮戊酸光动力疗法（ALA-PDT）对中波紫外线诱导的提前衰老（UVB-SIPS）成纤维细胞形态及增殖活性的影响。方法将不同浓度5-氨基酮戊酸（5-aminolevulinicacid，ALA）孵育UVB-SIPS成纤维细胞，不同时间点检测细胞内原卟啉I... 详细信息

目的研究5-氨基酮戊酸光动力疗法（ALA-PDT）对中波紫外线诱导的提前衰老（UVB-SIPS）成纤维细胞形态及增殖活性的影响。方法将不同浓度5-氨基酮戊酸（5-aminolevulinicacid，ALA）孵育UVB-SIPS成纤维细胞，不同时间点检测细胞内原卟啉IX（ProtoporphyrinIX，PpⅨ）荧光强度；1mmol／LALA孵育正常及***成纤维细胞2h，6h，采用635nm红光以不同照光剂量处理后，倒置显微镜观察细胞形态、CellCountingKit-8（CCK-8）法检测细胞活性。结果1．00mm01／LALA孵育6h内，UVB-SIPS成纤维细胞内PpIX荧光强度逐渐增强，6～24h荧光强度逐渐减弱。ALA-PDT可诱导UVB-SIPS成纤维细胞形态改变、增殖减缓，与照光剂量及ALA孵育时间呈量效依赖关系，使用抗氧化剂NAC预处理可以减轻上述改变。结论ALA-PDT对UVB-SIPS成纤维细胞的增殖和生长有一定的抑制作用，其机制可能与***对细胞的氧化损伤有关。

关键词： UVB诱导的早衰成纤维细胞 5-氨基酮戊酸光动力疗法细胞增殖

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