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Eosinophilic esophagitis: Current concepts in diagnosis and treatment

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第32期25卷 4598-4613页

作者： andrés Gómez-Aldana Mario Jaramillo-Santos andrés Delgado Carlos Jaramillo Adán Lúquez-Mindiola Departament of Internal Medicine Section of GastroenterologySanta Fe Foundation of Bogotá(Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá)Bogotá220246Colombia University of Los Andes Bogotá111711Colombia Department of Endoscopy Caldas UniversityManizales 275Colombia Department of Endoscopy Surgeons’Union SAS(Joint stock company)(Union de cirujanos SAS)Manizales 170001661Colombia Department of Gastroenterology Gut MédicaBogotá110221001Colombia

Eosinophilic esophagitis is an immune-allergic pathology of multifactorial etiology(genetic and environmental)that affects both pediatric and adult *** symptoms,which include heartburn,regurgitation,and esophageal stenosis(with dysphagia being more frequent in eosinophilic esophagitis in young adults and children),are similar to those of gastroesophageal reflux disease,causing delays in diagnosis and *** endoscopic findings such as furrows,esophageal mucosa trachealization,and whitish exudates may suggest its presence,this diagnosis should be confirmed histologically based on the presence of more than 15 eosinophils per high-power field and the exclusion of other causes of eosinophilia(parasitic infections,hypereosinophilic syndrome,inflammatory bowel disease,among others)for which treatment could be ***,the 3“D”s(“Drugs,Diet,and Dilation”)are considered the fundamental components of *** first 2 components,which involve the use of proton pump inhibitors,corticosteroids,immunosuppressants and empirical diets or guided food elimination based on allergy tests,are more useful in the initial phases,whereas endoscopic dilation is reserved for esophageal ***,the most important aspects of eosinophilic esophagitis pathophysiology will be reviewed,in addition to evidence for the various treatments.

关键词： Eosinophilic esophagitis Corticoid Esophageal stenosis Diet Dilation Proton pump inhibitor

Affinity-Based Network Interfaces for Efficient Communication on Multicore Architectures

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2013年第3期28卷 508-524页

作者： andrés Ortiz Julio Ortega Antonio F.Díaz Alberto Prieto Department of Communications Engineering University of Málaga Department of Computer Architecture and Technology/CITIC University of Granada

Improving the network interface performance is needed by the demand of applications with high communication requirements （for example, some multimedia, real-time, and high-performance computing applications）, and the availability of network links providing multiple gigabits per second bandwidths that could require many processor cycles for communication tasks. Multicore architectures, the current trend in the microprocessor development to cope with the difficulties to further increase clock frequencies and microarchitecture efficiencies, provide new opportunities to exploit the parallelism available in the nodes for designing efficient communication architectures. Nevertheless, although present OS network stacks include multiple threads that make it possible to execute network tasks concurrently in the kernel, the implementations of packet-based or connection-based parallelism are not trivial as they have to take into account issues related with the cost of synchronization in the access to shared resources and the efficient use of caches. Therefore, a common trend in many recent researches on this topic is to assign network interrupts and the corresponding protocol and network application processing to the same core, as with this affinity scheduling it would be possible to reduce the contention for shared resources and the cache misses. In this paper we propose and analyze several configurations to distribute the network interface among the different cores available in the server. These alternatives have been devised according to the affinity of the corresponding communication tasks with the location （proximity to the memories where the different data structures are stored） and characteristics of the processing core. As this approach uses several cores to accelerate the communication path of a given connection, it can be seen as complementary to those that consider several cores to simultaneously process packets belonging to either the same or different connections.

关键词： interrupt affinity processor affinity network interface offioading, SIMICS

Premature losses of leaf area in response to drought and insect herbivory through a leaf lifespan gradient

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第1期33卷 39-50页

作者： Sonia Mediavilla Montserrat Martínez-Ortega Santiago andrés Javier Bobo Alfonso Escudero Departamento de Ecología Facultad de BiologíaUniversidad de Salamanca37071 SalamancaSpain Departamento de Botánica y Fisiología Vegetal Facultad de BiologíaUniversidad de Salamanca37071 SalamancaSpain

Implications of the differences in leaf life span are still subject to debate in the field of *** leaf traits associated with these differences may be decisive for determining the distribution of tree species,this topic is particularly relevant in the context of climate *** study analyzes the effects of the differences in leaf life span on premature losses of leaf area owing to insect herbivory and to abiotic *** of leaf area may be an important determinant of total leaf carbon *** Mediterranean tree species,distributed on four sites with different climates were *** species exhibited strong differences in leaf life span and in leaf traits,especially leaf mass per unit *** leaf area losses were estimated in response to insect herbivory and summer drought over two *** results revealed that,despite having older leaf cohorts with more damage,species with longer leaf duration had lower area lost to herbivores and less damage due to accelerated senescence during the summer *** respect to the predicted increase in water stress,deciduous species are at a disadvantage due to their high premature loss of leaf area and thus loss of photosynthetic capacity.

关键词： Accelerated senescence Insect herbivory Leaf life span Leaf structural reinforcement Summer drought

Validation of Reference Genes for mRNA Quantification in Adjuvant Arthritis

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Open Journal of Rheumatology and Autoimmune Diseases 2012年第3期2卷 64-72页

作者： Muhammad Ayaz Alam Qureshi Aisha Siddiqah Ahmed Jian Li andré Stark per Eriksson Mahmood Ahmed Department of Clinical Neurosciences Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden Department of Clinical Sciences Danderyd Hospital Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden Department of Medicine Karolinska University Hospital Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery Karolinska University Hospital Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden Department of Neurobiology Care Sciences and Society Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden

Real time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) requires a method to normalize the expression of target genes against an en- dogenous reference gene. It is known that commonly used housekeeping genes (HKGs) vary tremendously in inflam- matory conditions;however information about the stability and expression of HKGs in chronic inflammatory joint dis- ease such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is scarce. The expressional stability of 10 commonly used HKGs was analyzed in the neuronal (spinal cord, dorsal root ganglia) and in the musculoskeletal tissues (tendon, muscle, epiphysis, capsule, periosteum and ankle joint) using RT-qPCR in the rat model of RA. In individual tissues, suitable HKGs were selected by | △Ct| (│Ct control-Ct arthritis│) and further analyzed by using software programs;geNorm and normfinder. We found hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl tranferase (HPRT) as the most stable gene except ankle joint while glyce-raldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) was found as the least stable gene in musculoskeletal tissues. In in-flamed ankle joint where no reference gene was found to be stably expressed, an inflammatory cell marker CD3 was used to normalize peptidylprolyl isomerase B (PPIB), the most homogenous HKG identified among the 10 HKGs. The normalized PPIB was then used to analyze the gene expression of neurokinin 1 (NK1), receptor of substance P, a potent pro-inflammatory mediator. We observed a 3.5 fold increase (p = 0.009) in NK1 expression in inflamed ankle joint compared to control. Our results indicate that reference genes stability should be evaluated before using them as refer- ence during inflammatory conditions. In tissues with intense inflammatory cell infiltration, an inflammatory cell marker should be used to normalize the selected reference gene to avoid erroneous results.

关键词： Quantitative PCR Adjuvant Arthritis Housekeeping Gene

The flowerpiercers interactions with a community of high Andean plants

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Avian Research 2021年第2期12卷 181-194页

作者： Jairo andrés Cuta-Pineda Luis Alejandro Arias-Sosa Roxibell C.Pelayo Research Group“Grupo Ecología de Organismos(GEO-UPTC)” TunjaColom-bia Maestría en Ciencia Biológicas Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de ColombiaTunjaColombia Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Ecológicas(ICAE) Universidad de Los AndesMéridaVenezuela

Background:Flowerpiercers(Diglossa)are traditionally considered as“parasites”of the pollination processes,as they can access the nectar without entering in contact with the reproductive structures of the ***,the effect of flowerpiercers seems to vary according to their behavior and the flower’s ***,in this work,we aimed to explore the floral characteristics that may determine the susceptibility to robbing and pollen transport by ***,we identified the potential types of interactions and studied interaction network ***:We collected the information of 16 ornithophilic plants regarding their floral traits and robbing ***,we captured 4 species of flowerpiercers and evaluated pollen transport(frequency and loads).We tested the correlation between floral traits,robbing frequency,and pollen ***,we used these variables in a cluster and principal component analyses to identify the potential types of ***,we analyzed and com-pared the structure of the plants-flowerpiercers interaction ***:Nectar production significantly influenced both nectar robbing and pollen *** the corolla length was only correlated to the robbing ***,we found that particular flowerpiercers species trans-ported higher loads of some plant pollen,which can be related to the differences in behavior and morphometric *** proposed the classification of five different types of plant-flowerpiercer interactions,that showed differ-ent potential mutualist or antagonist relations based on the affectation of nectar robbing and the service of pollen *** interaction networks consisted of 49 links,with 2.4 links per species,and presented indicators of a medium to high resilience,stability,and resistance(nestedness,connectance,and robustness).Also,the network presented medium to low specialization and substantial niche ***:The ecological role of

关键词： Diglossa Flower traits Nectar robbing Nectivorous birds Pollen transport Pollination

Prediction of net energy of feeds for broiler chickens

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 241-250页

作者： Aye-Cho Tay-Zar Manoosak Wongphatcharachai Pairat Srichana Pierre-andré Geraert Jean Noblet Charoen Pokphand Foods Public Company Limited(CPF) BangkokThailand Adisseo France S.A.S. AntonyFrance INRAE RennesFrance

Net energy(NE)enables the prediction of more accurate feed energy values by taking into account the heat increment which is approximately 25%of apparent metabolizable energy(AME)in ***,application of NE in poultry industry has not been practiced *** predict the NE values of broiler diets,23 diets were prepared by using 13 major ingredients(wheat,corn,paddy rice,broken rice,cassava pellets,full-fat soybean,soybean meal,canola meal,animal protein,rice bran,wheat bran,palm kernel meal and palm kernel oil).The diets were formulated in order to meet the birds'requirements and get a wide range of chemical compositions(on DM basis;33.6%to 55.3%for starch;20.8%to 28.4%for CP,2.7%to 10.6%for ether extract[EE]and 7.0%to 17.2%for NDF),with low correlations between these nutrients and low correlations between the inclusion levels of ingredients allowing for the calculation of robust prediction equations of energy values of diets or *** diets were fed to Ross 308 broilers raised in 12 open-circuit respiratory chambers from 18 to 23 d of age(4 birds per cage)and growth performance,diet AME content and heat production were measured,and dietary NE values were *** trial was conducted on a weekly basis with 12 diets measured each week(1per chamber),1 of the 23 diets(reference diet)being measured each *** diet was tested at least *** total,235 energy balance data values were available for the final *** performance,AME(15.3 MJ/kg DM on average)and AME/GE(79.4%on average)values were as *** NE/AME value averaged 76.6%and was negatively influenced by CP and NDF and positively by EE in connection with efficiencies of AME provided by CP,EE and starch for NE of 73%,87%and 81%,*** best prediction equation was:NE=(0.815×AME)—(0.026×CP)+(0.020×EE)—(0.024×NDF)with NE and AME as MJ/kg DM,and CP,EE and NDF as%of *** NE prediction equations from this study agree with other recently reported equation

关键词： Net energy Broiler Poultry Feed evaluation Energy system

Opposite latitudinal gradients for species richness and phylogenetic diversity of endemic snakes in the Atlantic Forest

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Current Zoology 2024年第4期70卷 522-530页

作者： JoséThales da Motta Portillo JosuéAnderson Rēgo Azevedo Fausto Erritto Barbo Ricardo J.Sawaya Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Biologia Animal Instituto de BiocienciasLetras e Ciencias ExatasUniversidade Estadual Paulista"Julio de Mesquita Filho"Rua Cristovao Colombo2265Sao Josédo Rio PretoSao Paulo 15054-000Brazil Programa de Colecoes Cientificas Biologicas Coordenagao de BiodiversidadeInstituto Nacional de Pesquisas da AmazoniaAvenida AndréAraujo2936ManausAmazonas 69067-375Brazil gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre University of GothenburgBox 461GothenburgVastra Gotaland SE-40530Sweden Instituto Federal de Educacao Ciencia e Tecnologia de Minas GeraisRodovia Machado-Paraguacukm 3MachadoMinas Gerais 37750-000Rraizil Centro de Ciencias Naturais e Humanas UniversidadeFederaldo ABCRua Arcturus03Sao Bernardo do CampoSao Paulo09606-070Brazil

The decrease in species richness toward higher latitudes is an expected biogeographical *** pattern could be related to particular envi-ronmental constraints and the evolutionary history of ***,species richness does not fully represent the evolutionary history of the clades behind their *** diversity better clarifies the role of historical factors in biogeographical *** analyzed envi-ronmental and historical drivers related to latitudinal variation in species richness and phylogenetic diversity of Atlantic Forest endemic *** implemented species distribution models,from voucherbased locality points,to map the snake ranges and *** used generalized additive mixed models to evaluate the relationships among the diversity metrics and area,topographical roughness,and past climate change velocity since the Last Maximum Glacial in the Atlantic Forest latitudinal *** to the expected general pattern,species richness was higher toward higher latitudes,being positively related to past climatic *** richness also increased with total area and higher topographical *** diversity,on the other hand,showed opposite relationships related to the same *** diversity increased with lower climatic stability in lower ***,dimensions of diversity were affected in different ways by historical and environmental constraints in this unique and threatened biodiversity hotspot.

关键词： biodiversity latitudinal gradient neotropical region phylogenetic diversity serpents species richness.

Predictive value of bleeding risk scores in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation and oral anticoagulation

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2023年第9期20卷 684-692页

作者： Pablo Domínguez-Erquicia Sergio Raposeiras-Roubín Emad Abu-Assi andr.a Lizancos-Castro Jose A Parada-Barcia andrégonzález-García Ana Ledo-Piñeiro Vanesa Noriega-Caro Carla Iglesias-Otero andrésÍñiguez-Romo Department of Cardiology University HospitalÁlvaro CunqueiroVigoSpain Health Research Institute Galicia Sur VigoSpain

BACKGROUND The predictive value of bleeding risk scores for atrial fibrillation in older patients is not as well *** goal of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of HASBLED,ORBIT and ATRIA for major bleeding(MB)and intracranial hemorrhage(ICH)in patients≥75 years with atrial fibrillation and oral anticoagulation(OAC).METHODS A retrospective unicenter study including patients≥75 years with atrial fibrillation(AF)and OAC.A total of 7613 patients≥75 years with AF and OAC included between 2014 and 2018(registry:NCT04364516).We analyzed the discriminative value of HASBLED,ATRIA and ORBIT scores for bleeding endpoints(major bleeding as primary endpoint and intracerebral hemorrhage as secondary).Cox regression was used to predict major bleeding with each scale and also for searching other variables potentially predictor of major *** discrimination was assessed using Harrell’s *** was assessed with goodness-of-fit test proposed by Gronnesby and *** During a mean follow up of 4.0 years(IQR:2.4–5.7 years),729 patients developed MB(2.61 per 100 patients/year)and 243 patients developed ICH(0.85 per 100 patients/year).Three scores showed a low discrimination for major bleeding,being ORBIT the best(HASBLED C statistic=0.557;ATRIA C statistic=0.568;ORBIT C statistic=0.595)and also a low discrimination for ICH(HASBLED C statistic=0.509;ATRIA C statistic=0.522;ORBIT C statistic=0.526).Among the variables that are part of the scores and other baseline characteristics,after multivariable adjustment only sex(male),dementia,prior admission for bleeding,anemia and liver disease were found as a predictors of *** In older patients under oral anticoagulation with atrial fibrillation,the risk scores HASBLED,ATRIA and ORBIT showed a weak discrimination for major bleeding and intracranial ***,other better alternatives should be evaluated for this purpose.

关键词： patients bleeding fibrillation

Systematics of the avian family Alaudidae using multilocus and genomic data

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Avian Research 2023年第2期14卷 137-152页

作者： per Alstrom Zeinolabedin Mohammadi Erik D.Enbody Martin Irestedt Derek Engelbrecht Pierre-andre Crochet Alban Guillaumet Loïs Rancilhac B.Irene Tieleman Urban Olsson Paul F.Donald Martin Stervander Animal Ecology Department of Ecology and GeneticsEvolutionary Biology CentreUppsala UniversityNorbyvagen 18DSE-75236UppsalaSweden Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Department of Biology Faculty of SciencesGolestan UniversityGorganGolestanIran Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology Uppsala University75123UppsalaSweden Department of Biomolecular Engineering University of CaliforniaSanta Cruz95060Santa CruzCAUSA Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics Swedish Museum of Natural HistoryP.O.Box 50007SE-10405StockholmSweden Department of Biodiversity University of LimpopoPrivate Bag X1106Sovenga0727South Africa CEFE CNRSUniv MontpellierEPHEIRDMontpellierFrance Department of Biological&Environmental Sciences Troy UniversityTroyAL36082USA Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences University of GroningenNijenborgh 79747 AGGroningenthe Netherlands Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of GothenburgP.O.Box 463SE-40530GothenburgSweden gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre P.O.Box 461SE-40530GothenburgSweden BirdLife International The David Attenborough BuildingPembroke StCambridgeCB23QZUK Department of Zoology University of CambridgeDowning StreetCambridgeCB23EJUK Bird Group Natural History MuseumAkeman StreetTringHertfordshireHP236APUnited Kingdom

The family Alaudidae,larks,comprises 93-100 species(depending on taxonomy)that are widely distributed across Africa and Eurasia,with single species extending their ranges to North and northernmost South America and Australia.A decade-old molecular phylogeny,comprising~80%of the species,revealed multiple cases of parallel evolution and large variation in rates of morphological evolution,which had misled taxonomists into creating many non-monophyletic ***,we reconstruct the phylogeny of the larks,using a dataset covering one mitochondrial and 16 nuclear loci and comprising all except one of the currently recognised species as well as several recently proposed new species(in total 133 taxa;not all loci available for all species).We provide additional support using genome-wide markers to infer a genus-level phylogeny based on near-complete generic sampling(in total 51 samples of 44 taxa across 40 species).Our results confirm the previous findings of rampant morphological convergence and divergence,and reveal new cases of paraphyletic *** propose a new subfamily classification,and also that the genus Mirafra is divided into four genera to produce a more balanced generic classification of the *** study supports recently proposed species splits as well as some recent lumps,while also questioning some of the *** comprehensive phylogeny will form an important basis for future studies,such as comparative studies of lark natural history,ecology,evolution and conservation.

关键词： Phylogeny Phylogenomics Multispecies coalescent Lark Paraphyly Taxonomy Subfamily description