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CRIsPR/Cas9: Development and Application in Rice Breeding

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Rice science 2019年第5期26卷 265-281页

作者： Fernando Matías ROMERO andrés GATICA-ARIAs Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology School of Biology/Research Center in Cellular and Molecular Biology University of Costa Rica

Rice(Oryza sativa L.)is an important staple food crop worldwide due to its adaptability to different environmental *** of its great economic and social importance,there is a constant requirement for new varieties with improved agronomic characteristics,such as tolerance to different biotic(such as bacterium,fungus,insect and virus)and abiotic stresses(such as salinity,drought and temperature),higher yield and better organoleptic and nutritional *** the new genome editing technologies,the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRIsPR)/CRIsPR-associated protein(Cas)(CRIsPR/Cas)system allows precise and specific edition in a targeted genome *** is one of the most frequently used techniques for the study of the function of new genes and for the development of mutant lines with enhanced tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses,herbicide resistance or improved *** wide varieties of applications for this technology include simple non-homologous end joining,homologous recombination,gene replacement,and base *** this review,we analyzed how some of these applications have been used in rice cultivars to obtain rice varieties better adapted to current environmental conditions and market requirements.

关键词： rice CRIsPR Cas genome editing biotic stress abiotic stress yield off-target mutation

Vegetation recovery after fire in mountain grasslands of Argentina

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Journal of Mountain science 2020年第2期17卷 373-383页

作者： Alejandro LOYDI Flavia AFUNK andrés GARCíA Renewable Natural Resources Center of the semi-Arid Zone(CERZOs)–CONICET-UNs Bahia BiancaArgentina Department of Biology Biochemistry and PharmacySouth National UniversityBahfa BiancaArgentina Argentine Institute of Oceanography(IADO) CONICET-UNSBahia BlancaArgentina

Fire is a natural disturbance occurring every few years in many grasslands ecosystems. However, since European colonization, fire has been highly reduced or even suppressed in Argentinean grasslands, fostering ignitable material accumulation. This has led to occasional catastrophic controldemanding fire events, extended for larger areas. The aims of this work are to study vegetation recovery and change after a non-natural fire event in mountain grasslands. The study area is located in the Ventania mountain system, mid-eastern Argentina. We studied vegetation recovery after fire(January 2014) in two different communities: grass-steppes(grasslands) and shrub-steppes(open low shrublands). We measured vegetation cover, species richness and bare ground percentage in burned and unburned areas 1, 4, 8, 11 and 23 months after fire. Vegetation surveys were also performed at the end of the growing season(December) 11 and 23 months after fire. Data were analyzed using regression analysis, ANOVA and multivariate analysis(NMs, PERMANOVA). Both communities increased their vegetation cover at the same rate, without differences between burned and unburned areas after two years. species richness was higher in shrublands and their recovery was alsofaster than in grasslands. Considering functional composition, besides transient changes during the first year after fire, there were no differences in abundance of different functional vegetation groups two years after fire. At the same time, shrublands showed no differences in species composition, while grasslands had a different species composition in burned and unburned plots. Also, burned grassland showed a higher species richness than unburned grassland. Data shown mountain vegetation in Pampas grassland is adapted to fire, recovering cover and richness rapidly after fire and thus reducing soil erosion risks. Vegetation in mountain Pampas seems to be well adapted to fire, but in grasslands species composition has changed due to fire.

关键词： Amelichloa caudata Forbs Grass Natural grassland Nassella trichotoma Piedmont valleys shrubs sierra de la Ventana Vegetation functional groups

Human condition monitoring in hazardous locations using pervasive RFID sensor tags and energy-efficient wireless networks

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Journal of Zhejiang University-science C(Computers and Electronics) 2012年第9期13卷 674-688页

作者： Javier G.EsCRIBANO andrés GARCIA Autolog Group Industrial Engineering SchoolUniversity of Castilla-La ManchaAvda.Camilo José Cela s/n13071 Ciudad RealSpain

Tracking persons in dangerous situations as well as monitoring their physical condition, is often crucial for their safety. The systems commonly used for this purpose do not include individual monitoring or are too expensive and intrusive to be deployed in common situations. In this project, a mobile system based on energy-efficient wireless sensor networks (WsNs) and active radio frequency identification (RFID) has been developed to achieve ubiquitous positioning and monitoring of people in hazardous situations. The system designed can identify each individual, locate him/her, send data regarding their physical situation, and ascertain whether they are located in a confined space. A new algorithm called time division double beacon scheduling (TDDBs) has been implemented to increase operation time and data transmission rate of the nodes in the system. The results show that the use of this system allows us to find the location and state of a person, as well as to provide an analysis of the potential risks at each moment, in real time and in an energy-efficient way. In an emergency, the system also allows for quicker intervention, as it not only provides the location and causes of the event, but also informs about the physical condition of the individual at that moment.

关键词： Active RFID Wireless sensor networks (WsNs) ZigBee Human monitoring Time division double beacon sched-uling (TDDBs)

Engineering of immunoinstructive extracellular matrices for enhanced osteoinductivity

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第6期24卷 174-184页

作者： andrés García-García sébastien Pigeot Ivan Martin Department of Biomedicine University Hospital BaselUniversity of Basel4031BaselSwitzerland Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Basel4123AllschwillSwitzerland

The increasing recognition of the contribution of the immune system to activate and prime regeneration implies that tissue engineering strategies and biomaterials design should target regulation of early immunological *** previously proposed the cell-based engineering and devitalization of extracellular matrices(ECMs)as a strategy to generate implant materials delivering custom-defined ***,in the context of bone regeneration,we aimed at enhancing the osteoinductivity of such ECMs by enriching their immunomodulatory factors *** with IL1βa cell line overexpressing BMP-2 enabled engineering of ECMs preserving osteoinductive signals and containing larger amounts of angiogenic(VEGF)and pro-inflammatory molecules(IL6,IL8 and MCP1).Upon implantation,these IL1β-induced materials enhanced processes typical of the inflammatory phase(e.g.,vascular invasion,osteoclast recruitment and differentiation),leading to‘regenerative’events(e.g.,M2 macrophage polarization)and ultimately resulting in faster and more efficient bone *** results bear relevance towards the manufacturing of potent off-the-shelf osteoinductive materials and outline the broader paradigm of engineering immunoinstructive implants to enhance tissue regeneration.

关键词： Immunomodulation Bone tissue engineering Inflammation Hypertrophic cartilage matrices Osteoinduction

Assessing the Impact of Physical Configuration and Lead Time on WRF Forecasting of an Extreme Wind Event

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2025年第1期 154-171页

作者： Rocío OTERO Matías sUáREZ Edgardo PIEROBON Leandro MATURANO Ignacio MONTAMAT Juan Ezequiel sANCHEZ Lucía sANDALIO andrés RODRIGUEZ Denis POFFO Hydrometeorology Laboratory Department of Exact Physical and Natural Sciences National University of Córdoba Institute for Advanced studies in Engineering and Technology National Scientific and Technical Research Council Radar and Remote sensing Laboratory Department of Mathematics Astronomy Physics and Computer Science National University of Córdoba

The central region of Argentina is known to be a source of some most extreme weather events in the world, which are partially associated with the passage of cold fronts accompanied often by extreme wind gusts. This may cause severe property damage and even loss of human life. Nevertheless, there is a lack of studies that evaluate the performance of the numerical weather prediction(NWP) models such as weather research and forecasting(WRF) model in anticipating this type of weather in the region. This study compares the performance of the operational WRF in Argentina using four combinations of various planetary boundary layer(PBL) and microphysics parameterization schemes under varied lead times in predicting an extreme wind event(gusts > 30 m s-1) in Central Argentina. The results demonstrate that the WRF model is capable of providing an acceptable prediction of wind speed during an extreme event. It is found that no single combination outperforms the others, although there is a slight tendency for Combination A, which utilizes the Mellor–Yamada–Janjic(MYJ) parameterization for the PBL and the Eta similarity parameterization for the surface layer, to more accurately capture the extreme wind speed. Compared with wind gust observations at five weather stations, the wind gust parameterization predicted the intensity and occurrence time of the peak wind, with an acceptable bias(time of peak sis of grid configurations(resolutions of 4 vs9/3/1 km) revealed that higher resolution does not imply an improvement in the wind gust forecast for this particular event. With regard to lead time, a shorter lead time does not necessarily result in more accurate forecasts. Nevertheless, it is beneficial to conduct multiple sensitivity runs in order to obtain and understand the dispersion of forecasted wind speeds.

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semantic segmentation of Lumbar Vertebrae Using Meijering U-Net(MU-Net)on spine Magnetic Resonance Images

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2025年第1期142卷 733-757页

作者： Lakshmi s V V shiloah Elizabeth Darmanayagam sunil Retmin Raj Cyril Department of Computer science and Engineering College of Engineering GuindyAnna UniversityChennai600025India Department of Information Technology Madras Institute of TechnologyAnna UniversityChrompetChennai600044India

Lower back pain is one of the most common medical problems in the world and it is experienced by a huge percentage of people *** to its ability to produce a detailed view of the soft tissues,including the spinal cord,nerves,intervertebral discs,and vertebrae,Magnetic Resonance Imaging is thought to be the most effective method for imaging the *** semantic segmentation of vertebrae plays a major role in the diagnostic process of lumbar *** is difficult to semantically partition the vertebrae in Magnetic Resonance Images from the surrounding variety of tissues,including muscles,ligaments,and intervertebral discs.U-Net is a powerful deep-learning architecture to handle the challenges of medical image analysis tasks and achieves high segmentation *** work proposes a modified U-Net architecture namely MU-Net,consisting of the Meijering convolutional layer that incorporates the Meijering filter to perform the semantic segmentation of lumbar vertebrae L1 to L5 and sacral vertebra ***-colour mask images were generated and used as ground truth for training the *** work has been carried out on 1312 images expanded from T1-weighted mid-sagittal MRI images of 515 patients in the Lumbar spine MRI Dataset publicly available from Mendeley *** proposed MU-Net model for the semantic segmentation of the lumbar vertebrae gives better performance with 98.79%of pixel accuracy(PA),98.66%of dice similarity coefficient(DsC),97.36%of Jaccard coefficient,and 92.55%mean Intersection over Union(mean IoU)metrics using the mentioned dataset.

关键词： Computer aided diagnosis(CAD) magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) semantic segmentation lumbar vertebrae deep learning U-Net model

Object removal from complex videos using a few annotations

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Computational visual Media 2019年第3期5卷 267-291页

作者： Thuc Trinh Le andrés Almansa Yann Gousseau simon Masnou LTCI T′el′ecom ParisTechUniversit′e Paris-Saclay75013 ParisFrance MAP5 CNRS&Universit′e Paris Descartes75006 ParisFrance Univ Lyon Universit′e Claude Bernard Lyon 1CNRS UMR 5208Institut Camille Jordan69622 VilleurbanneFrance

We present a system for the removal of objects from videos. As input, the system only needs a user to draw a few strokes on the first frame, roughly delimiting the objects to be removed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first system allowing the semi-automatic removal of objects from videos with complex backgrounds. The key steps of our system are the following: after initialization, segmentation masks are first refined and then automatically propagated through the video. Missing regions are then synthesized using video inpainting techniques. Our system can deal with multiple, possibly crossing objects, with complex motions, and with dynamic textures. This results in a computational tool that can alleviate tedious manual operations for editing high-quality videos.

关键词： object removal object segmentation object tracking video inpainting video completion

Impact of Zika virus non-structural protein mutations on hippocampal damage

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2307-2308页

作者： Larissa M.G.Cassiano Roney s.Coimbra Neurogenômica/Imunopatologia Instituto RenéRachouFiocruzBelo HorizonteBrazil Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia Instituto de Ciências BiológicasUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil

The Zika virus(ZIKV),a member of the Flaviviridae family,attracted worldwide attention for its connection to severe neurological effects,notably microcephaly in newborns,first reported during the 2015 epidemic in ***,its impact goes beyond fetal and neonatal abnormalities,also affecting the central nervous system(CNs)in both children and adults,leading to enduring cognitive and behavioral impairments.

关键词： damage fetal neonatal

In vitro effect of amoxicillin and clarithromycin on the 3' region of cagA gene in Helicobacter pylori isolates

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第36期19卷 6044-6054页

作者： Javier andrés Bustamante-Rengifo andrés Januer Matta Alvaro Pazos Luis Eduardo Bravo Registro Poblacional de Cáncer de Cali Department of Pathology School of Medicine Universidad del Valle Department of Biology Universidad de Nario

AIM:To evaluate the in vitro effect of amoxicillin and clarithromycin on the cag pathogenicity island(cag PAI).METHODs:One hundred and forty-nine clinical isolates of Helicobacter pylori(***)cultured from gastric biopsies from 206 Colombian patients with dyspeptic symptoms from a high-risk area for gastric cancer were included as study *** susceptibility was determined by the agar dilution *** isolates at baseline and in amoxicillin and clarithromycin serial dilutions were subjected to genotyping(cagA,vacA alleles s and m),Glu-Pro-Ile-Tyr-Ala(EPIYA)polymerase chain reaction and random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD).Images of the RAPD amplicons were analyzed by Gel-Pro Analyzer *** analyses was done using sPss 15.0statistical package,where each of the fingerprint bands were denoted as *** were designed by following Ward’s clustering method and the estimation of distances between each pair of *** isolates was calculated with the squared Euclidean ***:Resistance rates were 4%for amoxicillin and 2.7%for clarithromycin with 2%double *** evidenced a high prevalence of the genotype cagA-positive/vacA *** 3’region of cagA gene was successfully amplified in 92.3%(12/13)of the baseline resistant isolates and in 60%(36/60)of the resistant isolates growing in antibiotic *** observing the distribution of the number of EPIYA repetitions in each dilution with respect to baseline isolates,it was found that in 61.5%(8/13)of the baseline isolates,a change in the number of EPIYA repetitions lowered antibiotic *** gain and loss of EPIYA motifs resulted in a diversity of *** subclones after bacterial adjustment to changing conditions product of antibiotic *** PCR evidenced the close clonal relationship between baseline isolates and isolates growing in antibiotic ***:Antibiotic pressure does not induce loss of the cag pathoge

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Antimicrobial susceptibility cag pathogenicity island cagA 3’region Random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction