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seasonal variation and host sex affect bat–bat fly interaction networks in the Amazonian savannahs

Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 400-416页

作者： Paulo MEJIA Gustavo Lima URBIETA Bruna da silva XAVIER IsaíJorge de CAsTRO JoséJúlio DE TOLEDO Gustavo GRACIOLLI Lucio andréVIANA DIAs William Douglas CARVALHO Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Tropical Universidade Federal do Amapá(UNIFAP)MacapáAPBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Instituto de BiologiaCentro de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro(UFRJ)Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil Laboratório de Mamíferos Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Estado do Amapá(IEPA)MacapáAPBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal Laboratório de SistemáticaEcologia e Evolução(LSEE)Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul(UFMS)Campo GrandeMTBrazil Terre.trial Ecology Group(TEG-UAM) Departamento de EcologíaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global(CIBC-UAM) Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain

Bats are.the second-most diverse group of mammals in the world,and bat flies are.their main ***,significant knowledge gaps re.ain re.arding these antagonistic interactions,especially since diverse factors such as seasonality and host sex can affect their network ***,we explore.the influence of such factors by comparing species richness and composition of bat flies on host bats,as well as specialization and modularity of bat–bat fly interaction networks between seasons and adult host *** capture. bats and collected their ectoparasitic flies at 10 sampling sites in the savannahs of Amapástate,northeastern re.ion of the Brazilian *** female bats being more.parasitized and re.ording gre.ter bat fly species richness in the wet season,neither re.ationship was statistically *** pooled network could be divided into 15 compartments with 54 links,and all subnetworks comprised>12 *** total number of links ranged from 27 to 48(for the dry and wet seasons,re.pectively),and female and male subnetworks had 44 and 41 links,*** values were.very low for the pooled network and for all *** re.ults re.ealed higher bat fly species richness and abundance in the wet season,where.s specialization and modularity were.higher in the dry ***,the subnetwork for female bats displayed higher specialization and modularity than the male ***,both seasonality and host sex contribute in differe.t ways to bat–bat fly network *** studies should consider these factors when evaluating bat–bat fly interaction networks.

关键词： Amapá Amazon biome bat flies bats interaction networks

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尼泊尔桑可西河流域新格地子流域滑坡评价

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Journal of re.ources and Ecology 2024年第2期15卷 431-438页

作者： BAsNET Bhuwan JOsHI Rajeev sHARMA ram Prasad sUBEDI Rajan 特里布万大学林业研究所(博卡拉校区) 尼泊尔博卡拉33700 尼泊尔农林大学自然资源管理学院林学系尼泊尔卡塔里56310

山体滑坡是尼泊尔山区的主要灾害,主要是由于其脆弱的地貌、强烈的降雨、不当的土地管理和在修建山区道路过程中没有采取必要的稳定措施所导致的。由于频繁的山体滑坡,下游地区人类的生命财产遭受了巨大损失,并导致生态系统生产力和功... 详细信息

山体滑坡是尼泊尔山区的主要灾害,主要是由于其脆弱的地貌、强烈的降雨、不当的土地管理和在修建山区道路过程中没有采取必要的稳定措施所导致的。由于频繁的山体滑坡,下游地区人类的生命财产遭受了巨大损失,并导致生态系统生产力和功能下降,河道泥沙淤积。土地利用与土地覆被、地形、道路、排水、地质环境和降雨等多种空间因素与滑坡的发生紧密相关,并决定了该地区滑坡的易感性。了解滑坡现象及其引发的相关因素,对于采取适当的预防、控制和恢复措施至关重要。本研究在尼泊尔桑科西河流域的新格地子流域进行,旨在了解滑坡危害、引发的相关因素以及为最大限度地减少可能的危害而采取的最佳预防策略。滑坡评估是通过使用时序谷歌影像和实地调查,对滑坡体进行识别和数字化来进行的。利用GIs软件对滑坡危险性进行评估,编制影响因子图,并对现场观测数据进行分析的基础上,计算了滑坡的规模。此外,在相关家庭的问卷调查(n=60)中,进行目的性抽样,探讨人们对山体滑坡、对生计资产的主要影响因素的看法。并采用Friedman非参数检验评估滑坡对当地人感知的最主要影响因素。根据现场调查,在研究区域的不同位置共调查了46处滑坡体,滑坡总面积为4.77km^(2)。通过使用Friedman检验的比较矩阵分析,本研究确定了滑坡发生的主要原因是农村道路、施工、边坡因素、降雨和土地利用与土地覆被。距离道路200-500 m造成最高比率的滑坡灾害,东南方向坡度30°-45°的山体对滑坡的易感性最高。与其他土地利用相比,因为在林内松软地区修建道路,茂密的森林更易受到山体滑坡的影响。比较道路建设前后滑坡的影响,约80%的受访者认为对滑坡有重要影响。

关键词：滑坡灾害滑坡评估滑坡因素分析

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Is it possible to run after positive affective experiences instead of health benefits without tackling social inequalities?

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Journal of sport and Health science 2024年第6期13卷 756-758页

作者： Raphael H.O.Araujo andre O.Werneck Gilmar M.de Jesus Danilo R.P.silva Graduation Program in Health sciences Londrina State UniversityLondrina 86057-970Brazil school of Public Health The University of QueenslandBrisbane QLD 4006Australia Center for Epidemiological re.earch in Nutrition and Health Department of NutritionSchool of Public HealthUniversidade de S~ao Paulo(USP)Sao Paulo 01246-904Brazil Department of Psychological Medicine Institute of PsychiatryPsychology and NeuroscienceKing’s College LondonLondon SE58AFUK Public Health Post-Graduate Program State University of Feira de SantanaFeira de Santana 44036-900Brazil Department of Physical Education Federal University of SergipeSao Cristov~ao 490100-000Brazil

We re.ently re.d the opinion piece titled“Why people should run after positive affective experiences instead of health benefits”,which was carried out by Maltagliati et al.^(1)and published in the Journal of sport and Health *** article started an important discussion about a physical activity(PA)promotion approach that encourages the use of affective experience to PA *** we agre. with the authors’point of view and believe that its message can generate an important insight for PA promotion,the authors pre.ented a scenario where.behavior change seems to be exclusively dependent on the *** the existence of other barriers to an active lifestyle(e.g.,social inequalities)could enhance the authors’suggested approach because many people live in conditions that re.uce their opportunities to engage in affective experiences re.ated to PA;furthermore.affective experiences can vary depending on individual context.

关键词： promotion inequalities furthermore

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当代中国人群牙齿可观测特征的多样性研究

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基因组学与应用生物学 2024年第1期43卷 150-171页

作者：罗浩陈颖洁杨光睿 Kaustubh Adhikari 夏斌 andrés Ruiz-Linare. Miguel Delgado 复旦大学生命科学学院现代人类学教育部重点实验室人类遗传学与人类学系上海200438 开放大学科学技术工程和数学学院数学与统计学院英国伦敦MK76AA 北京大学口腔医学院北京100086 拉普拉塔国立大学自然科学及博物馆学院人类学科阿根廷拉普拉塔1900

本研究基于当代中国人群3D牙齿模型数据,参照拉美人群进化和多样性研究联合会(consortium for the analysis of the diversity and evolution of Latin America,CANDELA)所使用的牙齿特征点标记方法,使用牙齿特征点间的欧几里得线性距离... 详细信息

本研究基于当代中国人群3D牙齿模型数据,参照拉美人群进化和多样性研究联合会(consortium for the analysis of the diversity and evolution of Latin America,CANDELA)所使用的牙齿特征点标记方法,使用牙齿特征点间的欧几里得线性距离(Euclidean linear distances,ELD)表示的牙齿表型作为牙齿可观测特征的度量,探究个体因素(年龄、性别)和群体因素(民族)对当代中国人群牙齿可观测特征多样性的影响。通过对牙齿标记特征点的典型变量分析(canonical variate analysis,CVA)、交叉验证(cross validation,CV)、主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)以及对牙齿表型的Pearson相关性分析和差异分析,本研究发现进化上相近的群体牙齿可观测特征往往更接近。具体来说,汉族的上颌牙齿可观测特征和壮族、苗族较为接近而不同于蒙古族的,而藏族的上、下颌牙齿可观测特征不同于维吾尔族的;南北中汉族牙齿表型的差异具有明确的方向性,下颌牙齿差异比上颌更明显;从性别角度看,男女牙齿表型差异主要体现在尖牙上,男性尖牙平均宽度和高度显著大于女性的;对不同年龄群体的差异分析表明,遗传外因素对牙齿可观测特征的影响主要体现在尖牙、上颌第一磨牙、下颌第一前磨牙上。

关键词：当代中国人群牙齿可观测特征表型差异

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Evaluation of Clinical Characteristics and Plasma Cortisol Concentrations in Individuals with COVID-19 and Post-COVID syndrome

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Case re.orts in Clinical Medicine 2024年第1期13卷 12-24页

作者： David Alejandro García López stephania ramos Hernández Yamile López-Hernández María Argelia López Luna Elena Donaji ramíre. Alvarado Rosa María ramíre. santoyo sergio Hugo sánchez Rodríguez Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Neurobiología Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas México Zacatecas Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químicas Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas México Zacatecas Laboratorio de Metabolómica y Proteómica Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas México Zacatecas Laboratorio de Bacterias y Hongos filamentosos Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas México Zacatecas

COVID-19 generates systematic alterations in humans both in active stages of infection and over time, called post-COVID syndrome. Cortisol is a hormone that is overe.pre.sed in inflammation and cellular stre.s processes. Its main function is to re.urn to physiological homeostasis, so its evaluation together with other clinical parameters can allow us to determine the degre. of systemic affectation by COVID-19. Objective: To evaluate changes in clinical parameters and plasma cortisol concentrations in patients with active COVID-19 and post-COVID syndrome. Material and Methods: Healthy patients, in stages of mild infection, critical and with post-COVID syndrome, were.re.ruited, obtaining, through clinical diagnoses and interviews, their main clinical characteristics, in addition to plasma, in which cortisol concentrations were.determined using competitive ELIsA. re.ults: The critical stage group had higher fre.uencies of comorbidities, clinical symptoms, as well as more.altere. laboratory parameters compare. to the other subgroups. In the post-COVID syndrome group after the initial infection, most laboratory parameters re.overe., however, several clinical symptoms re.ained latent over time. The determination of cortisol showed an incre.se in its concentration, being higher in patients in critical stage and with post-COVID syndrome. Conclusion: COVID-19 disease generates clinical alterations that trigger an incre.se in plasma cortisol. These alterations incre.se as the stages of infection become more.severe.and some of them re.ain altere. in patients with post-COVID syndrome.

关键词： COVID-19 Cortisol Post-COVID syndrome

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Heavy Metals in Agricultural soils of Constanza, Jarabacoa, san José de Ocoa, Azua, Barahona and san Juan de la Maguana, Dominican re.ublic, 2022

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第1期12卷 64-79页

作者： ramón Delanoy Carime Matos-Espinosa Yamilesa Herre.a de los santos Institute of Physics Autonomous University of Santo Domingo Santo Domingo Dominican Republic Ministry of Higher Education Science and Technology Santo Domingo Dominican Republic

The objective of this study was to establish a baseline for future.studies that aim to determine possible contamination from human, agricultural and industrial activities. As well as the determination of the indices of environmental or geological contamination and enrichment factors of heavy metals Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Hg and Pb in agricultural soils of Constanza, Jarabacoa, Rancho Arriba and san José de Ocoa (sJO), municipalities located in the valleys of the Central mountain range of the Dominican re.ublic. The determination of the concentrations of heavy metals was carried out using the X-ray Fluore.cence technique. Just like in Azua, san Juan de la Maguana (sJM) y Barahona in the southwest. Producer municipalities of vegetables, rice, beans, corn, melon, watermelon, tomato, banana, avocado, sugar cane and fodder for cattle. The concentration of 160 mg·kgsup>-1sup> Probable Effect Level (PEL) of Cr according to the sQuiRTs table (UsEPA-NOAA) for agricultural soils, were.exceeded in 50% of the samples in sJM, sJO, Jarabacoa and Constanza;in Barahona and Azua by 20%. The PEL of 42.8 mg·kg-1sup>sup>sup> of the Ni was higher in more.than 50% of the samples from sJM, Azua, Barahona and Jarabacoa;in sJO and Constanza at 35%. In the case of Cu with a PEL of 108 mg·kg-1sup>sup>sup> in sJO and Constanza, 5% of the samples exceeded its, in the other are.s the concentrations were.lower. Zn, As and Pb did not manage to exceed their re.pective PEL.

关键词： soil Heavy Metals Constanza Azua X-Ray Fluore.cence

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Impact of pre. and peri-operative risk factors on length of stay and hospital re.dmission following minimally-invasive partial nephre.tomy

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第1期11卷 72-79页

作者： Vanessa A.Lukas Rahul Dutta Ashok K.Hemal Matvey Tsivian Timothy E.Craven Nicholas A.Deebel David D.Thiel ram Anil Pathak Brigham and Women's Hospital Division of UrologyDepartment of Surgery75 Francis StreetBostonMAUSA Atrium Health Wake Fore.t Baptist Medical Center Department of Urology1 Medical Center BlvdWinston-SalemNCUSA Mayo Clinic Florida Department of Urology4500 San Pablo RoadJacksonvilleFLUSA

Objective:We conducted an analysis of the American College of surgeons National surgical Quality Improvement Program database for minimally-invasive partial nephre.tomy cases re.orted with the goal to identify pre.and peri-operative variables associated with length of stay(LOs)gre.ter than 3 days and re.dmission within 30 ***:re.ords from 2008 to 2018 for“laparoscopy,surgical;partial nephre.tomy”for prolonged LOs and re.dmission cohorts were.*** analysis with Chi-square.t-tests,and multivariable logistic re.re.sion analysis with odds ratios(ORs),p-values,and 95%confidence intervals assessed statistical ***:Totally,20306 re.ords for LOs gre.ter than 3 days and 15854 for re.dmission within 30 days were.*** and multivariable analysis exhibited similar *** LOs gre.ter than 3 days,undergoing non-elective surgery(OR=5.247),transfusion of gre.ter than four units within 72 h prior to surgery(OR=5.072),pre.operative re.al failure.or dialysis(OR=2.941),and poor pre.operative functional status(OR=2.540)exhibited the strongest statistically significant *** hospital re.dmission within 30 days,loss in body weight gre.ter than 10%in 6 months prior to surgery(OR=2.227)and bleeding disorders(OR=2.081)exhibited strongest statistically significant ***:Multiple pre.and peri-operative risk factors are.independently associated with prolonged LOs and hospital re.dmission within 30 days of surgery using the American College of surgeons National surgical Quality Improvement Program *** the risks factors that can potentially be improved prior to minimally-invasive partial nephre.tomy is crucial to informing patient selection,optimization strategies,and patient education.

关键词： Minimally-invasive partial nephre.tomy The American College of surgeons National surgical Quality Improvement Program Lengthof stay Hospital re.dmission

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Plant growth and metabolism of exotic and native Crotalaria species for mine land re.abilitation in the Amazon

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Journal of Fore.try re.earch 2024年第1期35卷 143-154页

作者： Hemelyn soare. das Chagas Rafael silva Guedes Markus Gastauer Paula Godinho Ribeiro Allan Klynger da silva Lobato Cecílio Frois Caldeira Fabrício William deÁvila andréRodrigues dos re.s silvio Junio ramos Instituto Tecnológico Vale Rua Boaventura da Silva955BelémPA 66055-090Brazil Universidade Federal do sul e sudeste do Pará XinguaraPABrazil Núcleo de Pesquisa Vegetal Básica e Aplicada Universidade Federal Rural da AmazôniaParagominasPABrazil Departamento de Engenharia Flore.tal Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste/UNICENTROIratiPRBrazil school of sciences and Engineering São Paulo State University(UNESP)TupãSP.CEP 17602-496Brazil

Despite its enormous benefits,mining is re.pon-sible for intense changes to vegetation and soil ***,after extraction,it is necessary to re.abilitate the mined are.s,cre.ting better conditions for the establishment of plant species which is *** study evaluated mineral and organic fertilization on the growth,and carbon and nitrogen(N)metabolism of two Crotalaria species[Cro-talaria spectabilis(exotic species)and Crotalaria maypu-re.sis(native species from Carajás Mineral Province(CMP)]established on a waste pile from an iron mine in CMP.A control(without fertilizer application)and six fertilization mixture. were.tested(i=NPK;ii=NPK+micronutrients;iii=NPK+micronutrients+organic compost;iv=PK;v=PK+micronutrients;vi=PK+micronutrients+organic compost).Fertilization contributed to incre.sed growth of both species,and tre.tments with NPK and micronutrients had the best re.ults(up to 257%***),while organic fertilization did not show *** Crotalaria had a gre.ter number of nodules,higher nodule dry mass,chlorophyll a and b contents and showed fre. ammonium as the pre.ominant N form,re.lecting gre.ter incre.ents in biomass compare. to native *** having lower growth,the use of this native species in the re.abilitation of mining are.s should be considere.,mainly because it has good development and meets curre.t government legislation as an opportunity to re.tore.local biodiversity.

关键词： Biological nitrogen fixation Mining Nitrogen metabolism Plant nutrition

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互利作用促进了高山树线幼苗的存活

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2024年第3期17卷 115-127页

作者： Wensheng Chen Jiangrong Li Jesús Julio Camare.o Huihui Ding Fangwei Fu Yueyao Li Xiangyu Zheng Xiaoxia Li Wei shen shalik ram sigdel steven W.Leavitt Eryuan Liang Institute of Tibet Plateau Ecology Tibet Agricultural&Animal Husbandry UniversityNyingchi 860000China Key Laboratory of Fore.t Ecology in Tibet Plateau(Tibet Agricultural&Animal Husbandry University) Ministry of EducationNyingchi 860000China National Fore.t Ecosystem Observation&re.earch station of Nyingchi Tibet Nyingchi 860000China Key Laboratory of Alpine Vegetation Ecological security in Tibet Nyingchi 860000China Zhejiang Zhoushan Archipelago Observation and re.earch station Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Stationand Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-RestorationSchool of Ecological and Environmental SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China state Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth system Resources and Environment(TPESRE)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Instituto Pire.aico de Ecología(IPE-CsIC) Zaragoza 50059Spain Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Pre.ention Key Laboratory of JiangHuai Arable Land Resources Protection and Eco-restorationMinistry of Natural ResourcesCollege of Resources and EnvironmentAnhui Agricultural UniversityHefei 230036China Laboratory of Tre.-Ring re.earch University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA

高山树线被视为记录气候变化对树木和森林影响的生态监测器。迄今为止,大多数树线研究都集中在气候变化如何驱动树线动态的变化。然而,关于生物相互作用如何调节树线变化,特别是在树木更新这一树线动态的瓶颈方面,人们知之甚少。本研究... 详细信息

高山树线被视为记录气候变化对树木和森林影响的生态监测器。迄今为止,大多数树线研究都集中在气候变化如何驱动树线动态的变化。然而,关于生物相互作用如何调节树线变化,特别是在树木更新这一树线动态的瓶颈方面,人们知之甚少。本研究假设种间和种内促进作用决定了高山树线树苗的定居和存活。为了验证这一假设,我们在青藏高原东南部的色季拉山高山树线交错区(海拔4300–4500 m)的3个生长生境(林冠内、林冠外和草地)中共计移植了630株不同年龄(4–6年、7–9年和10–15年)的急尖长苞冷杉(Abies georgei ***)幼苗,连续3年监测了移植后幼苗的微气候、高度生长、死亡率和叶片功能性状。结果发现,叶片功能性状的变化是由微气候驱动的。移植后,叶片可溶性糖和淀粉浓度以及C:P比增加,而叶面积减小。幼苗的资源利用逐渐转向更保守的策略,其背后机制主要受到了生理性状(非结构性碳水化合物和植物养分)的介导。同时,由结构方程模型发现太阳辐射、温度和水分条件在植物相互作用下,通过介导叶片形态性状的变化最终影响了幼苗的死亡率和年生长。上述研究结果表明,植物间的互利作用通过改变太阳辐射和叶片功能性状,最终在决定幼苗生长和存活上起到至关重要的作用,同时也为理解全球气候变化背景下高山树线动态变化的驱动机制提供了新的见解。

关键词：青藏高原移栽实验叶片功能性状太阳辐射

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Effect of Eu3+,Bi3+,and Li+ doping on luminescent property of GdNbO4

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Journal of Rare.Earths 2024年第1期42卷 66-75页

作者： s.W.Wi Y.s.Lee Department of Physics and Integrative Institute of Basic sciences Soongsil University

We investigated the emission properties of Eu3+-doped GdNbO4-based oxide phosphors,aiming at improving the Eu3+emission by codoping of Bi3+and Li+.Eu3+singly doped,Eu3+and Bi3+doubly doped,and Eu3+,Bi3+,and Li+triply doped GdNbO4were.pre.are. using a high-temperature.solid-state re.ction *** re.-orange emissions from Eu3+in the singly doped samples are.significantly improved by the codoping of Bi3+,mainly due to the energy transfer from Bi3+to Eu3+.The additional codoping of Li+is found to incre.se the Eu3+emission *** improvement might be attributed to the incre.se in the photoluminescent quantum yield originating from larger grain sizes and better crystallinity.A detailed analysis of the X-ray diffraction pattern and the asymmetric ratio estimated from the photoluminescence spectra show that the local lattice environment around Eu3+in GdNbO4does not change significantly with the codoping of Bi3+and Li+.Our re.ults indicate that Li+doping is a promising way to improve the emission properties of rare.earth ion-doped GdNbO4phosphors.

关键词： Eu 3+ GdNbO 4 Codoping of Li + Photoluminescence sensitizer Rare.earths

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