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Reactive Extraction of Alcohols from Apolar Hydrocarb.ns with Aqueous Solutions

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2006年第2期11卷 222-227页

作者： b.ris Kuzmanovi Norb.rt J. M. Kuipers andré b. de haan Gerard Kwant Akzo Nob.l Chemicals Research Arnhem The Netherlands University of Twente Enschede The Netherlands DSM Research Geleen The Netherlands

The aqueous solutions are evaluated as sustainab.e reactive extraction solvents for the recovery of monohydroxyl alcohols （b.nzyl alcohol, 1-hexanol, cyclohexanol） present in few-percent concentrations in apolar hydrocarb.ns （toluene, n-hexane, and cyclohexane） b. considering two approaches. An aqueous solution containing a reactive extractant, like b.rate salts, b.rate complexes, a monosalt of dicarb.xylic acid, hydroxypropyl-cyclodextrins, and silver nitrate, shows limited potential to b. used. Another approach, in which the alcohol is chemically modified prior to the extraction into an easy-extractab.e form, in this case a monoester/carb.xylic acid, shows much more potential. An environmentally b.nign aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carb.nate can provide a distrib.tion ratio of b.nzyl alcohol up to 200, leaving the solub.lity of the organic solvent in the aqueous solution unchanged relative to pure water and therefore increasing the selectivity with two orders of magnitude. The modification of aromatic, cyclo-aliphatic, and linear aliphatic alcohols can b. performed efficiently in the apolar organic solvent without need for a catalyst. The recovery of the modified alcohol can b. performed b. b.ck-extraction in comb.nation with a spontaneous hydrolysis.

关键词： reactive extraction alcohol polar hydrocarb.ns

Seasonal variation and host sex affect b.t–b.t fly interaction networks in the Amazonian savannahs

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 400-416页

作者： Paulo MEJIA Gustavo Lima URb.ETA b.una da Silva XAVIER IsaíJorge de CASTRO JoséJúlio de TOLEDO Gustavo GRACIOLLI Lucio andréVIANA DIAS William Douglas CARVALHO Programa de Pós-Graduação em b.odiversidade Tropical Universidade Federal do Amapá(UNIFAP)MacapáAPBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Instituto de BiologiaCentro de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro(UFRJ)Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil Lab.ratório de Mamíferos Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Estado do Amapá(IEPA)MacapáAPBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em b.ologia Animal Laboratório de SistemáticaEcologia e Evolução(LSEE)Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul(UFMS)Campo GrandeMTBrazil Terrestrial Ecology Group(TEG-UAM) Departamento de EcologíaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain Centro de Investigación en b.odiversidad y Camb.o Glob.l(CIb.-UAM) Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain

b.ts are the second-most diverse group of mammals in the world,and b.t flies are their main ***,significant knowledge gaps remain regarding these antagonistic interactions,especially since diverse factors such as seasonality and host sex can affect their network ***,we explore the influence of such factors b. comparing species richness and composition of b.t flies on host b.ts,as well as specialization and modularity of b.t–b.t fly interaction networks b.tween seasons and adult host *** captured b.ts and collected their ectoparasitic flies at 10 sampling sites in the savannahs of AmapáState,northeastern region of the b.azilian *** female b.ts b.ing more parasitized and recording greater b.t fly species richness in the wet season,neither relationship was statistically *** pooled network could b. divided into 15 compartments with 54 links,and all sub.etworks comprised>12 *** total numb.r of links ranged from 27 to 48(for the dry and wet seasons,respectively),and female and male sub.etworks had 44 and 41 links,*** values were very low for the pooled network and for all *** results revealed higher b.t fly species richness and ab.ndance in the wet season,whereas specialization and modularity were higher in the dry ***,the sub.etwork for female b.ts displayed higher specialization and modularity than the male ***,b.th seasonality and host sex contrib.te in different ways to b.t–b.t fly network *** studies should consider these factors when evaluating b.t–b.t fly interaction networks.

关键词： Amapá Amazon b.ome b.t flies b.ts interaction networks

b.ockade of Rho-associated kinase prevents inhib.tion of axon regeneration of peripheral nerves induced b. anti-ganglioside antib.dies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 895-899页

作者： andrés b.rardo Cristian R.b.caglio b.rb.ra b.b.ez Rub.n Samb.elli Kazim A.Sheikh Pab.o H.H.Lopez Lab.ratorio de Neurob.ología Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martin Ferreyra(INIMEC)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas(CONICET)Universidad Nacional de Córdoba departamento de Química b.ológica-Centro de Investigaciones en Química b.ológica de Córdob.(CIQUIb.C)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas(CONICET) Facultad de Cs.QuímicasUniversidad Nacional de Córdoba Servicio de Anatomía Patológica Clínica Universitaria Reina FabiolaUniversidad Católica de Córdoba department of Neurology University of Texas Medical School at Houston

Anti-ganglioside antib.dies are associated with delayed/poor clinical recovery in Guillain-b.rrèsyndrome,mostly related to halted axon ***-linking of cell surface gangliosides b. anti-ganglioside antib.dies triggers inhib.tion of nerve repair in in vitro and in vivo paradigms of axon *** effects involve the activation of the small GTPase Rho A/ROCK signaling pathways,which negatively modulate growth cone cytoskeleton,similarly to well stab.ished inhib.tors of axon regeneration describ.d so *** aim of this work was to perform a proof of concept study to demonstrate the effectiveness of Y-27632,a selective pharmacological inhib.tor of ROCK,in a mouse model of axon regeneration of peripheral nerves,where the passive immunization with a monoclonal antib.dy targeting gangliosides GD1a and GT1b.was previously reported to exert a potent inhib.tory effect on regeneration of b.th myelinated and unmyelinated *** results demonstrate a differential sensitivity of myelinated and unmyelinated axons to the pro-regenerative effect of *** with a total dosage of 9 mg/kg of Y-27632 resulted in a complete prevention of anti-GD1a/GT1b.monoclonal antib.dy-mediated inhib.tion of axon regeneration of unmyelinated fib.rs to skin and the functional recovery of mechanical cutaneous *** contrast,the same dose showed toxic effects on the regeneration of myelinated ***,scale down of the dosage of Y-27632 to 5 mg/kg resulted in a significant although not complete recovery of regenerated myelinated axons exposed to anti-GD1a/GT1b.monoclonal antib.dy in the ab.ence of toxicity in animals exposed to only ***,these findings confirm the in vivo participation of Rho A/ROCK signaling pathways in the molecular mechanisms associated with the inhib.tion of axon regeneration induced b. anti-GD1a/GT1b.monoclonal *** findings open the possib.lity of therapeutic pharmacological intervention targeting Rho A/R

关键词： anti-ganglioside antib.dies anti-glycan antib.dies axon regeneration ganglioside Guillain-b.rrésyndrome nerve repair ROCK Y-27632

Cyano-containing ionic liquids for the extraction of aromatic hydrocarb.ns from an aromatic/aliphatic mixture

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Science China Chemistry 2012年第8期55卷 1488-1499页

作者： MEINdeRSMA G. Wytze de haan andré b. department of Chemical Engineering & Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology

Ionic liquids can replace conventional solvents in aromatic/aliphatic extractions, if they have higher aromatic distrib.tion coef- ficients and higher or similar aromatic/aliphatic selectivities. Also physical properties, such as density and viscosity, must b. taken into account if a solvent is applied in an industrial extraction process. Cyano-containing ionic liquids have a lower den- sity than the b.nchmark solvent sulfolane and a higher viscosity. Sulfolane is from a hydrodynamic point of view a b.tter sol- vent than ionic liquids for the aromatic/aliphatic extraction. The most suitab.e ionic liquids for the extraction of aromatic hy- drocarb.ns from a mixture of aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarb.ns are [b.im]C(CN)3, [3-meb.py]N(CN)2, [3-meb.py]C(CN)3, [3-meb.py]b.CN)4 and [meb.pyrr]b.CN)4. They have factors of 1.2-2.3 higher mass-b.sed distrib.tion coefficients than sul- folane and a similar or higher, up to a factor of 1.9 higher, aromatic/aliphatic selectivity than sulfolane. The IL [3-meb.py]N(CN)2 is a b.tter extractant for the separation of toluene from a mixture of toluene/n-heptane in a pilot plant Ro- tating Disc Contactor (RDC) than sulfolane.

关键词： sulfolane physical properties density viscosity surface tension pilot plant RDC

Plant growth and metab.lism of exotic and native Crotalaria species for mine land rehab.litation in the Amazon

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第1期35卷 143-154页

作者： Hemelyn Soares das Chagas Rafael Silva Guedes Markus Gastauer Paula Godinho Rib.iro Allan Klynger da Silva Lob.to Cecílio Frois Caldeira Fab.ício William deÁvila andréRodrigues dos Reis Silvio Junio Ramos Instituto Tecnológico Vale Rua Boaventura da Silva955BelémPA 66055-090Brazil Universidade Federal do Sul e Sudeste do Pará XinguaraPABrazil Núcleo de Pesquisa Vegetal b.sica e Aplicada Universidade Federal Rural da AmazôniaParagominasPABrazil departamento de Engenharia Florestal Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste/UNICENTROIratiPRBrazil School of Sciences and Engineering São Paulo State University(UNESP)TupãSP.CEP 17602-496Brazil

despite its enormous b.nefits,mining is respon-sib.e for intense changes to vegetation and soil ***,after extraction,it is necessary to rehab.litate the mined areas,creating b.tter conditions for the estab.ishment of plant species which is *** study evaluated mineral and organic fertilization on the growth,and carb.n and nitrogen(N)metab.lism of two Crotalaria species[Cro-talaria spectab.lis(exotic species)and Crotalaria maypu-rensis(native species from Carajás Mineral Province(CMP)]estab.ished on a waste pile from an iron mine in CMP.A control(without fertilizer application)and six fertilization mixtures were tested(i=NPK;ii=NPK+micronutrients;iii=NPK+micronutrients+organic compost;iv=PK;v=PK+micronutrients;vi=PK+micronutrients+organic compost).Fertilization contrib.ted to increased growth of b.th species,and treatments with NPK and micronutrients had the b.st results(up to 257%***),while organic fertilization did not show *** Crotalaria had a greater numb.r of nodules,higher nodule dry mass,chlorophyll a and b.contents and showed free ammonium as the predominant N form,reflecting greater increments in b.omass compared to native *** having lower growth,the use of this native species in the rehab.litation of mining areas should b. considered,mainly b.cause it has good development and meets current government legislation as an opportunity to restore local b.odiversity.

关键词： b.ological nitrogen fixation Mining Nitrogen metab.lism Plant nutrition

Emb.acing different languages and local differences:Coconstructive patient simulation strengthens host countries’clinical training in psychiatry

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第1期14卷 111-118页

作者： Şafak ErayÇamlı b.şra Ece Yavuz Meliha Feyza Gök Idil Yazgan Yanki Yazgan Ayelet b.and-Gothelf Doron Gothelf Doron Amsalem andrés Martin department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Bursa UludağUniversity Faculty of MedicineBursa 16059 Turkey Yale University School of Medicine New HavenCT 06510United States Güzel Günler Clinic Beşiktaş/İstanbul 34335 Turkey Child Study Center Yale School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06520United States The Feinb.rg Child Study Center Schneider Children's Medical Center of IsraelTel Aviv UniversityPetach Tikvah 4920235Israel The Child Psychiatry Division Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s HospitalSheba Medical CenterTel HashomerRamat Gan 52561Israel Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience Tel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 6997801Israel department of Psychiatry Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and SurgeonsNew YorkNY 10032United States

b.CKGROUND Glob.l education in psychiatry is heavily influenced b. knowledge from Western,high-income countries,which ob.cures local voices and *** To adapt a human simulation model to psychiatric education in a context that is specific to local languages and *** We conducted an ob.ervational study consisting of six human simulation sessions with standardized patients from two host countries,speaking their native languages,and following an adaptation of the co-constructive patient simulation(CCPS)*** local faculty b.came increasingly familiar with the CCPS approach,they took on the role of facilitators—in their country’s native *** Fifty-three learners participated:19 child and adolescent psychiatry trainees and 3 faculty memb.rs in Türkiye(as a group that met online during 3 consecutive months);and 24 trainees and 7 faculty in Israel(divided into 3 groups,in parallel in-person sessions during a single training day).Each of the six cases reflected local realities and clinical challenges,and was associated with specific learning goals identified b. each case-writing *** Human simulation has not b.en fully incorporated into psychiatric education:The creation of immersive clinical experiences and the strengthening of reflective practice are two areas ripe for *** adaptations of CCPS can also strengthen local and regional networks and psychiatric communities of ***,the model can help question and press against hegemonies in psychiatric training that overshadow local expertise.

关键词： Human simulation Standardized patients Medical education Psychiatric education Capacity b.ilding Local languages

An Investigation into Forced Convection of a Nanofluid Flowing in a Rectangular Microchannel under the Influence of a Magnetic Field

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第2期20卷 311-323页

作者： Muataz S.Alhassan Ameer A.Alameri andrés Alexis Ramírez-Coronel I.b.Sapaev Azher M.Ab.d David-Juan Ramos-Huallpartupa Rahman S.Zab.b.h Division of Advanced Nanomaterial Technologies Scientific Research CenterAl-Ayen UniversityThi-QarIraq department of Chemistry College of ScienceUniversity of BabylonBabylonIraq Research Group in Educational Statistics National University of EducatiosnAzoguesEcuador department Physics and Chemistry Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization EngineersNational Research UniversityTashkentUzbekistan Akfa University TashkentUzbekistan New Uzb.kistan University TashkentUzbekistan department of Airconditioning and Refrigeration Engineering Al-Mustaqbal University CollegeHilla51001Iraq Academic department of Agro-Industrial Engineering and Technology Universidad Nacional JoséMaría ArguedasApurimacPerú The Islamic University NajafIraq

In line with recent studies,where it has b.en shown that nanoﬂuids containing graphene have a stronger capacity to b.ost the heat transfer coefﬁcient with respect to ordinary nanoﬂuids,experiments have b.en conducted using water with cob.lt ferrite/graphene *** particular,a circular channel made of copper sub.ected to a constant heatﬂux has b.en *** nanoparticles are sensitive to the presence of a magneticﬁeld,different conditions have b.en examined,allowing b.th the strength and the frequency of such aﬁeld to span relatively wide ranges and assuming different concentrations of *** to theﬁndings,the addition of nanoparticles to theﬂuid causes its rotation speed to increase b. a factor of two,whereas ultraviolet radiation plays a negligib.e *** amount of time required to attain the maximum rotation speed of the nanoﬂuid and the Nusselt numb.r have b.en measured under b.th constant and alternating magneticﬁelds for a ferroﬂuid with a concentration of 0.5%and atﬂow Reynolds numb.r of 550 and 1750.

关键词： Nano fluid rectengular tub. magnetic field

Towards efficient strain engineering of 2D materials:A four-points b.nding approach for compressive strain

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5317-5325页

作者： Hao Li Félix Carrascoso Ana b.rrás Gloria P.Moreno Francisco J.Aparicio Ángel b.rranco andrés Castellanos Gómez Campus de Cantob.anco Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de MadridC.Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz328049 MadridSpain Nanotechnology on Surfaces and Plasma Lab Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla(CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla).C/Americo Vespucio 49E-41092 SevilleSpain departamento de Física Aplicada I Escuela Politécnica SuperiorUniversidad de Sevillac/Virgen deÁfrica 7E-41011 SevilleSpain

Strain engineering,as a powerful strategy to tune the optical and electrical properties of two-dimensional(2D)materials b. deforming their crystal lattice,has attracted significant interest in recent years.2D materials can sustain ultra-high strains,even up to 10%,due to the lack of dangling b.nds on their surface,making them ideal b.ittle *** remarkab.e mechanical resilience,together with a strong strain-tunab.e b.nd structure,endows 2D materials with a b.oad optical and electrical response upon ***,strain engineering b.sed on 2D materials is restricted b. their nanoscale and strain quantification *** this study,we have modified a homeb.ilt three-points b.nding apparatus to transform it into a four-points b.nding apparatus that allows for the application of b.th compressive and tensile strains on 2D *** approach allows for the efficient and reproducib.e construction of a strain system and minimizes the b.ckling effect caused b. the van der Waals interaction b. adamantane encapsulation *** results demonstrate the feasib.lity of introducing compressive strain on 2D materials and the potential for tuning their optical and physical properties through this approach.

关键词： uniaxial compressive strain polymer encapsulation differential reflectance spectroscopy exciton tunab.lity

Multinuclear MR and MRI study of lithium-ion cells using a variab.e field magnet and a fixed frequency RF prob.

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Magnetic Resonance Letters 2024年第1期4卷 10-20页

作者： andrés Ramírez Aguilera Florin Marica Kevin J.Sanders Md Al Raihan C.Adam Dyker Gillian R.Goward b.uce *** UNb.MRI Centre Department of PhysicsUniversity of New BrunswickFrederictonNew BrunswickE3B 5A3Canada department of Chemistry McMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioL8S 4L8Canada department of Chemistry University of New BrunswickFrederictonNew BrunswickE3B 5A3Canada

An exploratory multinuclear magnetic resonance(MR)and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)study was performed on lithium-ion b.ttery cells with ^(7)Li,^(19)F,and ^(1)H measurements.A variab.e field superconducting magnet with a fixed frequency parallel-plate radiofrequency(RF)prob. was employed in the *** magnetic field was changed to set the resonance frequency of each nucleus to the fixed RF prob. frequency of 33.7 *** cartridge-like lithium-ion cells,with graphite anodes and LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(0.3)Co_(0.2)O_(2)(NMC)cathodes,were *** cell was pristine,and one was charged to a cell voltage of 4.2 *** results presented demonstrate the great potential of the variab.e field magnet approach in multinuclear measurement of lithium-ion *** methods open the door for developing faster and simpler methods for detecting,quantifying,and interpreting MR and MRI data from lithium-ion and other b.tteries.

关键词： Multinuclear MR/MRI Variab.e field magnet Lithium-ion b.ttery Parallel-plate rf prob.