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Obesity and High Blood Pressure among Professional long-Distance Drivers in Yaoundé, Cameroon: Cross-Sectional Study

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Occupational Diseases and Environmental Medicine 2022年第3期10卷 232-254页

作者： Dominique Kamgne Fokam andré izacar gaël bita Nefertiti Rama Djouedjon Dakenyo Nyenty Agbor Agbornkwai Annicet Bopda Negueu School of Health Sciences Catholic University of Central Africa Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Nutrition Helen Keller International Yaoundé Cameroon Faculty of Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

Background: Drivers play a very important role in the transportation of people, goods and services in Cameroon. The data on obesity and hypertension amongst these professionals is insufficient. The study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of obesity and high blood pressure (HBP) among professional bus drivers in Yaoundé. Methods: This was an analytic cross-sectional study among long-distance bus drivers stationed in Yaoundé between march and April 2018. The data collected focused on driving history, eating habits, driver’s lifestyle, and anthropometric measurements. The analysis was completed using SPSS 21 software;STATA 13;SPAD 5.5 and Excel. Results: Of the 309 drivers, 27.18% and 17.80% were obese and hypertensive, respectively. The risk of developing HBP and obesity was higher among drivers with ≥20 years of driving experience. The risk of obesity was 3.99 (95% CI = 1.65 - 9.64);14.57 (95% CI = 3.65 - 58.16) and 15.23 (95% CI = 3.30 - 70.40) times higher in drivers with 10 - 14, 15 - 19 and 20 years of experience respectively. The risk of HBP was 3.64 (95% CI = 1.22 - 10.85);5.08 (95% CI = 1.18 - 21.92) and 9.42 (95% CI = 1.87 - 47.44) times higher in drivers with 10 - 14;15 - 19 years and 20 years of service, respectively. The more involved the drivers were in sporting activities, the less likely they are to be obese (RR = 0.46;95% CI = 0.24 - 0.88);the risk of HBP was 1.96 (95% CI = 1.05 - 3.67) times higher among drivers who were unable to make trips of at least 10 minutes. And the risk of HBP was less when drivers did not snack while traveling (RR = 0.43;95% CI = 0.21 - 0.90) than when they did. When a driver ate at least 3 meals a day, the risk of being obese was 5.75 (95% CI = 3.15 - 10.48) times higher. The risk of HBP was 4.04 (95% CI = 2.20 - 7.41) times higher in obese drivers than in those with a normal body mass index. Conclusion: Obesity and HBP are common conditions amongst the population of bus drivers. They are particularly expose

关键词： Obesity High Blood Pressure Cardiovascular Disease Chronic Disease Non-Communicable Disease Drivers Cameroon

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Enhanced Adherence Counselling, Support Groups and Viral load Suppression amongst HIV-Positive Adolescents in a Tertiary Health Care Facility in Cameroon

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2022年第4期12卷 685-702页

作者： Agbor Nyenty Agbornkwai andré izacar gaël bita Stephane Amatagana Mabouna Ismaila Esa Ajong Brian Ngongheh Ateh Stanislas Ketum Derek Akateh Yannick lechedem Ngunyi Arnold Agwe Tanah Gisele Christian Miangu Wolloh Grace Tadzong-Awasum Catholic University of Central Africa Yaounde Cameroon Médecins Sans Frontières Belgique Bangui Central African Republic Ministry of Public Health Yaounde Cameroon Cameroon Baptist Convention Health Board Yaounde Cameroon University of Buea Buea Cameroon

Background: Globally, HIV viral load suppression rate, which is an indirect measure of the efficacy of antiretroviral (ART) medication, is 47% and 52% in Africa. In Cameroon, the viral load (Vl) suppression rate is 44.7% and poor adherence is widely documented as being responsible for the large gap in Vl Suppression. Enhanced adherence counselling (EAC) sessions, and enrolment and participation in support groups are specific interventions to improve ART adherence and improve viral load suppression. Purpose: This study assesses the uptake and contribution of support groups and EAC sessions in the management of adolescents with unsuppressed Vl results at Centre Hospitalier d’Essos, Yaounde. Methods: A retrospective correlational quantitative patient files review was conducted for 138 files of HIV positive adolescents aged between 10 - 19 years with HIV Vl above 1000 copies/ml enrolled in care between January 2009 and December 2019. Data from the questionnaire was entered into CSPRO version 7.4. and analyzed by using SPSS version 25.0. Results: A total of 138 participants (75 females and 63 males) with a mean age of 15 ± 3 years were included in our study. Sixty-nine (50%) participants were in World Health Organization (WHO) stage I;32.6% were in Stage II;13.0% and 4.3% were in stages III and IV, respectively. Thirty (21.7%) had a history of tuberculosis and 76% of the adolescents were being cared for primarily by their parents. The charts of the adolescents revealed that there was an association between completion of EAC sessions in adolescents with unsuppressed Vl and eventual Vl suppression (R.R = 2.5;CI 0.848 - 6.162;p = 0.033). However, there was no significant association between support group enrolment and active participation, and eventual Vl Suppression. Furthermore, combining EAC and support group interventions was strongly associated with eventual Vl Suppression in this group of initially unsuppressed adolescents (R.R = 7.5;C.I 2.544 - 22.360;p Conclusion: S

关键词： High Viral load Enhanced Adherence Counselling Support Groups HIV Adolescents

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