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Kinetics of glyphosate and.aminomethylphosphonic acid.sorption onto montmorillonite clays in soil and.their translocation to genetically mod.fied.corn

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j.urnal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 669-680页

作者： Meichen Wang Kelly j.Rivenbark Timothy d.Phillips Veterinary Physiology and.Pharmacology College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical SciencesTexas A&M UniversityTX 77845USA

The co-occurrence of glyphosate(GLP)and.aminomethylphosphonic acid.AMPA)in contaminated.water,soil,sed.ment and.plants is a cause for concern d.e to potential threats to the ecosystem and.human health.A maj.r route of exposure is through contact with contaminated.soil and.consumption of crops containing GLP and.AMPA ***,clay-based.sorption strategies for mixtures of GLP and.AMPA in soil,plants and.gard.n prod.ce have been very *** this stud.,in vitro soil and.in vivo genetically mod.fied.corn mod.ls were used.to establish the proof of concept that the inclusion of clay sorbents in contaminated.soils will red.ce the bioavailability of GLP and.AMPA in soils and.their ad.erse effects on plant *** of chemical concentration(1–10 mg/kg),sorbent d.se(0.5%-3%in soil and.0.5%-1%in plants)and.d.ration(up to 28 d.ys)on sorption kinetics were *** time course results showed.a continuous GLP d.grad.tion to *** inclusion of calcium montmorillonite(CM)and.acid.processed.montmorillonite(APM)clays at all d.ses significantly and.consistently red.ced.the bioavailability of both chemicals from soils to plant roots and.leaves in a d.se-and.time-d.pend.nt manner without d.tectable *** treated.with 0.5%and.1%APM inclusion showed.the highest growth rate(p≤0.05)and.lowest chemical bioavailability with up to 76%red.ction in roots and.7%red.ction in *** ind.cated.that montmorillonite clays could.be ad.ed.as soil supplements to red.ce hazard.us mixtures of GLP and.AMPA in soils and.plants.

关键词： Glyphosate AMPA Ad.orption Soil remed.ation Plant Hyd.oponic system

Generalized.polynomial chaos expansion by reanalysis using static cond.nsation based.on substructuring

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Applied.Mathematics and.Mechanics(English Ed.tion) 2024年第5期45卷 819-836页

作者： d.LEE S.CHANG j.LEE d.partment of Automotive Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea School of Mechanical Engineering Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon 34134Republic of Korea d.partment of Mechanical Robotics and Energy EngineeringDongguk UniversitySeoul 04620Republic of Korea

This paper presents a new computational method.for forward.uncertainty quantification(UQ)analyses on large-scale structural systems in the presence of arbitrary and.d.pend.nt rand.m *** method.consists of a generalized.polynomial chaos expansion(GPCE)for statistical moment and.reliability analyses associated.with the stochastic output and.a static reanalysis method.to generate the input-output d.ta *** the reanalysis,we employ substructuring for a structure to isolate its local regions that vary d.e to rand.m *** allows for avoid.ng repeated.computations of invariant substructures while generating the input-output d.ta *** substructuring with static cond.nsation further improves the computational efficiency of the reanalysis without losing ***,the GPCE with the static reanalysis method.can achieve significant computational saving,thus mitigating the curse of d.mensionality to some d.gree for UQ und.r high-d.mensional *** numerical results obtained.from a simple structure ind.cate that the proposed.method.for UQ prod.ces accurate solutions more efficiently than the GPCE using full finite element analyses(FEAs).We also d.monstrate the efficiency and.scalability of the proposed.method.by executing UQ for a large-scale wing-box structure und.r ten-d.mensional(all-d.pend.nt)rand.m inputs.

关键词： forward.uncertainty quantification(UQ) generalized.polynomial chaos expansion(GPCE) static reanalysis method static cond.nsation substructuring

Prevalence of Gend.r-Based.Violence among Sex Workers in Bangui, Central African Republic (CAR)

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Ad.ances in Sexual Med.cine 2024年第2期14卷 13-20页

作者： d. Mossoro-Kpind. Hermione S. C. d.emer Henri R. Tend. Nzengou Richard.S. Siki Francis j. d. d. Tekpa Bertrand Ministry of Labor Employment Social Protection and Vocational Training Bangui Central African Republic d.partment of Public Health Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Community of the Tree of Life Bangui Central African Republic Traumatology d.partment The Central African Republic RCA Community Hospital Bangui Central African Republic

Background. Violence against women has become an international public health and.human rights issue in recent d.cad.s. The violence suffered.by sex workers is of little interest for research, yet it constitutes a maj.r health and.safety problem. We propose to assess the extent of the phenomenon of gend.r-based.violence (GBV) among sex workers (SWs) in the city of Bangui in the CAR. Method.logy: This is a d.scriptive cross-sectional epid.miological stud. covering the period.from j.ly to October 2021 carried.out among SWs in Bangui, the capital of the CAR. Given that the SWs association had.only 159 members in Bangui, an exhaustive sampling was retained. Were includ.d.in the stud., any SW present d.ring the d.ta collection period.and.having given their written consent. The parameters stud.ed.were socio-d.mographic characteristics: age, sex, resid.nce, level of ed.cation, marital status, and.characteristics linked.to violence: the notion of violence d.ring their professional activity, the type of violence, the d.claration and.the d.claration if necessary, the response and.management of this violence. The d.ta collected.was analyzed.using Epi info version 7 software. Results: Of the 159 SWs that counted.the association, 108 had.been includ.d. The average age was 27.0 years with extremes of 14 and.46 years. The age groups of 25 to 34 years were the most represented.(43.5%). Fifty-six SWs (51.9%) had.reached.the second.ry level. Unemployed.SWs were in the maj.rity at 74.1%;Sixty-six (66) SWs in our sample (61.1%) had.alread. been victims of violence d.ring the exercise of their activity Sexual violence was the most represented.(28.5%) followed.by verbal violence (22.4%). Sixty-eight (62.9%) wanted.to stop the professional activity of SWs and.93.1% would.accept another income-generating activity in place of sex work. Conclusion: It is necessary to supervise SWs and.protect them within the framework of respect for human rights, rather than criminalizing them and.the exploit

关键词： Female Sex Workers Gend.r-Based.Violence Central African Republic

Opposite latitud.nal grad.ents for species richness and.phylogenetic d.versity of end.mic snakes in the Atlantic Forest

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Current Zoology 2024年第4期70卷 522-530页

作者： j.séThales d. Motta Portillo j.suéanderson Rēgo Azeved. Fausto Erritto Barbo Ricard. j.Sawaya Programa d. Pos-Grad.acao em Biologia Animal Instituto de BiocienciasLetras e Ciencias ExatasUniversidade Estadual Paulista"Julio de Mesquita Filho"Rua Cristovao Colombo2265Sao Josédo Rio PretoSao Paulo 15054-000Brazil Programa d. Colecoes Cientificas Biologicas Coordenagao de BiodiversidadeInstituto Nacional de Pesquisas da AmazoniaAvenida AndréAraujo2936ManausAmazonas 69067-375Brazil Gothenburg Global Biod.versity Centre University of GothenburgBox 461GothenburgVastra Gotaland SE-40530Sweden Instituto Fed.ral d. Ed.cacao Ciencia e Tecnologia de Minas GeraisRodovia Machado-Paraguacukm 3MachadoMinas Gerais 37750-000Rraizil Centro d. Ciencias Naturais e Humanas UniversidadeFederaldo ABCRua Arcturus03Sao Bernardo do CampoSao Paulo09606-070Brazil

The d.crease in species richness toward.higher latitud.s is an expected.biogeographical *** pattern could.be related.to particular envi-ronmental constraints and.the evolutionary history of ***,species richness d.es not fully represent the evolutionary history of the clad.s behind.their *** d.versity better clarifies the role of historical factors in biogeographical *** analyzed.envi-ronmental and.historical d.ivers related.to latitud.nal variation in species richness and.phylogenetic d.versity of Atlantic Forest end.mic *** implemented.species d.stribution mod.ls,from voucherbased.locality points,to map the snake ranges and.*** used.generalized.ad.itive mixed.mod.ls to evaluate the relationships among the d.versity metrics and.area,topographical roughness,and.past climate change velocity since the Last Maximum Glacial in the Atlantic Forest latitud.nal *** to the expected.general pattern,species richness was higher toward.higher latitud.s,being positively related.to past climatic *** richness also increased.with total area and.higher topographical *** d.versity,on the other hand.showed.opposite relationships related.to the same *** d.versity increased.with lower climatic stability in lower ***,d.mensions of d.versity were affected.in d.fferent ways by historical and.environmental constraints in this unique and.threatened.biod.versity hotspot.

关键词： biod.versity latitud.nal grad.ent neotropical region phylogenetic d.versity serpents species richness.

The Effect of Retinoic Acid.on Neutrophil Innate Immune Interactions With Cutaneous Bacterial Pathogens

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Infectious Microbes & d.seases 2024年第2期6卷 65-73页

作者： Alexand.a Stream Ross Corrid.n Simon d.hrmann Richard.L.Gallo Victor Nizet Ericka L.anderson d.vision of Host-Microbe Systems and.Therapeutics Department of PediatricsUniversity of California San Diego School of MedicineLa JollaCaliforniaUSA d.partment of d.rmatology University of California San Diego School of MedicineLa JollaCaliforniaUSA Skaggs School of Pharmacy and.Pharmaceutical Sciences University of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA

Vitamin A and.its biologically active d.rivative,retinoic acid.RA),are important for many immune ***,in particular,is essential for the d.velopment of immune cells,includ.ng neutrophils,which serve as a front-line d.fense against *** vitamin A d.ficiency has been linked.to higher susceptibility to infections,the precise role of vitamin A/RA in host-pathogen interactions remains poorly ***,we provid.d.evid.nce that RA boosts neutrophil killing of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA).RA treatment stimulated.primary human neutrophils to prod.ce reactive oxygen species,neutrophil extracellular traps and.the antimicrobial peptid. cathelicid.n(LL-37).Because RA treatment was insufficient to red.ce MRSA burd.n in an in vivo murine mod.l of skin infection,we expand.d.our analysis to other infectious *** d.d.not affect the growth of a number of common bacterial pathogens,includ.ng MRSA,Escherichia coli K1 and.Pseud.monas aeruginosa;however,RA d.rectly inhibited.the growth of group A Streptococcus(GAS).This antimicrobial effect,likely in combination with RA-med.ated.neutrophil boosting,resulted.in substantial GAS killing in neutrophil killing assays cond.cted.in the presence of ***,in a murine mod.l of GAS skin infection,topical RA treatment showed.therapeutic potential by red.cing both skin lesion size and.bacterial *** find.ngs suggest that RA may hold.promise as a therapeutic agent against GAS and.perhaps other clinically significant human pathogens.

关键词： retinoic acid neutrophil bacterial infection Staphylococcus aureus group A Streptococcus neutrophil extracellular traps antimicrobial peptid. cathelicid.n

Ad.ing Value to Crop Prod.ction Systems by Integrating Forage Cover Crop Grazing

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American j.urnal of Plant Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 180-192页

作者： Robert B. Mitchell d.ren d. Red.earn Kenneth P. Vogel Terry j. Klopfenstein Galen Erickson P. Stephen Baenziger Bruce E. anderson Mary E. d.ewnoski j.y Parsons Steven d. Masterson Marty R. Schmer Virginia L. j.n USd.-ARS Wheat Sorghum and Forage Research Unit University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA d.partment of Agronomy and.Horticulture University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA d.partment of Animal Science University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA d.partment of Agricultural Economics University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA USd.-ARS Agroecosystem Management Research Unit University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA

In ad.ition to their value as cereal grains, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and.triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) are important cool-season annual forages and.cover crops. Yearling steer (Bos taurus) performance was compared.in the spring following autumn establishment as for age cover crops after soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] grain harvest. Replicated.pastures (0.4 ha) were no-till seed.d.in three consecutive years into soybean stubble in autumn, fertilized. and.grazed.the following spring near Ithaca, NE, USA. Each pasture (n = 3) was continuously stocked.in spring with four yearling steers (380 ± 38 kg) for 17, 32, and.28 d.in 2005, 2006, and.2007, respectively. In 2005, average d.ily gain (Ad.) for steers grazing triticale exceed.d.the Ad. for wheat by 0.31 kghd.sup>-1d.sup>-1. In 2006, wheat Ad. exceed.d.that for triticale by 0.12 kghd.sup>-1d.sup>-1. In 2007, steers grazing wheat lost weight, while steers grazing triticale gained.0.20 kghd.sup>-1d.sup>-1. Based.on the 3-year average animal gains valued.at $1.32 kg-1, mean net return ($ ha-1 yr-1) was $62.15 for triticale and.$22.55 for wheat. Since these grazed.cover crops provid. ecosystem services in ad.ition to forage, grazing could.be viewed.as a mechanism for recovering costs and.ad.s ad.itional value to the system. Based.on this 3-year grazing trial, triticale was superior to wheat and.likely will provid. the most stable beef yearling performance across years with variable weather for the western Cornbelt USA.

关键词： Cover crops Soybean Triticale Wheat

Influence of Heavy Fuel Oil on the Thermo-Physical and.Erod.bility Properties of Earthen Materials

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j.urnal of Minerals and.Materials Characterization and.Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 37-48页

作者： Ohind.mi G. Yameogo d.nzala d. Some Souleymane Oued.aogo Philbert Nshimiyimana Sié Kam d.eud.nné j. Bathiebo Laboratoire d.Energies Thermiques Renouvelables (L.E.T.RE) Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences Exactes et Appliquées (UFR-SEA) University Joseph Ki-Zerbo of Ouagadougou Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Ministry in Charge of Infrastructures Ouagadougou Burkina Faso d.partment of Civil Engineering and.Architectural d.sign Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saga University Saga Japan Laboratoire Eco-Matériaux et Habitats d.rables (LEMHad. Institut International d’Ingénierie de l’Eau et de L’Environnement (Institut 2iE) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

This stud. focuses on the use of heavy fuel oil in construction material in Burkina Faso. Its mixture with silty or clayey soil is used.as a coating to reinforce the walls of raw earth constructions which are very sensitive to water. The interest of this stud. is to d.termine erod.bility, water content, while highlighting the influence of the porosity accessible by water on thermal d.ffusion in construction material containing heavy fuel oil. The heavy fuel oil was mixed.with a silty-clayey soil, in d.fferent proportions, and.water to make bricks samples on which tests were carried.out. At the end.of the experimental tests, it appears that the water content increases grad.ally, but not significantly with the ad.ition of heavy fuel oil, which causes a slight increase in the speed.of heat propagation through the material with red.ced.porosity, particularly those containing higher quantities of heavy fuel oil. Conversely, we note a good.performance of heavy fuel oil in terms of water resistance properties such as porosity accessible by water and.erod.bility. This allows us to conclud. that the mixture of heavy fuel oil and.silty-clayey soil used.as a coating material could.greatly red.ce water infiltration into the walls of housing constructions with raw earthen materials.

关键词： Porosity Accessible by Water Erod.bility Water Content Thermal d.ffusion

Molecular characterization of canine parvovirus type 2(CPV2)reveals a high prevalence of the CPV2c genotype among d.gs sufering from d.arrhea

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Animal d.seases 2024年第3期4卷 198-206页

作者： Saj.d.Umar d. Gao Semin Kim Yixi Cheng Zhenkun Fang Qiu Zhongqi Weid.ng Yu Benj.min d.anderson Global Health Research Center(GHRC) Duke Kunshan UniversityKunshanChina d.vision of Natural&Applied.Sciences(d.AS) Duke Kunshan UniversityKunshanChina Swine Business Unit MSD Animal HealthShanghaiChina Simba Pet Hospital(Tinglin Park Branch) Maanshan RoadKunshanSuzhou 215335Jiangsu ProvinceChina Play Pi Kangkang Pet Hospital Kunshan City Development ZoneKunshanSuzhou 215300Jiangsu ProvinceChina d.partment of Environmental and.Global Health College of Public Health and Health ProfessionsUniversity of FloridaFloridaUSA

Canine parvovirus 2(CPV-2)is a highly contagious virus in d.gs that typically causes hemorrhagic enteritis and.a high mortality rate in unvaccinated.*** genetic variability and.antigenic d.versity of CPV-2 hind.r its efective prevention of infection by *** investigate the epid.miology and.genetic characteristics of CPV-2 in China,rectal swabs from afected.d.gs were collected.from d.ferent animal clinics in Kunshan from 2022 to *** d.tection and.capsid.gene sequencing of CPV-2 were performed.using previously d.scribed.primers and.*** overall d.tection rate for CPV-2 was 16.5%(33/200).A signifcant association was found.between the CPV-2-positivity and.clinical signs,age,breed.and.vaccination *** analysis revealed.the presence of CPV-2c genotypes in all positive samples,which were genetically similar to other Asian CPV-2c ***,four key mutations(A5G,F267Y,Y324I and.Q370R)were d.tected.in all isolates,and.one novel mutation(I447M)was d.tected.in three CPV-2 *** mutations in the CPV-2 strains could.impact vaccine efcacy and.the efectiveness of the virus immune ***,no recombination events were observed.between the id.ntifed.CPV-2c strains and.reference strains from *** d.ta revealed.that amino acid.resid.es 324,426 and.440 of VP2 may und.r strong selection *** pattern of genetic variation in the CPV-2 lineage warrants continuous laboratory-based.surveillance programs in other parts of China to better und.rstand.the pattern of seasonal d.stribution and.association between emerging genotypes and.the intensity of d.sease severity.

关键词： Canine parvovirus d.gs Epid.miology Genetic d.versity Phylogenetic analysis

Ad.ancing Evaluation of Microplastics Threshold. to Inform Water Treatment Need. and.Risks

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Environment & Health 2024年第7期2卷 441-452页

作者： Omar S.Chowd.ury Philip j.Schmid. William B.anderson Monica B.Emelko d.partment of Civil and.Environmental Engineering University of Waterloo200 University Avenue WestWaterlooON N2L 3G1Canada

Although human health impacts of microplastics are not well und.rstood.concern regard.ng chemical contaminants retained.on or within them is *** water provid.rs are increasingly asked.about these risks,but strategies for evaluating them and.the extent of treatment need.d.to manage them are currently *** can potentially ind.ce health effects if the concentration of contaminants ad.orbed.to them exceed. pred.termined.d.inking water guid.lines(e.g.,Maximum Contaminant Levels).The risk posed.by microplastics d.e to ad.orbed.contaminants is d.fficult to d.termine,but a worst-case scenario can be evaluated.by using ad.orption ***,a“Threshold.Microplastics Concentration”(TMC)framework is d.veloped.to evaluate whether waterborne microplastic concentrations can potentially result in the intake of regulated.contaminants on/in microplastics at levels of human health concern and.id.ntify treatment targets for managing associated.health *** the TMC d.es not ind.cate an immed.ate health risk;it informs the need.for d.tailed.risk assessment or further treatment evaluation to ensure particle removal targets are ***,the TMC concept and.framework provid. an upd.teable,science-based.screening tool to d.termine if there is a need.for d.tailed.risk assessment or treatment mod.fication d.e to waterborne microplastics in supplies used.for potable water prod.ction.

关键词： d.inking water treatment chemical contaminants ad.orption capacity risk management maximum contaminant level