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Influence of railway wheel tread damage on wheel-rail impact loads and the durability of wheelsets

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Railway Engineering Science 2024年第1期32卷 20-35页

作者： Michele Maglio Tore Vernersson Jens C.O.nielsen anders Ekberg Elena Kabo CHARMEC Department of Mechanical and Maritime SciencesChalmers University of TechnologySE‑41296 GothenburgSweden

Dynamic wheel-rail contact forces induced by a severe form of wheel tread damage have been measured by a wheel impact load detector during full-scale field tests at different vehicle *** on laser scanning,the measured three-dimensional damage geometry is employed in simulations of dynamic vehicle-track interaction to calibrate and verify a simulation *** relation between the magnitude of the impact load and various operational parameters,such as vehicle speed,lateral position of wheel-rail contact,track stiffness and position of impact within a sleeper bay,is *** calibrated model is later employed in simulations featuring other forms of tread damage;their effects on impact load and subsequent fatigue impact on bearings,wheel webs and subsurface initiated rolling contact fatigue of the wheel tread are *** results quantify the effects of wheel tread defects and are valuable in a shift towards condition-based maintenance of running gear,and for general assessment of the severity of different types of railway wheel tread damage.

关键词： Wheel tread damage Rolling contact fatigue cluster Field measurements Dynamic vehicle-track interaction Wheel-rail impact load Wheelset durability

Metabolic collaboration between cells in the tumor microenvironment has a negligible effect on tumor growth

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The Innovation 2024年第2期5卷 107-114页

作者： Johan Gustafsson Fariba Roshanzamir anders Hagnestål Sagar M.Patel Oseeyi I.Daudu Donald F.Becker Jonathan L.Robinson Jens nielsen Department of Life Sciences Chalmers University of TechnologySE-41296 GothenburgSweden Hagnesia AB SE-43854 HindåsSweden Department of Biochemistry and Redox Biology Center University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68588USA BioInnovation Institute DK2200 CopenhagenDenmark

The tumor microenvironment is composed of a complex mixture of different cell types interacting under conditions of nutrient deprivation,but the metabolism therein is not fully understood due to difficulties in measuring metabolic fluxes and exchange of metabolites between different cell types in ***-scale metabolic modeling enables estimation of such exchange fluxes as well as an opportunity to gain insight into the metabolic behavior of individual cell ***,we estimated the availability of nutrients and oxygen within the tumor microenvironment using concentration measurements from blood together with a metabolite diffusion *** addition,we developed an approach to efficiently apply enzyme usage constraints in a comprehensive metabolic model of human *** combined modeling reproduced severe hypoxic conditions and the Warburg effect,and we found that limitations in enzymatic capacity contribute to cancer cells’preferential use of glutamine as a substrate to the citric acid ***,we investigated the common hypothesis that some stromal cells are exploited by cancer cells to produce metabolites useful for the cancer *** identified over 200 potential metabolites that could support collaboration between cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts,but when limiting to metabolites previously identified to participate in such collaboration,no growth advantage was *** work highlights the importance of enzymatic capacity limitations for cell behaviors and exemplifies the utility of enzyme-constrained models for accurate prediction of metabolism in cells and tumor microenvironments.

关键词： metabolism effect limitations

Genetic variation in birds in relation to predation risk by hawks： A comparative analysis

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Current Zoology 2015年第1期61卷 1-9页

作者： anders P. MOLLER Jan T. nielsen Laboratoire d'Ecologie Systematique et Evolution CNRS UMR 8079 Universite Paris-Sud Batiment 362 F-91405 Orsay Cedex France Espedal 4 Tolne DK-9870 Sindal Denmark

The level of genetic variation among individuals may affect performance by reducing the ability of prey to detect and escape from predators if lack of genetic variation reduces flight ability directly or indirectly through reduced parasite resistance. We investigated vulnerability of common avian prey species to predation by the sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus and the goshawk A. gentilis in relation to an index of genetic similarity among adults of potential prey species. We estimated a prey vulnerability in- dex that reflects the abundance of prey relative to the expected abundance according to local population density, and related this index to band sharing coefficients based on analyses of minisatellites for adults in local breeding populations. The prey vulnera- bility index was positively correlated with the band sharing coefficient in both predators, even when controlling for potentially confounding variables. These findings indicate that prey species with high band sharing coefficients, and hence low levels of genetic variation, are more readily caught by avian predators. Therefore, predation may constitute a major cost of low levels of genetic variation in extant populations of prey [Current Zoology 61（1）： 1-9, 2015].

关键词： Band sharing Birds Minisatellites Predation risk

PD-L1 and PD-L2 expression correlated genes in non-small-cell lung cancer

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Cancer Communications 2019年第1期39卷 279-292页

作者： Trine Vilsbøll Larsen Dianna Hussmann anders Lade nielsen Department of Biomedicine Aarhus University8000 Aarhus CDenmark

Background:Programmed cell death ligand-1(PD-L1)and ligand-2(PD-L2)interaction with programmed cell death protein-1(PD-1)represent an immune-inhibiting checkpoint mediating immune evasion and is,accordingly,an important target for blockade-based immunotherapy in *** non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC),improved understanding of PD-1 checkpoint blockade-responsive biology and identification of biomarkers for prediction of a clinical response to immunotherapy is ***,in the present study,we systematically described PD-L1 and PD-L2 expression correlated genes in ***:We performed comparative retrospective analyses to identify PD-L1 and PD-L2 mRNA expression corre-lated genes in *** this,we examined available datasets from the cancer cell line encyclopedia(CCLE)project lung non-small-cell(Lung_NSC)and the cancer genome atlas(TCGA)projects lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD)and squamous cell carcinoma(LUSC).Results:Analysis of the CCLE dataset Lung_NSC identified expression correlation between PD-L1 and ***-ver,we identified expression correlation between 489 genes and PD-L1,191 genes and PD-L2,and 111 genes for ***-L1 and PD-L2 also expression correlated in TCGA datasets LUAD and *** LUAD,we identified expression corre-lation between 257 genes and PD-L1,914 genes and PD-L2,and 211 genes for *** LUSC,we identified expression correlation between 26 genes and PD-L1,326 genes and PD-L2,and 13 genes for *** a few genes expression correlated with PD-L1 and PD-L2 across the CCLE and TCGA *** of Interferon signaling-involved genes converged in particular with the expression correlated genes for PD-L1 in Lung_NSC,for PD-L2 in LUSC,and for both PD-L1 and PD-L2 in *** LUSC,PD-L1,and to a lesser extent PD-L2,expression correlated with chromosome 9p24 localized genes,indicating a chromosome 9p24 topologically associated domain as an important driver of in particu-lar LUSC PD-L1 *** correlation analyses

关键词： Non-small-cell lung cancer Biomarker Immunotherapy Immune checkpoints Interferon Chr9p24 PD-L1 PD-1 PD-L2

Severe steroid refractory gastritis induced by Nivolumab: A case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第16期26卷 1971-1978页

作者： Helene Hjorth Vindum JØrgen S Agnholt anders Winther Moelby nielsen Mette Bak nielsen Henrik Schmidt Department of Oncology Aarhus University HospitalAarhus 8200Denmark Department of Gastroenterology Aarhus University HospitalAarhus 8200Denmark Department of Pathology Aarhus University HospitalAarhus 8200Denmark

BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibitors are widely used for treatment of many advanced *** gastrointestinal(GI)side effects,such as diarrhea and colitis,are common,but upper GI side effects are rarely ***,the correct treatment of upper GI adverse events has been less frequently *** SUMMARY We describe a case of a 16-year-old woman with stage IIIb malignant melanoma treated with adjuvant monotherapy using *** patient developed severe gastritis after six series of Nivolumab with weight loss,nausea,and *** was no effect of intravenous steroids,but the patient′s condition resolved after administration of *** This case report supports the same treatment for gastritis as for colitis,which is in line with current guidelines.

关键词： Gastritis Immune checkpoint inhibitors Nivolumab Case report Immune-related adverse events Infliximab

Efficient unidirectional polarization-controlled excitation of surface plasmon polaritons

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Light(Science & Applications) 2014年第1期3卷 100-105页

作者： anders Pors Michael G nielsen Thomas Bernardin Jean-Claude Weeber Sergey I Bozhevolnyi Department of Technology and Innovation University of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark LICB UMR 6303 CNRS–University of BurgundyF-21078 DijonFrance

Efficient excitation of surface plasmon polaritons(SPPs)remains one of the most challenging issues in areas of plasmonics related to information communication *** particular,combining high SPP excitation efficiency and acceptance of any polarization of incident light appeared to be impossible to attain due to the polarized nature of *** we demonstrate plasmonic couplers that represent arrays of gap SPP resonators producing upon reflection two orthogonal phase gradients in respective linear polarizations of incident *** couplers are thereby capable of efficiently converting incident radiation with arbitrary polarization into SPPs that propagate in orthogonal directions dictated by the phase *** couplers operate at telecom wavelengths and feature the coupling efficiency of,25%for either of two linear polarizations of incident radiation and directivity of SPP excitation exceeding *** further demonstrate that an individual wavelength-sized unit cell,representing a meta-scatterer,can also be used for efficient and polarization sensitive SPP excitation in compact plasmonics circuits.

关键词： gap surface plasmons metamaterials metasurfaces surface plasmon polaritonsgap surface plasmons metamaterials metasurfaces surface plasmon polaritons

The vascular endothelial growth factor system-a new player in the pathogenesis and development of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2023年第6期12卷 963-965页

作者： Henning Grønbæk anders Mellemkjær Søren nielsen Faidon Magkos Department of Hepatology&Gastroenterology Aarhus University HospitalAarhusDenmark Clinical Institute Aarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus Aarhus University HospitalAarhusDenmark Department of Nutrition Exercise and SportsUniversity of CopenhagenFrederiksbergDenmark

The pathogenesis of liver disease from simple steatosis-metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)-and the transition to inflammation and fibrosis-metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis(... 详细信息

关键词： Vascular endothelial growth factor B(VEGF-B) metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD) non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)

Early clinical outcome and learning curve following unilateral primary total knee arthroplasty after introduction of a novel total knee arthroplasty system

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2020年第10期11卷 431-441页

作者： Adam Omari anders Troelsen Henrik Husted Christian Skovgaard nielsen Kirill Gromov Department of Orthopedic Surgery Copenhagen University Hvidovre HospitalCopenhagen 2650Denmark Department of Orthopedic Surgery Copenhagen University Hospital HvidovreCopenhagen 2650Denmark

BACKGROUND New implants for total knee arthroplasty(TKA)are continuously introduced with the proposed benefit of increased performance and improved *** information exists on how the introduction of a novel arthroplasty implant affects the perioperative and surgical outcome immediately after *** To investigate how surgery-related factors and implant positioning were affected by the introduction of a novel TKA *** A novel TKA system was introduced at our institution on 30th November ***-five TKAs performed with the Persona TKA immediately following its introduction by 3 different surgeons(25 TKAs/surgeon)were identified as the Introduction ***,the latest 25 TKAs performed by each surgeon prior to introduction of the Persona TKA were identified as the Control Group.A Follow-up Group of 25 TKAs/surgeon was identified starting 1-year after the end of the introduction ***,surgery-related factors and alignment data were recorded,and intergroup differences *** Following introduction of the novel implant,Persona TKA was utilized in 69%(71%),53%(54%),and 45%(75%)of primary TKA procedures by the three surgeons,respectively(Follow-up Group).Mean surgery time was increased by 28%(P<0.0001)and mean intra-operative blood loss by 25%(P=0.002)in the Introduction Group,while only the mean surgery time was increased in the Follow-up Group by 18%(P<0.0001).Overall alignment was similar between the groups apart from femoral flexion(FF)and tibial slope(TS).The number of FF outliers was reduced in the Introduction Group with a more pronounced decrease in the Follow-up *** Introduction of the new TKA implant increased surgical time and intraoperative blood loss immediately after its *** differences diminished one year after introduction of the new *** outliers with respect to FF and TS were seen when using the novel TKA *** studies are needed to investigat

关键词： Total knee arthroplasty Early outcome Novel introduction Implant positioning Knee Component choice

Treatment of Budd-Chiari syndrome with a focus on transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt

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World Journal of Hepatology 2013年第1期5卷 38-42页

作者： anders Bay Neumann Stine Degn andersen Dennis Tφnner nielsen Peter Holland-Fischer Hendrik Vilstrup Henning Grφnbk Department of Medicine V (Gastroenterology and Hepatology) Aarhus University HospitalDK-8000 Aarhus CDenmark Department of Radiology R Aarhus University HospitalDK-8000 Aarhus CDenmark

AIM:To evaluate long-term complications and survival in patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) referred to a Danish transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) ***:Twenty-one consecutive patients from 1997-2008 were retrospectively included [15 women and 6 men,median age 40 years (range 17-66 years)].Eighteen Danish patients came from the 1.8 million catchment population of Aarhus University Hospital and three patients were referred from Scandinavian *** consisted of tests for underlying haematological,endocrinological,or hypercoagulative disorders parallel to initiation of specific treatment of ***:BCS was mainly caused by thrombophilic (33%) or myeloproliferative (19%) *** percents had symptoms for less than one week with ascites as the most prevalent *** (67%) were treated with TIPS and 7 (33%) were manageable with treatment of the underlying condition and *** median follow-up time for the TIPS-treated patients was 50 mo (range 15-117 mo),and none required subsequent liver *** control was achieved in all TIPS patients with a marked reduction in the dose of diuretics.A total of 14 TIPS revisions were needed,mostly of uncovered *** died during follow-up:One non-TIPS patient worsened after 6 mo and died in relation to transplantation,and one TIPS patient died 4 years after the TIPS-procedure,unrelated to ***:In our BCS cohort TIPS-treated patients have near-complete survival,reduced need for diuretics and compared to historical data a reduced need for liver transplantation.

关键词： Ascites Budd-Chiari syndrome Myeloproliferative disorder Thrombophilia Thrombosis Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt