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Screening of Several Anti-Infectives for in Vitro Activity against Mycobacterium smegmatis

Advances in Microbiology 2014年第16期4卷 1197-1203页

作者： Grace Lovia Allotey-Babington Henry Nettey Philip Debrah Ofosua Adi-Dako Clement Sasu anastasia antwi Yvonne Darko Newriza Nartey Jida Asare University of Ghana School of Pharmacy Legon Ghana Mercer University School of Pharmacy Atlanta GA USA

Aim: To evaluate in vitro the effectiveness of several anti-infective agents alone or in combination against Mycobacterium smegmatis. Method: A convenient stratified sampling method was used to obtain selected anti-infective agents. For individual drug samples, Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) were obtained using the agar-well plate diffusion technique. Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Indices (FICI) were calculated for drug combinations using their MIC as obtained from the broth dilution method. Results: Of the thirty (30) anti-infective agents analyzed, ten (10) had MIC equivalent to or better than rifampicin (reference TB drug). Seven (7) drugs had MIC higher than rifampicin, while twelve (12) showed no growth inhibition of M. smegmatis. Analysis of the effect of drug combinations on M. smegmatis indicated that four (4) combinations, including rifampicin/ethambutol showed synergism. One (1) was additive, two (2) were indifferent and one (1) combination showed antagonism. Conclusion: Notable in the results obtained was the high effectiveness of the carbapenems in inhibiting the growth of M. smegmatis. Carbapenems, though not indicated for TB treatment, has a potential of playing a significant role in the treatment of tuberculosis. Also the drug combinations which showed synergism, especially those that involved the macrolide antibiotics, should further be investigated. These results have to be confirmed by in vivo clinical studies to define their roles in tuberculosis treatment.

关键词： Antimicrobials Minimum Inhibitory Concentration M. smegmatis Tuberculosis

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A review on ductile mode cutting of brittle materials

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2018年第2期13卷 251-263页

作者： Elijah Kwabena antwi Kui LIU Hao WANG Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology Singapore

Brittle materials have been widely employed for industrial applications due to their excellent mechanical, optical, physical and chemical properties. But obtaining smooth and damage-free surface on brittle materials by traditional machining methods like grinding, lapping and polishing is very costly and extremely time consuming. Ductile mode cutting is a very promising way to achieve high quality and crack-free surfaces of brittle materials. Thus the study of ductile mode cutting of brittle materials has been attracting more and more efforts. This paper provides an overview of ductile mode cutting of brittle materials including ductile nature and plasticity of brittle materials, cutting mechanism, cutting characteris- tics, molecular dynamic simulation, critical undeformed chip thickness, brittle-ductile transition, subsurface damage, as well as a detailed discussion of ductile mode cutting enhancement. It is believed that ductile mode cutting of brittle materials could be achieved when both crack-free and no subsurface damage are obtained simultaneously.

关键词： ductile mode cutting brittle materials critical undeformed chip thickness brittle-ductile transition subsurface damage molecular dynamic simulation

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Mechanical properties of coppiced and non-coppiced Pterocarpus erinaceus boles and their industrial application

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第5期30卷 1973-1980页

作者： Charles antwi-Boasiako Frederick Amin Anthonio Kwasi Frimpong-Mensah Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology

Rosewood(Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir.)is valued for flooring,ornaments,musical instruments and furniture-making due to its durability,strength,beauty and acoustic *** coppices easily which could boost its continual *** parallel to grain,Modulus of Elasticity(MOE)and Modulus of Rupture(MOR)within coppiced and non-coppiced boles were *** properties decreased along both types of *** values for the heartwood were also greater than those for the sapwood of each type of ***,MOR and compression for non-coppiced stems were greater than those from the coppiced *** differences were significant(p<0.05).Mechanical properties from the coppiced and non-coppiced boles are *** have strength properties comparable with those of species widely used for railway sleepers,structural supports,flooring,veneer,furniture,cabinetry,truss and mine ***,coppiced wood could supplement non-coppiced wood for industrial applications which require strength.

关键词： Coppicing Wood density Mechanical property Rosewood Structural application

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Estimation of environmental effects of photovoltaic generation in North-west China

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Frontiers in Energy 2013年第4期7卷 535-543页

作者： Mengjia REN anastasia SHCHERBAKOVA Energy and Mineral Engineering Department Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA

In estimating emissions reductions brought about by renewables in China, much of existing research assumes that renewables displace coal power. In this paper, this assumption is challenged and the potential environmental effects of photovoltaic （PV） power in North-west China are reevaluated when the marginal generator actually being displaced is taken into account. The annual PV power generation in the North-west Grid is estimated, in this paper, to be as high as 17900GW.h in 2015, roughly equaling to the output of 1.5 nuclear power plants in the US today. The total associated emission reduction in 2015 will at most be 0.36 percent of SO2 and 0.25 percent of NOx emissions from their 2010 levels in China. Further, PV power may render no emissions reduction at all if it displaces hydropower, which is often used to meet peak demand in the North-west Grid in China. These results imply that a more cost-effective area of focus in the short- term may be on desulfurization and denitrification technologies for coal plants.

关键词： photovoltaic (PV) emission reduction North- west China marginal generator

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lncreasing mortality of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in the US:are gender-specific risk factors important?

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2019年第6期8卷 635-636页

作者： Samuel O.antwi Tushar Patel Department of Health Sciences Research Mayo ClinicJacksonvilleFLUSA Department of Transplantation Mayo ClinicJacksonvilleFLUSA

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(iCCA)is an often-fatal malignancy,with an annual incidence rate that closely approximates the mortality rate(1,2).The poor prognosis of these cancers is due in part to their nonspecific clinical presentation and the often-late stage at diagnosis—which is not amenable to curative *** understanding the underlying biology of iCCA is important for early detection and therapy development,there is also a need to ascertain the temporal trends of the disease incidence and mortality.A thorough appraisal of trends in iCCA incidence and mortality would inform strategies for the prevention and identification of high-risk populations for screening and *** studies have shown that the incidence and mortality rates of iCCA have increased in the US over the last few decades(1-6),but while some of these studies suggest that the increase in iCCA incidence appears to have plateaued(2,5),others show continuous rise of both the incidence and mortality of iCCA in the US(3,4,6).

关键词： mortality prevention diagnosis

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Interaction of water droplets with pyrolyzing coal particles and tablets

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2023年第12期30卷 1-12页

作者： anastasia Islamova Pavel Tkachenko Pavel Strizhak National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University Heat and Mass Transfer Laboratory30 Lenin AvenueTomsk634050Russia

The paper presents the experimental research findings for the patterns of collisions of water droplets with pressed tableted samples used as substrates and with small particles of a pyrolyzing solid *** coal samples were ***-substrate interactions were studied when varying the droplet diameter in the range from 1 to 4 mm and velocity from 0.5 to 4 m/*** corresponded to the Weber number range of *** coal tablet surface temperature was varied from 20 to 700℃.In the interactions of water droplets(0.7-1.5 mm in diameter,pre-collision velocity from 1 to 3 m/s)with coal particles(with a size of 0.2-1 mm,pre-collision velocity 0.7-2 m/s),the temperature of the latter was varied in the range of 330-480℃.The following regimes of the interaction of droplets with solid particles during chemical reactions and phase transformations were distinguished:spreading/agglomeration and break-up/*** in the characteristics of the interaction of water droplets with coal particles at varying temperatures were ***-particle interaction regime maps for B(We),We(Oh)and We(Ca)were *** collision regime boundaries were described using fitted curves that can be utilized to develop the existing mathematical models of droplet-particle collisions in *** was established that the gaseous volatile production in coal pyrolysis has a modest effect on the regimes and characteristics of the droplet destruction in the temperature range under consideration(20-700℃).

关键词： Droplet Particle Solid substrate Collision Agglomeration Separation

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Persicaria lanigera (Polygonaceae) leaf extract exhibits antiulcerogenic and antiproliferative activities against acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis and cotton pellet-induced granuloma tissue in rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第7期14卷 269-278页

作者： Meshack antwi-Adjei Ernest Obese Emmanuel Awintiig Adakudugu Benjamin Aboagye Daniel Anokwah Akua Afriyie Karikari Roberta antwi-Adjei Elvis Ofori Ameyaw Department of Pharmacology School of Medical SciencesUniversity of Cape CoastCape CoastGhana Department of Pharmacotherapeutics and Pharmacy Practice School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Cape CoastCape CoastGhana Department of Forensic Sciences School of Biological SciencesUniversity of Cape CoastCape CoastGhana Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicine School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Cape CoastCape CoastGhana Department of Biomedical Sciences School of Allied Health SciencesCollege of Agriculture and Natural SciencesUniversity of Cape CoastCape CoastGhana

Objective:To assess the effect of leaf extract of Persicaria lanigera on cotton pellet-induced granuloma tissue formation and acetic acid-induced ulcerative ***:Rats were randomly divided into six groups:normal control,negative control,positive control(dexamethasone or sulfasalazine)as well as Persicaria lanigera(100-600 mg/kg)-treated *** effects of the extracts on body weight,antioxidant,and hematological parameters,as well as mast cell proliferation,were *** addition,a histological evaluation was ***:Persicaria lanigera extract significantly decreased the mean exudate amount and suppressed granuloma tissue formation in a concentration-dependent manner in rats(P<0.05).Additionally,the extract significantly increased body weight,improved hematological profile,reduced the disease activity index score and malondialdehyde level,as well as enhanced catalase and superoxide dismutase activities(P<0.05).Histological evaluation showed Persicaria lanigera extract alleviated acetic acid-induced colonic damages,as evidenced by decreased cell necrosis,edema,and inflammatory cell ***:Persicaria lanigera extract possesses antiproliferative,antioxidative,and anti-colitis ***,its underlying mechanisms of action need further investigation.

关键词： Colitis Persicaria lanigera Antioxidant Cotton pellets Mast cells Granuloma tissue formation

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The RhoA nuclear localization changes in replicative senescence:New evidence from in vitro human mesenchymal stem cells studies

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BIOCELL 2022年第9期46卷 2053-2058页

作者： DANILA BOBKOV anastasia POLYANSKAYA anastasia MUSORINA GALINA POLJANSKAYA Collection of Vertebrate Cell Cultures Institute of CytologyRussian Academy of SciencesSt.Petersburg194064Russia Laboratory of Intracellular Signaling and Transport Smorodintsev Research Institute of InfluenzaSt.Petersburg197376Russia Research Laboratory of Translational Oncology Almazov National Research CentreSt.Petersburg197341Russia

All non-immortalized mesenchymal stem cells have a limited proliferative potential,that is,replicative senescence(RS)is an integral characteristic of the life of all mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs).It is known that one of the important signs of RS is a decrease of cell motility,and that violations of migration processes contribute to the deterioration of tissue ***,the characterization of the properties of the cell line associated with RS is a prerequisite for the effective use of MSCs in restorative *** of the key proteins regulating cell motility is the small GTPase *** main purpose of this work was to study the nuclear-cytoplasmic redistribution of the RhoA protein during RS in MSC lines recently obtained and characterized in our *** study found that a comparative analysis of the intracellular localization of RhoA in three cell lines(MSCWJ-1,FetMSC,DF2)showed a decrease in the nuclear localization of RhoA during RS.

关键词： Mesenchymal stem cells RhoA Actin cytoskeleton Replicative senescence

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The emergence of the United Arab Emirates as a global soft power: Current strategies and future challenges

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Economic and Political Studies 2022年第2期10卷 208-227页

作者： Osman antwi-Boateng Amira Ali Alhashmi Department of Government and Society College of Humanities and Social SciencesUnited Arab Emirates UniversityAl AinUnited Arab Emirates

Using the Soft Power 30 Index,this research focusses on assessing the soft power status of the United Arab Emirates(UAE)by exam-ining the elements of its soft power and potential challenges it may face in the *** study conducts in-depth interviews with foreign diplomats and academics based in the UAE and Emirati diplomats and *** data are supplemented with primary and secondary data from governmental and inter-national agencies as well as media *** UAE’s case dem-onstrates that soft power can be consciously developed by any country regardless of its regime type,size,location,and religious or racial background by getting its domestic affairs in order.A country’s domestic success in governance,enterprise,culture,education and digital infrastructure leads to global attraction,which ultimately enhances the image of a country such as the *** eventually creates opportunities for more global partner-ships and engagements in the areas of multilateralism,philan-thropy,peacebuilding,conflict resolution and event ***,these efforts face the following challenges:the threat of widely diffused actions among public and private actors,the financial cost of soft power engagement and projections,the UAE’s lack of a global media platform for shaping global agendas and its increasing use of hard power in response to geopolitical threats which can negatively affect its image.

关键词： United Arab Emirates soft power nation branding public diplomacy Abraham Accords

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Physical and mechanical properties of Klainedoxa gabonensis with engineering potential

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Journal of Forestry Research 2017年第3期28卷 629-636页

作者： K.Boakye Boadu C.antwi-Boasiako K.Frimpong-Mensah Department of Wood Science&Technology Faculty of Renewable Natural ResourcesKwame Nkrumah University of Science&TechnologyKumasiGhana

Adequate information is sparse for many tropical timbers on their engineering applications, which make their international promotion difficult. The physical and mechanical properties of Klainedoxa gabonensis Pierre ex Engl. （a lesserutilized species） and Entandrophragma cylindricum were compared. K. gabonensis contained more moisture with greater density at 12 % moisture content than E. cylindricum and had a tangential-radial ratio for swelling and shrinkage of 1.31-1.38 and 1.58-1.63, respectively, within acceptable thresholds for engineering/structural timbers. For K. gabonensis, shear parallel to grain was 32.2 ± 0.4-33.5 ±1 N mm^-2; compressive parallel to grain, 80.7 ± 1.4-90.6± 1 N mm^-2; modulus of rupture, 204± 4.0-214 ± 4.0 N mm^-2 and modulus of elasticity, 28,932 ± 664-29,493 ±822 N mm^-2. These properties were superior to those of E. cylindricum [（15.5 ± 0.9）- （15.6 ± 0.6）, （56.4 ± 4.5）-（63.6 ± 1.2）, （99.4 ± 4.7）- （121.3 ± 10.6）, and （9987.4 ± 207）-（10,051 ± 258） N mm^-2, respectively] and compared well with those of several traditional timbers for conslruction and furniture production. Its use would contribute to minimize pressure on the primary timbers in the forests and widen the raw material base for wooden products.

关键词： Density Dimensional stability Timberengineering Mechanical property Tangential-radialratio Traditional timber

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