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Efficient Deep-Learning-Based Autoencoder Denoising Approach for Medical Image Diagnosis

Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第3期70卷 6107-6125页

作者： Walid El-Shafai Samy Abd El-Nabi El-Sayed MEl-Rabaie anas M.Ali Naglaa F.Soliman Abeer D.Algarni Fathi E.Abd El-Samie Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityMenouf32952Egypt Alexandria Higher Institute of Engineering&Technology(AIET) AlexandriaEgypt Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh84428Saudi Arabia

Effective medical diagnosis is dramatically expensive,especially in third-world *** of the common diseases is pneumonia,and because of the remarkable similarity between its types and the limited number of medical images for recent diseases related to pneumonia,themedical diagnosis of these diseases is a significant ***,transfer learning represents a promising solution in transferring knowledge from generic tasks to specific ***,experimentation and utilization of different models of transfer learning do not achieve satisfactory *** this study,we suggest the implementation of an automatic detectionmodel,namelyCADTra,to efficiently diagnose pneumonia-related *** model is based on classification,denoising autoencoder,and transfer ***,pre-processing is employed to prepare the medical *** depends on an autoencoder denoising(AD)algorithm with a modified loss function depending on a Gaussian distribution for decoder output to maximize the chances for recovering inputs and clearly demonstrate their features,in order to improve the diagnosis ***,classification is performed using a transfer learning model and a four-layer convolution neural network(FCNN)to detect *** proposed model supports binary classification of chest computed tomography(CT)images and multi-class classification of chest X-ray ***,a comparative study is introduced for the classification performance with and without the denoising *** proposed model achieves precisions of 98%and 99%for binary classification and multi-class classification,respectively,with the different ratios for training and *** demonstrate the efficiency and superiority of the proposed CADTra model,it is compared with some recent state-of-the-art CNN *** achieved outcomes prove that the suggested model can help radiologists to detect pneumonia-related diseases and improve the diagnostic efficiency compared to the exis

关键词： Medical images CADTra AD CT and X-ray images autoencoder

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AI-Enhanced Performance Evaluation of Python, MATLAB, and Scilab for Solving Nonlinear Systems of Equations: A Comparative Study Using the Broyden Method

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American Journal of Computational Mathematics 2023年第4期13卷 644-677页

作者： Isaac Azure Japheth Kodua Wiredu anas Musah Eric Akolgo Department of Computer Science Regentropfen College of Applied Sciences Bolgatanga Ghana

This research extensively evaluates three leading mathematical software packages: Python, MATLAB, and Scilab, in the context of solving nonlinear systems of equations with five unknown variables. The study’s core objectives include comparing software performance using standardized benchmarks, employing key performance metrics for quantitative assessment, and examining the influence of varying hardware specifications on software efficiency across HP ProBook, HP EliteBook, Dell Inspiron, and Dell Latitude laptops. Results from this investigation reveal insights into the capabilities of these software tools in diverse computing environments. On the HP ProBook, Python consistently outperforms MATLAB in terms of computational time. Python also exhibits a lower robustness index for problems 3 and 5 but matches or surpasses MATLAB for problem 1, for some initial guess values. In contrast, on the HP EliteBook, MATLAB consistently exhibits shorter computational times than Python across all benchmark problems. However, Python maintains a lower robustness index for most problems, except for problem 3, where MATLAB performs better. A notable challenge is Python’s failure to converge for problem 4 with certain initial guess values, while MATLAB succeeds in producing results. Analysis on the Dell Inspiron reveals a split in strengths. Python demonstrates superior computational efficiency for some problems, while MATLAB excels in handling others. This pattern extends to the robustness index, with Python showing lower values for some problems, and MATLAB achieving the lowest indices for other problems. In conclusion, this research offers valuable insights into the comparative performance of Python, MATLAB, and Scilab in solving nonlinear systems of equations. It underscores the importance of considering both software and hardware specifications in real-world applications. The choice between Python and MATLAB can yield distinct advantages depending on the specific problem and comput

关键词： System of Nonlinear Equations Broyden Method Robustness Index Artificial Intelligence (AI) MATLAB SCILAB Python

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Seclusion Room in Psychiatric Setting (National Center for Mental Health): Policy Analysis

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Open Journal of Nursing 2018年第9期8卷 697-707页

作者： anas H. Khalifeh Malek M. Khalil Department of Nursing Prince Hamzah Hospital Ministry of Health Amman Jordan School of Nursing The University of Jordan Amman Jordan Faculty of Nursing Zarqa University Zarqa Jordan

Background: Improving the quality of care in psychiatric settings is the most important goal of policy through the delivery of a comprehensive care, treatment, control, protection, and rehabilitation of patients with mental disorders. The main concern in mental health care is the continuing use of seclusion and the slow pace of change. Purpose: Analyze the seclusion room policy in National Center for Mental Health (NCMH) in Jordan to recognize the issue and present alternative solutions in order to modify and improve the current seclusion room policy. Method: The authors got seclusion room policy from NCMH;the method in this analysis will be used six-step model;and then searched the database for alternatives using EBSCO, PUBMED, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Ovid. Result: The authors discuss use medications, training program, manipulate environment, de-escalation technique, and status quo alternatives that helps in minimizing use of seclusion, decreasing the incidence of aggressive behaviors occurrences, and decreasing unsafe behaviors against health care providers in the psychiatric settings. Conclusion: Manipulates environment is the best alternative after evaluated alternatives according to criteria.

关键词： Seclusion Policy Analysis Psychiatric Psychiatric Settings

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Pathological Role of Fungal Biofilms in Fungal Rhinosinusitis: A Case-Control Study

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2021年第2期10卷 75-84页

作者： Waleed F. Ezzat anas Askoura Hesham Falah Ahmed Negm Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery Misr University for Science and Technology Cairo Egypt

Objective: This case-control study aimed to detect the presence of fungal biofilms in cases of fungal sinusitis, trying to find its role in recurrence of fungal sinus infection and resistance to medical treatment. Patients and Methods: This study was conducted at Ain-Shams University from June-2017 to June-2018 upon 20 patients as the fungal cases are not much in Egypt. All patients were subjected to functional endoscopic sinus surgery and taking specimens. Examination of specimens by scanning electron microscope was made. Results: The prevalence of fungal biofilms was 7 (70%) in cases and 0 (0%) in controls (p-value = 0.001). There is higher risk of fungal biofilms in cases of fungal sinusitis, the odds of biofilms is higher in the study group 2.33 than in the control group 0. The lower is the invasiveness, the higher is the fungal biofilms (OR = 0.94, 95% CI 0.46 - 4.05). Also, the analysis showed that the lower is the recurrence the lower is the fungal biofilms (OR = 2.25, 95% CI 0.15 - 7.93). Conclusion: This study showed the presence of fungal biofilms in different cases of fungal sinusitis whether primary or recurrent, also whether invasive or non-invasive. Studies with large sample size are recommended to get a strong evidence.

关键词： Fungal Biofilms Rhinosinusitis Recurrence Invasiveness

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Deposition and Thermal Stability of DLC/Si-N Composite Films Synthesized Using a Sputtering-PBII Hybrid System

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2019年第12期10卷 746-755页

作者： anas Mohammed A. Melih Keita Yamada Shuichi Watanabe Mechanical Systems Engineering Major Graduate School of Engineering Nippon Institute of Technology Saitama Japan Department of Applied Chemistry Faculty of Fundamental Engineering Nippon Institute of Technology Saitama Japan

Diamond-like carbon (DLC) is a metastable amorphous material that exhibits unique properties. However, there are many limitations regarding the use of this material due to factors such as its tribological characteristics at high temperature and limited thermal stability. In this study, the thermal stability and tribological properties of DLC/silicon-nitrogen (DLC/Si-N) composite films were investigated and compared to those of pure DLC films. All the films were synthesized using a combination of radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering and plasma-based ion implantation (PBII) (a so-called sputtering-PBII hybrid system) which is newly developed by us. A high purity silicon nitride (99.9%) disk was used as the target, applying an RF power in the range of 500 - 700 W and a negative pulsed bias voltage of 5 kV to the substrate. An Ar-CH4 mixture was used as the reactive gas. The CH4 partial pressure was varied between 0 and 0.15 Pa, while the total gas pressure and total gas flow were fixed at 0.30 Pa and 30 sccm, respectively. The structures of the resulting films were characterized using Raman spectroscopy, while the thermal stabilities were assessed using thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA) and friction coefficients were obtained via ball-on-disk friction tests. The results indicate that the DLC/Si-N composite films produced in this work exhibit improved thermal stability relative to that of pure DLC owing to the presence of thermally stable atomic-scale Si-N compound in the carbon main flame networks. A DLC/Si-N film containing approximately 11 at.%Si and 18.5 at.%N shows good thermal stability in air over 800°C up to 1100°C, together with excellent tribological performance at 500°C in air. Overall, the data demonstrate that DLC/Si-N composite films offer improved thermal stability and superior tribological performance at high temperatures.

关键词： Diamond-Like Carbon DLC/Si-N Tribology Sputtering-PBII Hybrid System

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Clinical Outcome of Definitive Radiotherapy and/or Surgery in T1-2N0M0 Glottic Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Single Institution Retrospective Report

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2018年第2期9卷 163-178页

作者： Dina Ragab Diab Ibrahim anas Mohamed Askoura Mohammed Aleem Clinical Oncology Department Faculty of Medicine Ain-Shams University Cairo Egypt Ear Nose Throat ENT Department Faculty of Medicine Ain-Shams University Cairo Egypt

Background: The current treatment options of early glottic carcinoma are radiotherapy;trans laser microsurgery, and open surgery. However, the best treatment is still controversial due to lack of randomized controlled trials. We aimed to evaluate the treatment results and the prognostic factors of local control of early glottic squamous cell carcinoma patients (GSCC) T1-2N0M0 treated at our institution. Material and Methods: We retrospectively studied the charts of 52 patients with early GSCC T1-T2N0M0 from 2010-2015 at the Clinical Oncology Department, Ain-Shams University. 24 patients had T1 and 28 had T2 early glottic carcinoma. The overall survival OS, local control rate, and laryngeal preservation rate were evaluated. Kaplan-Meier method, Cox proportional hazards model were used to analyze the data. Results: Median duration of follow-up was 13 months. Thirty-eight patients received radiation treatment alone (73.1%), 7.7% of the patients underwent surgery alone, and 19.2% of the patients had surgery combined with radiotherapy. Local recurrence after radiation failure developed in 6/52 patients, all had T2 disease and were salvaged by total laryngectomy. The ultimate local control rate was 88.5%, and the ultimate laryngeal preservation rate was 77.2% (40/52 patients). The median OS of the 52 patients was 13 months (range 2 - 46 months). Univariate analysis of factors associated with poor local control showed that age > 60 years was the only significant factor (P = 0.048). Conclusion: Radiotherapy achieves high local control and laryngeal preservation rates for patients with early glottic carcinoma, and is associated with a low rate of severe complications compared to surgery. Salvage surgery is feasible after radiotherapy failure.

关键词： Larynx Glottic Squamous Cell Carcinoma Outcome Radiotherapy Surgery

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Prospects of Synthetic Biodiesel Production from Various Bio-Wastes in Jordan

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Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2013年第3期3卷 217-223页

作者： Ahmad Al-Rousan anas Zyadin Salah Azzam Mohammed Hiary National Energy Research Center Amman Jordan School of Forest Sciences University of Eastern Finland Joensuu Finland

The main objectives of this technical experiment are to quantify the amount of various bio-wastes available for the bioenergy development in Jordan and investigate the prospects of biodiesel potentials from such bio-wastes using catalytic depolymerization technology developed in the German company ALPHAKAT. The quantification process revealed substantial quantities of bio-wastes originated from various sectors such as dairy and poultry farms, by-products of wastewater treatment plants, and agriculture by-products. The results show that olive cake provides the highest potential for biodiesel production with a ratio of 39%. Chemical analysis showed varying levels of sulfur contents, which required desulfurization unit to produce standard quality biodiesel. Chemical analysis also showed high phosphorus content, which provided another economic opportunity to use the biodiesel by-products as a fertilizer. The statistical correlation test showed a strong linear correlation between the percentage of organic content and caloric value and biodiesel output. The study also unveiled that the C:H ratio is strongly correlated with the biodiesel production model. The regression analysis generated a model for biodiesel production, which can be used to evaluate the biodiesel production based on the net dry biomass and C:H ratio in the substrate. Based on the model, the study estimated the potential of biodiesel from olive cake to reach up to 4 million liters annually. Policymakers and involved governmental institutes are advised to develop new regulations and laws to increase the share of bioenergy in the primary energy mix through attracting co-public investments accompanied by supportive economic tools such as starter loans, tax exemptions, and feedin-tariffs. Further research is needed to quantify other sources of bio-wastes such as cooking-oil wastes.

关键词： Synthetic Biodiesel Olive Cake Depolymerization Jordan

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Epidemiology of COVID-19 in Misrata, Libya: A Population-Based Surveillance Study

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2021年第1期11卷 101-112页

作者： anas Zarmouh Hussien Elaswdi Essam Elakhtel Khalid Abufalgha Mohamed Taraina Misurata University Faculty of Medicine Misrata Libya Misurata Medical Centre Misrata Libya

Background: The prevalence of SARS-COV2 in Libya is unclear;PCR is still under-performed. Although lockdown measures have been in place for weeks, there is no prevalence data to support the gradual lifting of such lockdowns. SARS-COV2 IgM/IgG is emerging as potential alternatives to PCR testing, and many counties and towns have undertaken such seroprevalence studies. Objective: Prevalence of SARS-COV2 in Misrata, Libya amongst the population as a whole. Materials and Methods: The study was prospective, cross-sectional, population-based, and age-stratified, to assess SARS-COV2 IgM/IgG in the population of Misrata. It was carried out between the 18th and 21st of April, 2020. Results: A representative sample of 897 participants was tested for SARS-COV2 IgM/IgG antibodies. 30 participants were positive for IgM or IgG indicating a prevalence of 3.4% (95% CI, 2.8% - 5.2%), with eight (0.9%) IgM positive and 22 (2.4%) IgG positive. Accordingly, 9075 (95% CI, 6586 - 14,170) people are estimated to have had a current or recent COVID-19 infection, symptomatic or asymptomatic. Conclusion and Recommendations: Serological testing as a diagnostic or surveillance tool may uncover a large proportion of asymptomatic individuals in the community, far outnumbering PCR. The authors highly recommend further precautionary public measures, as well as an ongoing surveillance programme to monitor the epidemiological trends of the disease in the city of Misrata and Libya in general.

关键词： Prevalence SARS-COV2 IgM/IgG PCR

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The Gerbode Defect: About 2 Cases

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2020年第7期10卷 115-121页

作者： Amine Majdoub anas Elhafidi Cedric Mutuale Salaheddine Boulmakoul Mohammed Messouak Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Fez Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University CHU HASSAN II FEZ Fez Morocco

Background: Left ventricular to right atrial communications (LV-RA) or the Gerbode defects are rare and complex types of ventricular septal defect. Their clinical diagnosis is not specific. However, the main clue to identifying Gerbode defect comes from Doppler-coupled echocardiography (TTE), and the treatment is mainly surgical. Aim: We hereby report our experience in surgical management of Gerbode defect through two exceptional congenital cases (type 1 and type 2 of Gerbode defect). Case Presentation: The diagnosis was established in adult patients, the first case is a 27-year-old woman who had dyspnea, and in whom the TTE revealed LV-RA communication, with repercussions on the right cavities. The second case is a 23-year-old

关键词： Congenital Disease Ventricular Septal Defect Cardiopulmonary Bypass

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Investigation of Coronavirus Deposition in Realistic Human Nasal Cavity and Impact of Social Distancing to Contain COVID-19:A Computational Fluid Dynamic Approach

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2020年第12期125卷 1185-1199页

作者： Mohammad Zuber John Valerian Corda Milad Ahmadi BSatish Shenoy Irfan Anjum Badruddin Ali E.Anqi Kamarul Arifin Ahmad S.M.Abdul Khader Leslie Lewis Mohammad anas Khan Sarfaraz Kamangar Department of Aeronautical&Automobile Engineering Manipal Institute of TechnologyManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipal576104India Department of Mechanics of Solids Surfaces and SystemsFaculty of Engineering TechnologyUniversity of TwenteEnschede7522The Netherlands Mechanical Engineering Department College of EngineeringKing Khalid UniversityAbha61421Saudi Arabia Department of Aerospace Engineering Universiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang43400Malaysia Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering Manipal Institute of TechnologyManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipal576104India Department of Paediatrics Kasturba Medical College&HospitalManipal576104India Department of Mechanical Engineering Jamia Millia IslamiaDelhi110025India

The novel coronavirus responsible for COVID-19 has spread to several countries within a considerably short *** virus gets deposited in the human nasal cavity and moves to the lungs that might be *** per safety guidelines by theWorld Health Organization(WHO),social distancing has emerged as one of the major factors to avoid the spread of ***,different guidelines are being followed across the countries with regards to what should be the safe ***,the current work is an attempt to understand the virus deposition pattern in the realistic human nasal cavity and also to find the impact of distance that could be termed as a safety *** study is performed usingComputationalFluid Dynamics as a solution tool to investigate the impact of COVID-19 deposition(i)On a realistic 3D human upper airway model and(ii)2D social distancing protocol for a distance of 0.6,1.2,1.8,and 2.4 *** results revealed that the regional deposition flux within the nasal cavity was predominantly observed in the external nasal cavity and nasopharyngeal *** flushing of these regions with saltwater substitutes can limit contamination in healthy *** safe distancing limit estimated with 1 m/s airflow was about 1.8 *** extensive deposition was observed for distances less than 1.8 m in this study,emphasizing the fact that social distancing advisories are not useful and do not take into account the external dynamics associated with airflow.

关键词： COVID-19 upper respiratory tract virus deposition social distancing

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