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Elevation, Slope Aspect and Integrated Nutrient Management Effects on Crop Productivity and Soil Quality in North-west Himalayas, India

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第5期11卷 1208-1217页

作者： Birendra Nath GHOSH Narinder Kumar SHARMA Nurnabi Meherul ALAM Raman Jeet SINGH gopal Prasad JUYAL Central Soil and Water Conservation Research and Training Institute 218 Kaulagarh Road Dehradun-248 195 Uttarakhand India

On farm bio-resource recycling has been given greater emphasis with the introduction of conservation agriculture specifically withclimate change scenarios in the mid-hills of the north-west Himalaya region（NWHR）. Under this changing scenario, elevation, slope aspect and integrated nutrient management（INM） may affect significantly soil quality and crop productivity. A study was conducted during 2009-2010 to 2010-2011 at the Ashti watershed of NWHR in a rainfed condition to examine the influence of elevation, slope aspect and integrated nutrient management（INM） on soil resource and crop productivity. Two years of farm demonstration trials indicated that crop productivity and soil quality is significantly affected by elevation, slope aspect and INM. Results showed that wheat equivalent yield（WEY） of improved technology increased crop productivity by -20%-37% compared to the conventional system. Intercropping of maize with cowpea and soybean enhanced yield by another 8%-17%. North aspect and higher elevation increased crop productivity by 15%-25% compared to south aspect and low elevation（except paddy）. Intercropping of maize with cowpea and soybean enhanced yield by another 8%-15%. Irrespective of slope, elevation and cropping system, the WEY increased by -30% in this region due to INMtechnology. The influence of elevation, slope aspect and INM significantly affected soil resources（SQI） and soil carbon change（SCC）. SCC is significantly correlated with SQI for conventional（R2 = 0.65＊）, INM technology（R2 = 0.81＊） and for both technologies（R2 = 0.73＊）. It is recommended that at higher elevation.（except for paddy soils） with a north facing slope, INM is recommended for higher crop productivity; conservation of soil resources is recommended for the mid hills of NWHR; and single values of SCC are appropriate as a SQI for this region.

关键词： Elevation Crop productivity Integrated nutrient management(INM) Slope aspect and soil quality

AI-Enabled COVID-19 Outbreak Analysis and Prediction: Indian States vs. Union Territories

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第4期67卷 933-950页

作者： Meenu Gupta Rachna Jain Simrann Arora Akash Gupta Mazhar Javed Awan gopal Chaudhary Haitham Nobanee Chandigarh University PunjabIndia Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Engineering New DelhiIndia Department of Software Engineering University of Management and TechnologyLahorePakistan Collage of Business Abu Dhabi UniversityAbu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates Oxford Center for Islamic Studies The University of OxfordOxfordUK Management School The University of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK

The COVID-19 disease has already spread to more than 213 countries and territories with infected(confirmed)cases of more than 27 million people throughout the world so far,while the numbers keep *** India,this deadly disease was first detected on January 30,2020,in a student of Kerala who returned from *** of India’s high population density,different cultures,and diversity,it is a good idea to have a separate analysis of each ***,this paper focuses on the comprehensive analysis of the effect of COVID-19 on Indian states and Union Territories and the development of a regression model to predict the number of discharge patients and deaths in each *** performance of the proposed prediction framework is determined by using three machine learning regression algorithms,namely Polynomial Regression(PR),Decision Tree Regression,and Random Forest(RF)*** results show a comparative analysis of the states and union territories having more than 1000 cases,and the trained model is validated by testing it on further *** performance is evaluated using the RMSE *** results show that the Polynomial Regression with an RMSE value of 0.08,shows the best performance in the prediction of the discharged *** contrast,in the case of prediction of deaths,Random Forest with a value of 0.14,shows a better performance than other techniques.

关键词： COVID-19 state-wise analysis discharges and deaths SARS CoV-2 root mean square error

Institutional performance and participatory paradigms: Comparing two groups of watersheds in semi-arid region of India

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2020年第2期8卷 164-172页

作者： Biswajit Mondal Nagarajan Loganandhan Sekhargowda L.Patil Anurag Raizada Suresh Kumar gopal L.Bagdi ICAR-National Rice Research Institute(NRRI) CuttackIndia Krishi Vigyan Kendra HirehalliICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural ResearchBangaloreIndia ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil&Water Conservation BellaryIndia National Research Centre on Integrated Farming Pipra KothiEast ChamparanIndia ICAR-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute AvikanagarIndia

Watershed development programmes carried out in different agroclimatic conditions in India resulted in beneficial impact in terms of productivity enhancement and natural resources conservation, but less attention paid to institutional and participatory aspects. This paper explored the performance of various institutions regarding execution of watershed development programmes in semi-arid region of India. Recorded observations from documents maintained at watershed level and information collected through primary survey as well as focus group discussion with different types of stakeholders were used for analysis. The results indicated lacunae in participatory aspects during programme implementation process like monitoring activities, management of common property resources and equity. Gap in linkages and differential level of performance of various watershed level functionaries indicates the necessity for corrections in the structures and linkages pattern for sustainability of the infrastructure and institutions. The study also showed unequal priorities by the implementing agencies towards in-stitutions, land and water resources development, production enhancement activities and fodder re-sources development as well as rationalities of technical, economic, financial, political and social aspects among the watersheds.

关键词： Participation paradigm index Participatory watershed development index Rationality analysis Semi-arid region Stakeholder analysis Watershed development programme

Physical activity and mental well-being during COVID-19 pandemic

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2021年第12期11卷 1267-1273页

作者： Walid Kamal Abdelbasset gopal Nambi Marwa M Eid Safaa M Elkholi Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences College of Applied Medical SciencePrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-Kharj 11942RiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Physical Therapy Kasr Al-Aini HospitalCairo UniversityGiza 12613Egypt Department of Physical Therapy College of Applied Medical SciencesTaif UniversityTaif 26571Saudi Arabia Department of Rehabilitation Sciences Faculty of Health and Rehabilitation SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh 11564Saudi Arabia

The corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has resulted in most nations deciding upon self-isolation and social distancing policies for their citizens to control the pandemic and reduce hospital *** review aimed at evaluating the effect of physical activity on mental well-being during the COVID-19 *** was concluded that the COVID-19 pandemic may lead to augmented levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme(ACE)-2 that led to cardiovascular and neurological disorders associated with highly inflammatory effects of viral infection affecting the brain tissues leading to damage of the nervous system and resulting in cognition dysfunction,insulin sensitivity reduction,and behavioral *** and depression may lead to negative effects on various quality of life domains,such as being physically *** physical activities may reduce inflammatory responses,improve ACE-2 responses,and improve mental well-being during self-isolation and social distancing policies related to the COVID-19 *** studies should be conducted to assess the different intensities of physical activities on cardiovascular function,and mental well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic.

关键词： COVID-19 Physical activity Mental well-being Pandemic Angiotensinconverting enzyme-2

Distribution,Use Pattern and Prospects for Conservation of Medicinal Shrubs in Uttaranchal State,India

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Journal of Mountain Science 2007年第2期4卷 155-180页

作者： Bhupendra S. Adhikari Mani M. Babu Prem L. Saklani gopal S. Rawat Herbarium Section Department of Habitat Ecology Wildlife Institute of India P.O. Box # 18 Chandrabani Dehra Dun 248 001 Uttaranchal

The present paper gives an insight into the distribution and use pattern of medicinal shrubs in Uttaranchal State. A total of 222 medicinal and aromatic shrub species have been appended based on secondary information. Euphorbiaceae, Rosaceae, Verbenaceae, and Fabaceae have the highest repre- sentatives of medicinal shrubs. Twenty one families had one species each in medicinal use. Verbenaceae and Euphorbiaceae in the sub-tropical region, Rosaceae in the temperate region, and Ericaceae and Rosaceae in the sub-alpine and alpine regions, respectively, had the highest representatives of medicinal shrubs. The distribution of medicinal shrubs was 42 % in sub-tropical, 29 % in warm temperate, 13 % in cool temperate, 9 % in sub-alpine and 7 % in the alpine region. Of the total species, 70 medicinal shrubs were native to the Himalayas and 22 native to Himalayan region including other Hima- layan countries. The most frequently used plant parts for various ailments were leaves (31 %) and roots (23 %). Most shrubs are being used for the diseases, viz. skin diseases, dysentery, cough, fever, wounds, and rheumatism. The present paper will help in the execution of strategies for promotion and cultivation of medicinal shrubs in Uttaranchal State.

关键词： Medicinal shrub distribution use pattern eco-region Uttaranchal Himalayan region India

A dental perspective on the successes and limitations of the disaster victim identification response to the Nepal earthquake

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Forensic Sciences Research 2022年第3期7卷 366-370页

作者： Samarika Dahal gopal Kumar Chaudhary Mani Raj Maharjan Eugen Dolma Walung Department of Oral Pathology&Forensic Dentistry Maharajgunj Medical CampusInstitute of MedicineKathmanduNepal Department of Forensic Medicine Maharajgunj Medical CampusInstitute of MedicineKathmanduNepal

This article describes the forensic odontological analysis of the events of the 2015 Nepal *** identifies the problems encountered in the aftermath,lessons learned,and prospective future advances aimed at reducing the subjectivity in disaster victim identification(DVI).During a crisis,dental practitioners,particularly forensic odontologists,can make a substantial contribution to DVI,as highlighted in this *** also promotes best practices in forensic dentistry that may be used by anyone in situations with few resources or people to deal with comparable scenarios.

关键词： Forensic sciences earthquake forensic dentistry identification Nepal

Modification of the spontaneous emission of quantum dots near the surface of a three-dimensional colloidal photonic crystal

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Chinese Physics B 2010年第11期19卷 441-447页

作者：刘正奇冯天华戴峭峰吴立军兰胜丁才蓉汪河洲 gopal Achanta Venu Laboratory of Photonic Information Technology School for Information and Optoelectronic Science and EngineeringSouth China Normal University State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies Zhongshan (Sun Yat-Sen) University Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Material Science Tata Institute of Fundamental ResearchHomi Bhabha RoadMumbai 400005India

This paper demonstrates experimentally and numerically that a significant modification of spontaneous emission rate can be achieved near the surface of a three-dimensional photonic crystal. In experiments, semiconductor coreshell quantum dots are intentionally confined in a thin polymer film on which a three-dimensional colloidal photonic crystal is fabricated. The spontaneous emission rate of quantum dots is characterised by conventional and time-resolved photoluminescence （PL） measurements. The modification of the spontaneous emission rate, which is reflected in the change of spectral shape and PL lifetime, is clearly observed. While an obvious increase in the PL lifetime is found at most wavelengths in the band gap, a significant reduction in the PL lifetime by one order of magnitude is observed at the short-wavelength band edge. Numerical simulation reveals a periodic modulation of spontaneous emission rate with decreasing modulation strength when an emitter is moved away from the surface of the photonic crystal. It is supported by the fact that the modification of spontaneous emission rate is not pronounced for quantum dots distributed in a thick polymer film where both enhancement and suppression are present simultaneously. This finding provides a simple and effective way for improving the performance of light emitting devices.

关键词： spontaneous emission colloidal photonic crystal semiconductor quantum dot time-resolved photoluminescence

A minimalist approach for detecting sensor abnormality in oil and gas platforms

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Petroleum Research 2022年第2期7卷 177-185页

作者： Pauline Wong W.K.Wong Filbert H.Juwono Lenin gopal Mohd Amaluddin Yusoff Curtin Malaysia Digital Innovation(CMDI) Curtin University Malaysia98009MiriSarawakMalaysia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Curtin University Malaysia98009MiriSarawakMalaysia

Compressors play an important role in day-to-day operation in most oil and gas platforms,especially in the case for maintaining gas pressure in transportation *** complex problem to detect the sensors health and abnormality as the sensor reading would reflect the various states of the *** ideal situation,sensor readings offer vast amounts of information on compressor health and could possibly indicate early fault of ***,due to harsh site and process operating conditions,sensors are often found to have drifted or failed,and there is no standard methodology to predict abnormality apart from applying emerging industrial smart sensor *** this paper,we investigate a minimalist approach for detecting abnormality of compressor's shaft's RPM *** the sensors in the compressor are correlated,we first use the outputs of other sensors to predict the shaft's RPM using regression-based models(neural networks and multiple linear regression).Second,we calculate the histogram of residuals by taking the difference between the predicted sensor value and the actual sensor value plus the abnormality in terms of bias/miscalibration and *** histogram of residuals can be used for sensor abnormality *** general,sensor states can be monitored by observing the shifting of the mean in the histogram of *** sensor readings contaminated with noise can be seen by a shifted mean whose value is between the normal condition mean and the biased condition *** method is compact and would be relevant to monitor irregularity of the sensors.

关键词： Sensor fault detection Multistage turbine air compressor Multiple linear regression Neural network Oil and gas industry

Insulin inhibits the JNK mediated cell death via upregulation of AKT expression in Schwann cells grown in hyperglycemia

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Frontiers in Biology 2018年第2期13卷 137-144页

作者： Mallahalli S. Manu Kuruvanthe S. Rachana gopal M. Advirao Department of Biochemistry Davangere University Davangere Karnataka India

BACKGROUND： Schwann cells （SCs） are the glial cells of the peripheral nervous system, which forms a thick insulating structure around the axons. Hyperglycemia is known physiologic conditions in both type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ diabetes which causes diabetic neuropathy. But the SC possesses insulin receptors even though glucose uptake is independent of insulin. Since the insulin level is highly altered in diabetes, it is of greater importance to evaluate their role in the Schwann cell survival and death. METHODS： Schwann cells were isolated from neonatal pups and grown with and without insulin in hyperglycemic medium to mimic diabetic condition for 24 and 48 h. We studied the cell viability using 3 （4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl） 2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide （MTT） and mitochondrial membrane potential （MMP） assay at different time interval on SCs. We also studied the protein and gene expression of Protein Kinase B （AKT） and Jun N-terminal kinase （JNK）, which are greatly involved in cell survival and cell death respectively. RESULTS： The result shows that, high glucose levels for 48 h decrease the SC viability. Hyperglycemic condition induces the SC death by increasing the JNK expression which in turn reduces the MMP of glial cells. However, insulin administration for SCs grown in high glucose condition can reduce the JNK expression by activating AKT signaling pathway. CONCLUSION： These observations demonstrate that the proper insulin balance is required for Schwann cells survival in hyperglycemic condition. Therefore, altered insulin signaling can be one of the reasons for demyelination of peripheral neurons in diabetic neuropathy.

关键词： insulin schwann cells apoptosis JNK AKT diabetic peripheral neuropathy