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Outcome of patients with traumatic cranial nerve palsy admitted to a university hospital in Nepal

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中华神经外科杂志(英文) 2024年第2期10卷 1-7页

作者： Kumari Khusbu Gautam Naveen Parajuli Monika Singh Shreejana Pradhananga Amit Sedai gopal Shilpakar Sushil Sharma Mohan Raj Maharajgunj Medical Campus Institute of Medicine Tribhuvan University Maharajgunj Kathmandu Nepal Department of Research Institute of Medicine Maharajgunj Kathmandu Nepal Department of Neurosurgery Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital Maharajgunj Kathmandu Nepal

Background Cranial nerve palsy (CNP) is a common complication of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Despite a high incidence of TBI in Nepal (382 per 100,000), literature on the specific management and outcome of CNP is lacking. This study aimed to examine the outcomes of TBI patients involving single versus multiple *** A retrospective chart review of 170 consecutive TBI patients admitted to the tertiary neurosurgical center in Nepal between April 2020 and April 2022 was conducted. Demographic, clinical, and etiological characteristics; imaging findings; and management strategies were recorded, compared, and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended (GOSE) was used to measure the outcomes in two groups of patients (single and multiple CNP) at 3 *** Out of 250 eligible patients, 80 were excluded and CNP was noted in 29 (17.1%) of the remaining 170. The median age was 34.9 years, and falls (60.6%) were the most common cause of trauma. TBI severity was categorized based on GCS: mild (82.4%), moderate (15.9%), and severe (1.8%). Cranial nerve involvement was seen in 29 (17.05%) patients: single cranial nerve involvement in 26 (89.65%) and multiple nerve involvement in 3 (10.34%). The most common isolated cranial nerve involved was the oculomotor nerve (37.9%). CT findings revealed a maximum of skull fractures with no significant association between CNP and CT *** CNP is a common consequence of TBI with the most common etiology being falls followed by RTA. Single CNP was more common than multiple CNP with no significant difference in the outcome in the 3-month GOSE score. Further research is needed to determine the burden of traumatic CNP and establish specific management guidelines for different types of CNP.

关键词： Cranial nerve palsy Nepal Outcome Traumatic brain injury

Breeding and biotechnological efforts in Jatropha curcas *** sustainable yields

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Oil Crop Science 2021年第4期6卷 180-191页

作者： S.Arockiasamy Jyothirmayi Kumpatla Sainath Hadole Vijay Yepuri Manoj Patil Vineeta Shrivastava Chandrasekhara Rao Nagesh Kancharla Saakshi Jalali Alok Varshney Neeta Madan Sai Pothakani Vinod Nair Sridhar Peyyala Vishwnadharaju Mudunuri ananthan gopal Niranjan S.Kumar Jawahar Pachiyannan Satyanarayana Seelamanthula J.V.Narasimham Makarand Phadke Anindya B Ajit Sapre Santanu Dasgupta Agronomy Division Reliance Technology GroupReliance Industries LtdGhansoliNavi Mumbai400701India Jatropha Breeding Station Reliance Industries LtdIDA-PeddapuramADB Road SamalkotaAndhra Pradesh533440India

Jatropha is a non-edible,important bioenergy plant,which can grow in marginalized *** seeds possess about 36%oil and this would be converted into biodiesel or *** provides an option for sustainable feed and fuel production due to its inherent qualities including hardy nature,drought tolerance and surviving with limited amount of water,tolerance to unfavorable conditions and excessive ***,heterozygosity,low productivity and poor understanding of its genome are the major impediments to elite line ***,classical breeding and advanced technological investments remain limited owing to long juvenile phase and breeding *** technologies that lead to identification of elite genotypes and development of high yielding elite Jatropha lines and effective methods of detoxification of seeds needs immediate *** tissue culture system,doubled haploids(DH)and genomic tools are increasingly made available to improve the seed yield and its oil quantity through the development of geminivirus disease resistant *** application of advanced,sequencing technologies has presented a repertoire of genomic information for this important yet orphan *** the present investigation,we highlight the achievements made in Jatropha towards development of high yielding,virus resistant elite lines and hybrids with yield potential ranging from 3 to 5 tons per hectare in a year,which is a first ever report in the *** also developed potential biotechnological tools such as genetic transformation,genome editing and next generation genomics tools including linkage maps and QTLs for accelerating breeding efforts through marker assisted *** of our concerted and continuous efforts during the past 15 years,we have overcome all the obstacles and developed high yielding,disease resistant hybrids/lines,advanced cultivation technologies with thorough knowledge on Agronomy of the Jatropha *** Jatropha cultivat

关键词： Breeding Hybrids Micropropagation Transformation Sequencing Mapping QTLs CRISPR

Network analyses:Inhibition of androgen receptor signaling reduces inflammation in the lung through AR-MAF-IL6 signaling axes

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 140-143页

作者： Albert R.Wang Andrew M.Baschnagel Zijian Ni Sean R.Brennan Hypatia K.Newton Darya Buehler Christina Kendziorski Randall J.Kimple gopal lyer Department of Human Oncology University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWI 53705USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53705USA University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center MadisonWI 53705USA Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Biology Tufts UniversityMedfordMA 02155USA Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWI 53705USA

Androgen receptor(AR)is a major transcription factor that plays a role in inflammatory response including interleukin-6(IL6)signaling.1 While AR regulation through paracrine loop signaling in prostate tissue is well-studied,its impact through an IL6 autocrine loop in the lung has not been wellstudied despite the organ's response to respiratory viral *** inhibition and RNA knockdown of AR identified a bZIP transcription factor MAF to be a common target of inflammation using these perturbations in lung cells.

关键词： inflammation lung respiratory

Sedation reversal trends at outpatient ambulatory endoscopic center vs in-hospital ambulatory procedure center using a triage protocol

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第7期16卷 413-423页

作者： Saqib Walayat Peter Stadmeyer Azfar Hameed Minahil Sarfaraz Paul Estrada Mark Benson Anurag Soni Patrick Pfau Paul Hayes Brittney Kile Toni Cruz Deepak gopal Department of Gastroenterology University of IllinoisPeoriaIL 61605United States Department of Gastroenterology University of WisconsinMadisonWI 53792United States Department of Internal Medicine Texas Health DentonDentonTX 76201United States Department of Internal Medicine Allama Iqbal Medical CollegeLahore 042Pakistan Department of Gastroenterology Texas Tech University Health Services CenterEl PasoTX 79911United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of WisconsinMadisonWI 53705United States Finance Business Partners UW Health University of WisconsinMadisonWI 53792United States UW Health Digestive Health Center Endoscopy University of WisconsinMadisonWI 53792United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin Hospitals and ClinicsMadisonWI 53705United States

BACKGROUND Routine outpatient endoscopy is performed across a variety of outpatient settings.A known risk of performing endoscopy under moderate sedation is the potential for over-sedation,requiring the use of reversal *** needs to be reported on rates of reversal across different outpatient *** academic tertiary care center utilizes a triage tool that directs higher-risk patients to the in-hospital ambulatory procedure center(APC)for their ***,we report data on outpatient sedation reversal rates for endoscopy performed at an inhospital APC vs at a free-standing ambulatory endoscopy digestive health center(AEC-DHC)following risk stratification with a triage *** To observe the effect of risk stratification using a triage tool on patient outcomes,primarily sedation reversal *** We observed all outpatient endoscopy procedures performed at AEC-DHC and APC from April 2013 to September *** were stratified to their respective sites using a triage *** evaluated each procedure for which sedation reversal with flumazenil and naloxone was *** and characteristics recorded include patient age,gender,body mass index(BMI),American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA)classification,procedure type,and reason for sedation *** There were 97366 endoscopic procedures performed at AEC-DHC and 22494 at the APC during the study *** these,17 patients at AEC-DHC and 9 at the APC underwent sedation reversals(0.017%vs 0.04%;P=0.06).Demographics recorded for those requiring reversal at AEC-DHC vs APC included mean age(53.5±21 vs 60.4±17.42 years;P=0.23),ASA class(1.66±0.48 vs 2.22±0.83;P=0.20),BMI(27.7±6.7 kg/m^(2) vs 23.7±4.03 kg/m^(2);P=0.06),and female gender(64.7%vs 22%;P=0.04).The mean doses of sedative agents and reversal drugs used at AEC-DHC vs APC were midazolam(5.9±1.7 mg vs 8.9±3.5 mg;P=0.01),fentanyl(147.1±49.9μg vs 188.9±74.1μg;P=0.10),flumazenil(0.3±0.18μg vs 0.17±0.17μg;P=0.13)and naloxo

关键词： Ambulatory care Conscious sedation Endoscopy Colonoscopy Risk assessment Risk factors

Manifestation of earthquake preparation zone in the ionosphere before 2021 Sonitpur,Assam earthquake revealed by GPS-TEC data

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2022年第3期13卷 230-237页

作者： gopal Sharma North Eastern Space Applications Centre Umiam793103MeghalayaIndia

Global Positioning System(GPS)Continuously Operating Reference Station(CORS)data analysis shows that the ionosphere’s electron density variability is linked to the deformation and stress accumulation in the Earth’s *** in ionosphere total electron content(TEC)variability before 2021 M6.4 Sonitpur,Assam earthquake were detected using L1 and L2 GPS frequencies that showed three distinct abnormalities on April 3,9,10,***’s correlation coefficient(r)of TEC decreases in the CORS that lies away from the earthquake epicenter,indicating the possibilities of a positive relationship between TEC variability and earthquake *** concentration also decreases towards the epicenter within the earthquake preparation zone(EPZ).It is also observed that the Pearson’s correlation coefficient(r)of TEC decreases linearly near the *** study demonstrates the possibilities of determining the TEC anomalous zone in the ionosphere that coincides with the EPZ in the crustal *** research indicated the possibilities of magnitude estimation of an impending earthquake based on the TEC anomalous zone in the ionosphere using closely spaced dense CORS network data.

关键词： GPS TEC Sonitpur earthquake Ionosphere perturbation TEC anomaly Magnitude estimation

Approaches for enhancing the photocatalytic activities of barium titanate:A review

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第10期31卷 160-188,I0004页

作者： gopal Panthi Mira Park Carbon Composite Energy Nanomaterials Research Center Woosuk UniversityWanjuChonbuk 55338Republic of Korea Woosuk Institute of Smart Convergence Life Care(WSCLC)Woosuk UniversityWanjuChonbuk 55338Republic of Korea

Barium titanate(Ba TiO_(3)),a dielectric/ferroelectric semiconductor with perovskite structures is the most widely used photocatalyst in the field of environmental applications due to its low-cost,chemical stability,and *** types and forms of Ba TiO_(3)have shown their great potential toward the significant photocatalytic reactions owing to the several beneficial properties,including appropriate band positions,high oxygen vacancies,multiple crystal structures,the feasibility of size and morphology tailoring,spontaneous polarization,rapid migration of photogenerated charge carriers,and band ***,the large band gap and recombination of photogenerated charge carriers limit the overall photocatalytic efficiency of Ba TiO_(3).These difficulties can be further overcome by modifying the electronic band structure of Ba TiO_(3)to broaden its absorption to the visible region of the ***,this review encompasses various strategies,including modification of sizes and morphologies of particles by varying the reaction time and synthesis temperature,doping with non-metals/metals,loading with noble metals,and forming heterojunctions for enhancing the photocatalytic activities of Ba TiO_(3)-based photocatalysts possessing the effective capability of charge carrier separation,trapping and their transfer to the surface of ***,this review highlights the photocatalytic applications of Ba TiO_(3)-based photocatalysts along with the proposed mechanism in dyes/drugs degradation,H_(2)production,and bacteria killing.

关键词： Electrospinning BaTiO_(3)-photocatalyst Ferroelectricity Heterojunction Environmental remediation

Experimental investigation on concrete overlaid with textile reinforced mortar:Influences of mix,temperature,and chemical exposure

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2023年第2期17卷 271-283页

作者： Smitha GOPINATH Ramesh gopal Hemalatha THIYAGARAJAN CSIR-Structural Engineering Research Centre Chennai 600113India

Textile reinforced mortar is widely used as an overlay for the repair,rehabilitation,and retrofitting of concrete ***,textile reinforced concrete has been identified as a suitable lining material for improving the durability of existing concrete *** this study,we developed a textile-reinforced mortar mix using river sand and evaluated the different characteristics of the textile-reinforced mortar under various exposure *** were carried out in two *** the first phase,the pullout strength,temperature resistance,water absorption,and compressive and bending strength values of three different textile-reinforced mortar mixes with a single type of textile reinforcement were *** the second phase,the chemical resistance of the mix that showed the best performance in the abovementioned tests was examined for use as an overlay for a concrete *** were performed on three different thicknesses of the textile reinforced mortar overlaid on concrete specimens that were subjected to acidic and alkaline *** flexural responses and degradations of the textile reinforced mortar overlaid specimens were examined by performing bending *** experimental findings indicated the feasibility of using textile reinforced mortar as an overlay for durable concrete construction practices.

关键词： textile reinforced mortar bending tests acid and alkaline environment concrete overlay

Specialized metabolites as versatile tools in shaping plant-microbe associations

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Molecular Plant 2023年第1期16卷 122-144页

作者： gopal Singh Himani Agrawal Paweł Bednarek Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Polish Academy of SciencesNoskowskiego 12/1461-704 PoznańPoland

Plants are rich repository of a large number of chemical compounds collectively referred to as specialized *** compounds are of importance for adaptive processes including responses against changing abiotic conditions and interactions with various co-existing *** of the strikingly affirmed functions of these specialized metabolites is their involvement in plants’life-long interactions with complex multi-kingdom microbiomes including both beneficial and harmful *** developments in genomic and molecular biology tools not only help to generate well-curated information about regulatory and structural components of biosynthetic pathways of plant specialized metabolites but also to create and screen mutant lines defective in their *** this review,we have comprehensively surveyed the function of these specialized metabolites and discussed recent research findings demonstrating the responses of various microbes on tested mutant lines having defective biosynthesis of particular *** addition,we attempt to provide key clues about the impact of these metabolites on the assembly of the plant microbiome by summarizing the major findings of recent comparative metagenomic analyses of available mutant lines under customized and natural microbial ***,we delineate benchmark initiatives that aim to engineer or manipulate the biosynthetic pathways to produce specialized metabolites in heterologous systems but also to diversify their immune *** denoting the function of these metabolites,we also discuss the critical bottlenecks associated with understanding and exploiting their function in improving plant adaptation to the environment.

关键词： microbiome nitrogen/sulfur-containing compounds phenylpropanoids plant immunity symbiosis terpenoids

Bilateral pericapsular end nerve blocks for steroid-induced avascular necrosis following COVID-19 infection requiring bilateral total hip replacement

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World Journal of Anesthesiology 2024年第1期13卷 1-8页

作者： Somita Christopher Sweety Dutta Thota Venkata Sanjeev gopal Department of Anaesthesiology Care HospitalsHyderabad 500025India

BACKGROUND Osteonecrosis or avascular necrosis(AVN)of the hip was one of the dreaded complications of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),which emerged in patients who received steroid *** have been a mainstay in the treatment protocol of COVID-19 *** corticosteroid drugs used in patients suffering from COVID-19 were intravenous(IV)or oral dexamethasone,methylprednisolone or *** use of such high doses of corticost-eroids has shown very positive results and has been lifesaving in many ***,long-term consequences were drug-induced diabetes,osteoporosis,Cushing syndrome,muscle wasting,peripheral fat mobilization,AVN,hirsutism,sleep disturbances and poor wound healing.A significant number of young patients were admitted for bilateral total hip replacements(THR)secondary to AVN following steroid use for COVID-19 *** To assess the efficacy of bilateral pericapsular end nerve group(PENG)blocks in patients posted for bilateral THR post-steroid therapy after COVID-19 infection and assess the time taken to first ambulate after *** This prospective observational study was conducted between January 2023 and August 2023 at Care Hospitals,Hyderabad,*** young patients 30-35 years of age who underwent bilateral THR were studied after due consent over 8 *** the patients received spinal anaesthesia for surgery and bilateral PENG blocks for postoperative *** The duration of surgery was 2.5 h on *** out of twenty patients(85%)had a Visual Analog Score(VAS)of less than 2 and did not require any *** patient was removed from the study,as he required *** remaining two patients had a VAS of more than 8 and received IV morphine post-operatively as a rescue analgesic *** out of seventeen patients(88.2%)could be mobilized 12 h after the *** Osteonecrosis or AVN of the hip was one of the dreaded complications of COVID-19

关键词： Avascular necrosis Pericapsular end nerve group block Analgesia Hip replacement COVID-19 Steroids