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A study on the mixing proportion in groundwater samples by using piper diagram and phreeqc model

Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2011年第4期30卷 490-495页

作者： Karmegam U. Chidambaram S. prasanna M.V. Sasidhar p. Manikandan S. Johnsonbabu G. Dheivanayaki V. paramaguru p. Manivannan R. Srinivasamoorthy K. anandhan p Department of Earth Sciences Annamalai University School of Engineering and Science Department of Applied GeologyCurtin University Safety Research Institute Atomic Energy Regulatory BoardIndra Gandhi Center for Atomic Research Department of Earth Sciences School of PhysicalChemical and Applied SciencesPondicherry University

piper (1944) diagram has been the basis for several important interpretations of the hydrogeochemical data. As seen in this diagram, most natural waters contain relatively few dissolved constituents, with cations (metals or bases) and anions (acid radicles) in chemical equilibrium with one another. Apart from the facies representation, the composition of the mixed sample can be identified in terms of the composition of the parental solution. To bring out this advantage of the piper diagram, a study was conducted in the Kalpakkam region of Tamilnadu, South India. By taking the geology and water table into consideration, two sample locations were selected as parent solution and third one as the mixture sample. All three samples were analyzed for calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), potassium (K), chloride (Cl), sulphate (SO4) and phosphate (pO4) by Ion Chromatograph (Metrohm IC 861). HCO3 was determined by volumetric titration. The piper diagram shows that parent solutions clustered towards Na-Mg-Ca-HCO3-Cl and Na-HCO3 facies, and the mixing sample belongs to Na-Mg-HCO3 facies. phreeqc interac-tive (Ver 2.8) along with the original composition of the mixture sample was used to correlate the mixing proportion identified by the piper diagram.

关键词：混合比例水样品 EQC模型笛碳酸氢根离子色谱仪水文数据自然水域

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Effect of Deposition potential on Synthesis, Structural,Morphological and photoconductivity Response of Cu2O Thin Films by Electrodeposition Technique

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2019年第9期32卷 1065-1074页

作者： K.p.Ganesan N.anandhan T.Marimuthu R.panneerselvam A.Amali Roselin Department of physics Saiva Bhanu Kshatriya CollegeAruppukottai 626101India Advanced Materials and Thin Film Laboratory Department of PhysicsAlagappa UniversityKaraikudi 630003India

The present work describes the effect of deposition potentials on structural,morphological,optical,electrical and photoconductivity responses of cuprous oxide(Cu2O)thin films deposited on fluorine-doped tin oxide glass substrate by employing electrodeposition technique.X-ray diffraction patterns reveal that the deposited films have a cubic structure grown along the preferential(111)growth orientation and crystallinity of the film deposited at.0.4 V is improved compared to the films deposited at.0.2,.0.3 and.0.5 *** electron microscopy displays that surface morphology of Cu2O film has a well-defined three-sided pyramid-shaped grains which are uniformly distributed over the surface of the substrates and are significantly changed as a function of deposition *** and photoluminescence spectra manifest that the film deposited at.0.4 V has a good crystal quality with higher acceptor concentration compared to other ***–visible analysis illustrates that the absorption of Cu2O thin film deposited at.0.4 V is notably higher compared to other films and the band gap of Cu2O thin films decreases from 2.1 to 2.04 eV with an increase in deposition potential from.0.2 to.0.5 *** frequency–temperature dependence of impedance analysis shows that the film deposited at.0.4 V has a high conductivity.I– V measurements elucidate that the film deposited at.0.4 V exhibits a good photoconductivity response compared to films deposited in other deposition potentials.

关键词： Electrodeposition Cu2O thin films photoconductivity response I-V measurement

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