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Indoor air pollution and respiratory health of children in the developing world

World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2013年第2期2卷 6-15页

作者： Sumal Nandasena ananda rajitha wickremasinghe Nalini Sathiakumar National Institute of Health Sciences Ministry of HealthKalutara KT 12000 Sri Lanka Department of Public Health Faculty of Medicine University of Kelaniya Department of Epidemiology School of Public Health University of Alabama at Birmingham

Indoor air pollution(IAP) is a key contributor to the global burden of disease mainly in developing countries. The use of solid fuel for cooking and heating is the main source of IAP in developing countries, accounting for an estimated 3.5 million deaths and 4.5% of Disability-Adjusted Life Years in 2010. Other sources of IAP include indoor smoking, infiltration of pollutants from outdoor sources and substances emitted from an array of human utilities and biological materials. Children are among the most vulnerable groups for adverse effects of IAP. The respiratory system is a primary target of air pollutants resulting in a wide range of acute and chronic effects. The spectrum of respiratory adverse effects ranges from mild subclinical changes and mild symptoms to life threatening conditions and even death. However, IAP is a modifiable risk factor having potential mitigating interventions. Possible interventions range from simple be-havior change to structural changes and from shifting of unclean cooking fuel to clean cooking fuel. Shifting from use of solid fuel to clean fuel invariably reduces the household air pollution in developing countries, but such a change is challenging. This review aims to summarize the available information on IAP exposure during childhood and its effects on respiratory health in developing countries. It specifically discusses the common sources of IAP, susceptibility of children to air pollution, mechanisms of action, common respiratory conditions, preventive and mitigating strategies.

关键词： Indoor air pollution Air pollution Respiratory health Children Developing countries

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