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Forest management for optimizing soil protection:a landscape-level approach

Forest Ecosystems 2021年第4期8卷 672-684页

作者： ana raquel rodrigues Susete Marques Brigite Botequim Marco Marto Jose G.Borges Forest Research Centre and Laboratory TERRA School of AgricultureUniversity of LisbonTapada da Ajuda1349-017 LisbonPortugal

Background:Soil erosion is still identified as the main cause of land degradation worldwide,threatening soil functions and driving several research and policy efforts to reverse *** are commonly associated to some of the most successful land-use systems to achieve soil protection goals,but the extent to which forest ecosystems reduce erosion risks can largely depend on management decisions and associated silvicultural *** tools can assist foresters in solving the complex planning problem they face,concerning the demand for different,and often conflicting,ecosystem services.A resource capability model(RCM),based on a linear programming approach,was built and solved for a forest landscape management problem in Northwest Portugal,over a 90-years planning horizon,divided in 10-years ***:Timber provision and soil erosion were found to be in *** management alternatives included in the model were proven to be sufficiently flexible to obtain the desired level of timber yield,both in volume and even distribution along the planning horizon,while ensuring lower levels of soil loss estimates(below 35 Mg·ha^(−1)·year^(−1)).However,under climate change conditions,compatible with an increasing greenhouse gases emission scenario,potential landscape soil erosion may be enhanced up to 46 Mg·ha^(−1)·year^(−1) in critical ***:Soil conservation concerns in landscape-level forest management planning can be addressed by LPbased optimization *** providing an optimal management solution at landscape level,this approach enables a comprehensive analysis of the RCM,possible trade-offs and potential changes towards uncertainties.

关键词： Ecosystem services Erosion Optimization Silvicultural practices

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Addressing soil protection concerns in forest ecosystem management under climate change

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Forest Ecosystems 2020年第3期7卷 432-442页

作者： ana raquel rodrigues Brigite Botequim Catarina Tavares Patrícia Pécurto JoséGBorges Forest Research Centre School of AgricultureLisbon UniversityTapada da Ajuda1349-017LisbonPortugal

Background: Climate change may strongly influence soil erosion risk, namely through variations in the precipitation pattern. Forests may contribute to mitigate the impacts of climate change on soil erosion and forest managers are thus challenged by the need to define strategies that may protect the soil while addressing the demand for other ecosystem services. Our emphasis is on the development of an approach to assess the impact of silvicultural practices and forest management models on soil erosion risks under climate change. Specifically, we consider the annual variation of the cover-management factor(C) in the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation over a range of alternative forest management models to estimate the corresponding annual soil losses, under both current and changing climate conditions. We report and discuss results of an application of this approach to a forest area in Northwestern Portugal where erosion control is the most relevant water-related ecosystem ***: Local climate change scenarios will contribute to water erosion processes, mostly by rainfall erosivity *** forest management models provide varying levels of soil protection by trees, resulting in distinct soil loss ***: Results confirm the suitability of the proposed approach to address soil erosion concerns in forest management planning. This approach may help foresters assess management models and the corresponding silvicultural practices according to the water-related services they provide.

关键词： C-factor Erosivity Ecosystem services Forest management Revised universal soil loss equation(RUSLE)

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Treatment of spinal cord injury with biomaterials and stem cell therapy in non-human primates and humans

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 343-353页

作者： ana Milena Silva Olaya Fernanda Martins Almeida ana Maria Blanco Martinez Suelen Adriani Marques PhD Program in Pathological anatomy Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Biomedical Science Institute Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Graduate Program in Pathological anatomy Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Graduate Program in Pathological anatomy(PPGAP/UFRJ) Department of Neurobiology/Institute of BiologyCampus do GragoatáNiteróiRio de JaneiroBrazil

Spinal cord injury results in the loss of sensory,motor,and autonomic functions,which almost always produces permanent physical ***,in the search for more effective treatments than those already applied for years,which are not entirely efficient,researches have been able to demonstrate the potential of biological strategies using biomaterials to tissue manufacturing through bioengineering and stem cell therapy as a neuroregenerative approach,seeking to promote neuronal recovery after spinal cord *** of these strategies has been developed and meticulously evaluated in several animal models with the aim of analyzing the potential of interventions for neuronal repair and,consequently,boosting functional *** the majority of experimental research has been conducted in rodents,there is increasing recognition of the importance,and need,of evaluating the safety and efficacy of these interventions in non-human primates before moving to clinical trials involving therapies potentially promising in *** article is a literature review from databases(PubMed,Science Direct,Elsevier,Scielo,Redalyc,Cochrane,and NCBI)from 10 years ago to date,using keywords(spinal cord injury,cell therapy,non-human primates,humans,and bioengineering in spinal cord injury).From 110 retrieved articles,after two selection rounds based on inclusion and exclusion criteria,21 articles were ***,this review arises from the need to recognize the experimental therapeutic advances applied in non-human primates and even humans,aimed at deepening these strategies and identifying the advantages and influence of the results on extrapolation for clinical applicability in humans.

关键词： bioengineering biomaterials cell therapy humans non-human primates spinal cord injury stem cell therapy

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Microglial exosomes in retinal neuroinflammation: focus in glaucoma

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第9期16卷 1801-1802页

作者： Ines Dinis Aires ana raquel Santiago University of Coimbra Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research(iCBR)Faculty of MedicineCoimbraPortugal University of Coimbra Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology(CIBB)CoimbraPortugal Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra(CACC) CoimbraPortugal Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image(AIBILI) CoimbraPortugal

Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness, expected to affect 140 million people worldwide by the year 2040. The pathophysiology of glaucoma involves retinal ganglion cell loss, optic nerve atrophy and cupping of the optic disk, culminating in visual field loss(Boia et al., 2020). Glaucoma is a multifactorial disease in which increased intraocular pressure is the main risk factor.

关键词： glaucoma inflammation al.

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Impacts of PI3K/protein kinase B pathway activation in reactive astrocytes: from detrimental effects to protective functions

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1031-1041页

作者： Ramón Pérez-Núñez María Fernanda González ana María Avalos Lisette Leyton Cellular Communication Laboratory Programa de Biología Celular y MolecularCenter for Studies on ExerciseMetabolism and Cancer(CEMC)Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas(ICBM)Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases(ACCDiS) Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences&Faculty of MedicineUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas Facultad de Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad Autónoma de ChileSantiagoChile

Astrocytes are the most abundant type of glial cell in the central nervous *** injury and inflammation,astrocytes become reactive and undergo morphological and functional *** on their phenotypic classification as A1 or A2,reactive astrocytes contribute to both neurotoxic and neuroprotective responses,***,this binary classification does not fully capture the diversity of astrocyte responses observed across different diseases and *** analysis has revealed that reactive astrocytes have a complex landscape of gene expression profiles,which emphasizes the heterogeneous nature of their *** actively participate in regulating central nervous system inflammation by interacting with microglia and other cell types,releasing cytokines,and influencing the immune *** phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT)signaling pathway is a central player in astrocyte reactivity and impacts various aspects of astrocyte behavior,as evidenced by in silico,in vitro,and in vivo *** astrocytes,inflammatory cues trigger a cascade of molecular events,where nuclear factor-κB serves as a central mediator of the pro-inflammatory ***,we review the heterogeneity of reactive astrocytes and the molecular mechanisms underlying their *** highlight the involvement of various signaling pathways that regulate astrocyte reactivity,including the PI3K/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR),αvβ3 integrin/PI3K/AKT/connexin 43,and Notch/PI3K/AKT *** targeting the inactivation of the PI3K/AKT cellular signaling pathway to control reactive astrocytes and prevent central nervous system damage,evidence suggests that activating this pathway could also yield beneficial *** dual function of the PI3K/AKT pathway underscores its complexity in astrocyte reactivity and brain function *** review emphasizes the importance of employing astrocyte-exclusive models to underst

关键词： inflammation integrins neuroprotective neurotoxic phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase reactive astrocytes signal transduction Thy-1(CD90)

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Eosinophilic esophagitis-endoscopic distinguishing findings

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第31期18卷 4221-4223页

作者： ana Célia Caetano raquel Goncalves Carla Rolanda Department of Gastroenterology Braga Hospital4710243 BragaPortugal Life and Health Sciences Research Institute School of Health SciencesUniversity of Minho4710057 BragaPortugal Life and Health Sciences Research Institute/3Bs-PT Government Associate Laboratory 4710057 BragaPortugal

Eosinophilic esophagitis （EE） is the most frequent con- dition found in a group of gastrointestinal disorders called eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases. The hypo- thetical pathophysiological mechanism is related to a hypersensitivity reaction. Gastroesophageal reflux dis- ease-like complaints not ameliorated by acid blockade or occasional symptoms of dysphagia or food impac- tion are likely presentations of EE. Due to its unclear pathogenesis and unspecific symptoms, it is difficult to diagnose EE without a strong suspicion. Although histo- togical criteria are necessary to diagnosis EE, there are some characteristic endoscopic features. We present the case of a healthy 55-year-old woman with dyspha- gia and several episodes of esophageal food impaction over the last six months. This case report stresses the most distinguishing endoscopic findings-mucosa rings, white exudative plaques and linear furrows-that can help in the prompt recognition of this condition.

关键词： Distinguishing findings Dysphagia Eosino-philic esophagitis Gastro esophageal reflux disease Histological criteria

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Creeping fat and gut microbiota in Crohn’s disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第1期31卷 16-23页

作者： ana EV Quaglio Daniéla O Magro Marcello Imbrizi Ellen CS De Oliveira Luiz C Di Stasi Ligia Y Sassaki Verum Ingredients Botucatu Technology ParkBotucatu 18605-525São PauloBrazil Department of Surgery Faculty of Medical SciencesState University of CampinasCampinas 13083-970São PauloBrazil Department of Gastroenterology Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of CampinasCampinas 13083-970São PauloBrazil Department of Internal Medicine Medical SchoolSão Paulo State UniversityBotucatu 18618-686São PauloBrazil Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology Institute of BiosciencesSão Paulo State UniversityBotucatu 18618-689São PauloBrazil

In this article,we explored the role of adipose tissue,especially mesenteric adipose tissue and creeping fat,and its association with the gut microbiota in the pathophysiology and progression of Crohn’s disease(CD).CD is a form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract,influenced by genetic predisposition,gut microbiota dysbiosis,and environmental *** microbiota plays a crucial role in modulating immune response and intestinal inflammation and is associated with the onset and progression of ***,visceral adipose tissue,particularly creeping fat,a mesenteric adipose tissue characterized by hypertrophy and fibrosis,has been implicated in CD pathogenesis,inflammation,and *** bacteria from the gut microbiota may translocate into mesenteric adipose tissue,contributing to the formation of creeping fat and influencing CD *** creeping fat may be a protective barrier against bacterial invasion,its expansion can damage adjacent tissues,leading to *** gut microbiota through interventions such as fecal microbiota transplantation,probiotics,and prebiotics has shown potential in managing ***,more research is needed to clarify the mechanisms linking gut dysbiosis,creeping fat,and CD progression and develop targeted therapies for microbiota modulation and fat-related complications in patients with CD.

关键词： Creeping fat Mesenteric adipose tissue Gut microbiota Crohn’s disease Inflammatory bowel disease

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Engineering operando methodology： Understanding catalysis in time and space

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2018年第3期12卷 509-536页

作者： raquel Portela Susana Perez-Ferreras ana Serrano-Lotina Miguel A. Banares Instituto de Catalisis y Petroleoquimica ICP-CSIC Marie Curie 2 Madrid Spain

The term operando was coined at the begin- ning of this century to gather the growing efforts devoted to establish structure-activity relationships by simulta- neously characterizing a catalyst performance and the relevant surface chemistry during genuine catalytic opera- tion. This approach is now widespread and consolidated; it has become an increasingly complex but efficient junction where spectroscopy, materials science, catalysis and engineering meet. While for some characterization techni- ques kinetically relevant reactor cells with good resolution are recently developing, the knowledge gained with magnetic resonance and X-ray and vibrational spectro- scopy studies is already huge and the scope of operando methodology with these techniques is recently expanding from studies with small amounts of powdered solids to more industrially relevant catalytic systems. Engineering catalysis implies larger physical domains, and thus all sort of gradients. Space- and time- resolved multi-technique characterization of both the solid and fluid phases involved in heterogeneous catalytic reactions （including temperature data） is key to map processes from different perspectives, which allows taking into account existing heterogeneities at different scales and facing up- and down-scaling for applications ranging from microstructured reactors to industrial-like macroreactors （operating with shaped catalytic bodies and/or in integral regime）. This work reviews how operando methodology is evolving toward engineered reaction systems.

关键词： operando structured catalysts spaceresolved time-resolved spectroscopy

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Parkinson's Disease:A Multisystem Disorder

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2023年第1期39卷 113-124页

作者： Helena Nunes Costa ana raquel Esteves Nuno Empadinhas Sandra Morais Cardoso CNC–Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology and CIBB–Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology University of Coimbra3004-504CoimbraPortugal IIIUC–Institute for Interdisciplinary Research University of Coimbra3004-504CoimbraPortugal Faculty of Medicine University of Coimbra3004-504CoimbraPortugal

The way sporadic Parkinson's disease(PD)is perceived has undergone drastic changes in recent *** a long time,PD was considered a brain disease characterized by motor disturbances;however,the identification of several risk factors and the hypothesis that PD has a gastrointestinal onset have shed additional ***,after recognition of prodromal non-motor symptoms and the pathological processes driving their evolution,there is a greater understanding of the involvement of other organ *** this reason,PD is increasingly seen as a multiorgan and multisystemic pathology that arises from the interaction of susceptible genetic factors with a challenging environment during aging-related decline.

关键词： Parkinson's disease Gut microbiome Intestinal barrier α-Synuclein Blood-brain barrier

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Influence of Pt/Ru anodic ratio on the valorization of ethanol by PEM electrocatalytic reforming towards value-added products

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第5期30卷 264-275页

作者： Alberto Rodriguez-Gomez Fernando Dorado Antonio de Lucas-Consuegra ana raquel de la Osa Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of Chemical Sciences and TechnologyUniversity of Castilla-La Mancha13071 Ciudad RealSpain

The ethanol electro-reforming process was studied over PtRu/C catalysts synthesized by the modified polyol method with different *** particular,this work reports the influence of anodic Pt:Ru ratio(5:1,2:1 and 1:2)on the organic product distribution(acetaldehyde,acetic acid and ethyl acetate)and pure hydrogen generation at different current densities operation *** characterization of the catalysts was made by X-ray diffraction(XRD),temperature-programmed reduction(TPR)and N_(2) adsorption-desorption *** patterns showed that Ru is introduced into the Pt structure,forming an alloy between both ***,the degree of alloy was higher by increasing the Ru *** TPR profiles Pt was found to be properly reduced while Ru was both in metallic state and forming *** electrochemical behaviour of each catalyst towards ethanol electroreforming process was investigated through electrochemical techniques in a half cell and a single proton exchange membrane(PEM)cell *** intermediate Pt:Ru ratio was found to result in high current density and electrochemical surface area(ECSA)values along with lower amounts of adsorbed ***,Ru addition seems to diminish the degree of degradation of the *** on characterization and in agreement with essays carried out in a PEM cell at mild conditions(80℃ and 1 atm),PtRu/C 2:1 anode provided the best electrocatalytic results in terms of current density(740 mA cm^(-2)),hydrogen production and selectivity toward acetic acid(up to 15%apart from acetaldehyde and ethyl acetate)while requiring the lowest energy consumption.

关键词： Ethanol electro-reforming PEM cell Pt:Ru anodic ratio Hydrogen production Value-added liquid product distribution

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