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Extracting Natech Reports from Large Databases: Development of a Semi-Intelligent Natech Identification Framework

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2020年第6期11卷 735-750页

作者： Xiaolong Luo ana maria cruz Dimitrios Tzioutzios Department of Urban Management Graduate School of EngineeringKyoto UniversityKyoto 615-8540Japan Disaster Prevention Research Institute Kyoto UniversityKyoto 611-0011Japan

Natural hazard-triggered technological accidents(Natechs)refer to accidents involving releases of hazardous materials(hazmat)triggered by natural *** economic losses,as well as human health and environmental problems are caused by *** this regard,learning from previous Natechs is critical for risk ***,due to data scarcity and high uncertainty concerning such hazards,it becomes a serious challenge for risk managers to detect Natechs from large databases,such as the National Response Center(NRC)*** the largest database of hazmat release incidents,the NRC database receives hazmat release reports from citizens in the United ***,callers often have incomplete details about the incidents they are *** results in many records having incomplete ***,it is quite difficult to identify and extract Natechs accurately and *** this study,we introduce machine learning theory into the Natech retrieving research,and a Semi-Intelligent Natech Identification Framework(SINIF)is proposed in order to solve the *** tested the suitability of two supervised machine learning algorithms,namely the Long ShortTerm Memory(LSTM)and the Convolutional Neural Network(CNN),and selected the former for the development of the *** to the results,the SINIF is efficient(a total number of 826,078 records were analyzed)and accurate(the accuracy is over 0.90),while 32,841 Natech reports between 1990 and 2017 were extracted from the NRC ***,the majority of those Natech reports(97.85%)were related to meteorological phenomena,with hurricanes(24.41%),heavy rains(19.27%),and storms(18.29%)as the main causes of these reported ***,this study suggests that risk managers can benefit immensely from SINIF in analyzing Natech data from large databases efficiently.

关键词： Data extraction method Machine learning Natechs Natural hazards NRC database

Households' Risk Perception and Behavioral Responses to Natech Accidents

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2017年第1期8卷 1-15页

作者： Junlei Yu ana maria cruz Akihiko Hokugo School of Humanities and Social Science Nanyang Technological University Disaster Prevention Research Institute Kyoto University Research Center for Urban Safety and Security Kobe University

This study analyzes data on households' risk perception and protective behavior following a natural disaster triggered technological accident(Natech accident)that occurred at an industrial park in Sendai during the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami, on 11 March2011. The results indicate that some households carried out multiple evacuations and that households' risk perceptions changed throughout the Natech accident evacuation process. Risk perception differed according to household location and demographic characteristics. We also found differences in the protective measures adopted for households in different locations. Specifically, those living closer to the Natech accident tended to evacuate immediately,whereas those living further away tended to shelter in place. Wind direction is discussed as a factor that influences households' risk perception and evacuation response to a Natech accident. The findings of this study advance knowledge of household behavior in response to a Natech accident and can assist emergency managers in developing strategies for better management of evacuation processes.

关键词： Evacuation behavior Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami Natech accidents Protective actions Risk perception

Vulnerability Factors of Afghan Rural Women to Disasters

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2019年第4期10卷 573-590页

作者： Marina Hamidazada ana maria cruz Muneta Yokomatsu Disaster Prevention Research Institute (DPRI) Kyoto UniversityKyoto 611-0011 Japan

Disaster management is a global challenge, but disasters do not affect men and women equally. In most of the world’s disasters, more females are impacted than males, and in Afghanistan the disparity between female and male victims is even greater. This study identifies and maps the relationships between the factors that make Afghan rural women more vulnerable to natural hazard-induced disasters. Data for this study were obtained through focus group discussions with rural women and men, as well as person-to-person interviews with employees of government and nongovernmental organizations at the national and local levels in Afghanistan. The study uses Grounded Theory and Interpretive Structural Modeling, not widely used before for this type of study, to analyze the data collected and to map the factors of vulnerability identified and their relationships. In agreement with previous studies,our findings show that insufficient disaster education,inadequate protection measures, and powerful cultural issues, both pre-and post-disaster, increase women’s vulnerability during and after disasters. In particular, cultural issues play a role after disasters by affecting women’s security, access to disaster aid, and health care. The study also found that perception regarding these cultural issues and how they affect women during disasters differs among men and women. Finally, by using Interpretive Structural Modeling, we show how the importance of the factors and their interrelationships change in predisaster and post-disaster situations. We conclude the article with some policy recommendations such as finding ways to allow women to participate in disaster planning activities and decision-making processes related to disaster risk reduction, as well as securing dedicated funds for the mainstreaming of gender in disaster risk reduction policies in Afghanistan.

关键词： Afghanistan Disaster vulnerability Gender roles Grounded Theory Rural area Women’s vulnerability

Appetite for Natech Risk Information in Japan:Understanding Citizens'Communicative Behavior Towards Risk Information Disclosure Around Osaka Bay

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2022年第3期13卷 372-390页

作者： Dimitrios Tzioutzios Jeong-Nam Kim ana maria cruz Department of Urban Management Graduate School of EngineeringKyoto UniversityKyoto615-8540Japan Gaylord College of Journalism and Mass Communication University of OklahomaNormanOK73019USA Disaster Prevention Research Institute Kyoto UniversityKyoto611-0011Japan

Effective risk communication is essential for disaster risk *** from empowering communities to make informed risk choices,risk information disclosure can also drastically enhance their disaster preparedness,especially concerning conjoint scenarios of technological and natural hazards(Natech).A fundamental precondition is the actual demand for such *** study ventures to assess whether residents around Osaka Bay have this demand,or"appetite,"for risk information disclosure,as well as to understand their communicative behavior and perceived challenges in the Japanese context through the prism of the Situational Theory of Problem *** test this framework under realistic conditions,data were collected through a household questionnaire survey from two urban areas near industrial complexes in Osaka *** results show that identifying Natech risk information deficiency as a problem was not a statistically significant predictor for individuals'motivation to ***,their motivation increased as their perceived personal involvement with the situation rose,while the perceived obstacles in doing something about it exerted a negative influence on their ***'motivation intensified their communicative actions to solve this *** segmentation underscored the elevated public perceptions concerning the issue of risk information deficiency in nearly nine out of ten *** findings indicate a strong community appetite for chemical and Natech risk information,which subsequently led to high situational motivation to engage in communicative action,particularly information *** management policy is suggested to focus on introducing chemical risk information disclosure regulatory initiatives to encourage citizen engagement.

关键词： Japan Natech risk information Participatory risk management Risk communication Situational Theory of Problem Solving(STOPS)

Data-Driven Approaches to Integrated Disaster Risk Management Special Issue of the 9th Conference of the International Society for Integrated Disaster Risk Management

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2020年第6期11卷 693-695页

作者： Vincent Lemiale Mahesh Prakash ana maria cruz CSIRO Data61 Clayton SouthVIC 3169Australia Disaster Prevention Research Institute Kyoto UniversityKyoto 611-0011Japan

The 9 th Conference of the International Society for Integrated Disaster Risk Management(IDRiM)was held in Sydney on 2–4 October *** event was hosted by Data61,the data innovation hub of Australia’s National Science Agency *** IDRiM annual conference series traditionally brings together researchers and practitioners across all disciplines of disaster risk management(DRM)and the Australian instalment was no exception.

关键词： disaster traditionally Sydney

Mobile Alert and Warning in the United States and Japan:Confronting the Challenges of International Harmonization

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2021年第6期12卷 928-934页

作者： Hamilton Bean ana maria cruz Mika Shimizu Keri K.Stephens Matthew McGlone Sharon Strover Department of Communication University of ColoradoDenver.CO 80204USA Disaster Prevention Research Institute(DPRI).Kyoto University Kyoto 611-0011Japan Graduate School of Advanced Integrated Studies in Human Survivability Kyoto UniversityKyoto 606-8501Japan Department of Communication Studies The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA School of Journalism and Media The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA

A U.S.-Japan expert workshop on mobile alert and warning was held online 8–10 September *** by the Japan Foundation’s Center for Global Partnership(CGP)and responding to the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030,the workshop compared *** Japanese mobile alert and warning contexts,systems,policies,and messages to investigate possibilities for international harmonization of mobile device-based early *** workshop’s sessions revealed two interrelated issues that repeatedly surfaced among workshop participants:culture and *** workshop illuminated several possibilities and problems confronting U.S.,Japanese,and global stakeholders as they develop,deploy,and seek to improve the effectiveness of mobile alert and warning systems and messages.

关键词： Alerts Disasters Warning Japan Mobile technology United States

Bridging the gap:Unveiling the crisis of physical inactivity in inflammatory bowel diseases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第10期30卷 1261-1265页

作者： Remus Stafie ana-maria Singeap Adrian Rotaru Carol Stanciu Anca Trifan Department of Gastroenterology Faculty of Medicine“Grigore T.Popa”University of Medicine and PharmacyIasi 700115Romania Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology “St.Spiridon”University HospitalIasi 700111Romania

In this editorial we comment on the article titled“Inflammatory bowel diseases patients suffer from significant low levels and barriers to physical activity:The BE-FIT-IBD study”published in a recent issue of the World Journal of Gastroen-terology 2023;29(41):*** bowel diseases(IBD)are emerging as a significant global health concern as their incidence continues to rise on a global scale,with detrimental impacts on quality of *** many advances have been made regarding the management of the disease,physical inactivity in these patients represents an underexplored issue that may hold the key for further and better understanding the ramifications of *** pain,fatigue,and fear of exacerbating symptoms promotes physical inactivity among IBD patients,while the lack of clear guidelines on safe exercise regimens contributes to a norm of physical *** activity(PA)is accepted to have a positive effect on disease outcomes and quality of life,while inactivity exacerbates comorbidities like cardiovascular disease and mental health ***“BE-FIT-IBD”study,focusing on PA levels and barriers in IBD patients of Southern Italy,revealed that a significant proportion(42.9%)were physically *** lack of PA is attributed to barriers such as fear of flare-ups and misconceptions about exercise exacerbating the *** study also highlighted the need for better communication between healthcare providers and patients regarding the benefits of PA and safe incorporation into ***,physical inactivity may also contribute to disability in IBD patients,having a great impact on employment *** note is the fact that IBD also comes with an important psychological burden with relevant evidence suggesting that regular PA can improve mood,reduce anxiety,and enhance mental ***“BE-FIT-IBD”study advocated for the integration of PA into IBD management,emphasizing the bidirectional link between PA and *** exe

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Physical activity Disability Psychological burden Body composition Quality of life

The 3rd Global Summit of Research Institutes for Disaster Risk Reduction:Expanding the Platform for Bridging Science and Policy Making

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2017年第2期8卷 224-230页

作者： Andrew Collins Hirokazu Tatano Wilma James Chadia Wannous Kaoru Takara Virginia Murray Charles Scawthorn Jim Mori Sarah Aziz Khalid M.Mosalam Stefan Hochrainer-Stigler Irasema Alcántara-Ayala Elisabeth Krausmann Wei-Sen Li ana maria cruz Subhajyoti Samaddar Tom De Groeve Yuichi Ono Kelvin Berryman Koji Suzuki Mark Ashley Parry Peter McGowran John G.Rees Department of Geography/Disaster and Development Network (DDN) Northumbria University Disaster Prevention Research Institute (DPRI) Kyoto University United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNISDR) Public Health England United Nations Office for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR) Scientific and Technical Advisory Group and Integrated Research on Disaster Risk (IRDR) Scientific Committee Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER) University of CaliforniaBerkeley Centre for Southeast Asia Disaster Prevention Research Initiative (SEADPRI) Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Pacific Earthquake Engineering CenterUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeley International Institute for Applied Systems analysis (IIASA) Institute of Geography National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC) APEC Emergency Preparedness Capacity Building Center (EPCC) International Research Institute of Disaster Science Tohoku University Natural Hazards Division GNS Science National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience (NIED) British Geological Survey and Research Councils UK

The Global Alliance of Disaster Research Institutes held its 3rd Global Summit of Research Institutes for Disaster Risk Reduction at the Disaster Prevention Research Institute,Kyoto University,Japan,19–21 March,*** Global Alliance seeks to contribute to enhancing disaster risk reduction(DRR) and disaster resilience through the collaboration of research organizations around the *** summit aim was to expand the platform for bridging science and policy making by evaluating the evidence base needed to meet the expected outcomes and actions of the Sendai Framework for Disaster RiskReduction 2015–2030 and its Science and Technology *** summit reflected the international nature of collaborative research and action.A pre-conference questionnaire filled out by Global Alliance members identified323 research projects that are indicative of current *** were categorized to support seven parallel discussion sessions related to the Sendai Framework priorities for *** discussion sessions focused on research that aims to deepen the understanding of disaster *** cross-cutting sessions focused on research that is aimed at the priorities for action on governance,resilience,and *** summaries were presentedin plenary sessions in support of outcomes for widely enhancing the science and policy of DRR.

关键词： Disaster risk reduction research GADRI global summit Policy Science

Treatment of spinal cord injury with biomaterials and stem cell therapy in non-human primates and humans

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 343-353页

作者： ana Milena Silva Olaya Fernanda Martins Almeida ana maria Blanco Martinez Suelen Adriani Marques PhD Program in Pathological anatomy Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Biomedical Science Institute Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Graduate Program in Pathological anatomy Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Graduate Program in Pathological anatomy(PPGAP/UFRJ) Department of Neurobiology/Institute of BiologyCampus do GragoatáNiteróiRio de JaneiroBrazil

Spinal cord injury results in the loss of sensory,motor,and autonomic functions,which almost always produces permanent physical ***,in the search for more effective treatments than those already applied for years,which are not entirely efficient,researches have been able to demonstrate the potential of biological strategies using biomaterials to tissue manufacturing through bioengineering and stem cell therapy as a neuroregenerative approach,seeking to promote neuronal recovery after spinal cord *** of these strategies has been developed and meticulously evaluated in several animal models with the aim of analyzing the potential of interventions for neuronal repair and,consequently,boosting functional *** the majority of experimental research has been conducted in rodents,there is increasing recognition of the importance,and need,of evaluating the safety and efficacy of these interventions in non-human primates before moving to clinical trials involving therapies potentially promising in *** article is a literature review from databases(PubMed,Science Direct,Elsevier,Scielo,Redalyc,Cochrane,and NCBI)from 10 years ago to date,using keywords(spinal cord injury,cell therapy,non-human primates,humans,and bioengineering in spinal cord injury).From 110 retrieved articles,after two selection rounds based on inclusion and exclusion criteria,21 articles were ***,this review arises from the need to recognize the experimental therapeutic advances applied in non-human primates and even humans,aimed at deepening these strategies and identifying the advantages and influence of the results on extrapolation for clinical applicability in humans.

关键词： bioengineering biomaterials cell therapy humans non-human primates spinal cord injury stem cell therapy