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sex differences in Alzheimer's disease:an urgent research venue to follow

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2569-2570页

作者： Raquel Jiménez-Herrera ana Contreras Juan D.Navarro-López Lydia Jiménez-Díaz Neurophysiology&Behavior Lab University of Castilla-La ManchaSchool of Medicine of Ciudad RealCiudad RealSpain

Due to increasing life expectancy,the amount of people with dementia worldwide is expected to experience a substantial rise,with estimates indicating a growth from 55 million in 2019 to a staggering 139 million by the... 详细信息

关键词： Alzheimer predominant estimates

A comprehensive look at the psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology of spinal cord injury and its progression: mechanisms and clinical opportunities

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Military Medical Research 2024年第2期11卷 228-267页

作者： Miguel A.Ortega Oscar Fraile-Martinez Cielo García-Montero sergio Haro Miguel Ángel Álvarez-Mon Diego De Leon-Oliva ana M.Gomez-Lahoz Jorge Monserrat Mar Atienza-Pérez David Díaz Elisa Lopez-Dolado Melchor Álvarez-Mon Department of Medicine and Medical specialities University of Alcala28801 Alcala de HenaresSpain Ramón y Cajal Institute of sanitary Research(IRYCIs) 28034 MadridSpain Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor28031 MadridSpain service of Rehabilitation National Hospital for Paraplegic PatientsCarr.de la PeraledaS/N45004 ToledoSpain Immune system Diseases‑Rheumatology service and Internal Medicine University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias(CIBEREHD)28806 Alcala de HenaresSpain

spinal cord injury(sCI)is a devastating and disabling medical condition generally caused by a traumatic event(primary injury).This initial trauma is accompanied by a set of biological mechanisms directed to ameliorate neural damage but also exacerbate initial damage(secondary injury).The alterations that occur in the spinal cord have not only local but also systemic consequences and virtually all organs and tissues of the body incur important changes after sCI,explaining the progression and detrimental consequences related to this ***(PNIE)is a growing area of research aiming to integrate and explore the interactions among the different systems that compose the human organism,considering the mind and the body as a *** initial traumatic event and the consequent neurological disruption trigger immune,endocrine,and multisystem dysfunction,which in turn affect the patient's psyche and *** the present review,we will explore the most important local and systemic consequences of sCI from a PNIE perspective,defining the changes occurring in each system and how all these mechanisms are ***,potential clinical approaches derived from this knowledge will also be collectively presented with the aim to develop integrative therapies to maximize the clinical management of these patients.

关键词： spinal cord injury(sCI) Psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology(PNIE) secondary injury Immunoinflammatory dysfunction Gut microbiota Translational opportunities

饲喂有机硒对哺乳犊牛生产性能和免疫反应的影响

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饲料博览 2014年第11期24卷 32-32页

作者： Márcia s V s Marcus A Z Luiz C R J Fernando A s ana ec s az Elyara M s Lúcia H F Yara M L V

研究旨在探讨在哺乳犊牛饲料中添加不同水平的硒,直接作用于皱胃时犊牛免疫系统的增强和生长性能的提高是否优于瘤胃。选用75日龄的新生犊牛(荷斯坦×新泽西州)30头,随机分配成3组:C组为对照组(不补充硒,硒源只来源于牛奶中);se A组为皱... 详细信息

研究旨在探讨在哺乳犊牛饲料中添加不同水平的硒,直接作用于皱胃时犊牛免疫系统的增强和生长性能的提高是否优于瘤胃。选用75日龄的新生犊牛(荷斯坦×新泽西州)30头,随机分配成3组:C组为对照组(不补充硒,硒源只来源于牛奶中);se A组为皱胃0.80 mg·头-1·d-(1注射);se R组为瘤胃0.80 mg·头-1·d-(1口服)。犊牛在30日龄时,两个试验组犊牛血液中硒的浓度极显著高于对照组(P=0.001)。两个试验组犊牛的巨噬细胞的吞噬活性高于对照组,其中se A组极显著高于se R组(P=0.007)。在犊牛30日龄期间,各组间犊牛的中性粒细胞和血细胞比容的氧化活性无显著差异。30日龄se R组的哺乳犊牛的干物质采食量(P=0.059)和胸围增益(P=0.059)均显著高于se A组(P<0.01)。与对照组相比,补充硒可有效提高犊牛的饲料转化率(P=0.075)。30日龄各组犊牛的体增重(P=0.059)、高度和长度均无显著差异。在75日龄时,补充硒的犊牛的血液中硒含量(P=0.079)和胸围(P=0.088)呈现增加的趋势。在哺乳犊牛的牛奶中补充有机硒0.80 mg可增加血清中硒含量,并增强其30日龄时的免疫机能。对犊牛皱胃补充硒其免疫反应优于对犊牛瘤胃的补充。此外,补充硒可减少对动物生产中腹泻。补硒不能哺乳犊牛生长,但可以提高哺乳期间的免疫功能。

关键词：单核细胞矿物质中性粒细胞营养免疫系统

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第27期12卷 4392-4396页

作者： Andrés Duarte-Rojo ana Lezama-Barreda María Teresa Ramírez-Iglesias Mario Peláez-Luna Guillermo Robles-Díaz Department of Internal Medicine Vasco de Quiroga 15Sectión ⅩⅥTlalpanCP 14000MéxicoDFMéxico Department of Gastroenterology Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador ZubiránVasco de Quiroga 15Sección ⅩⅥTlalpanCP 14000MéxicoDFMéxico Department of Experimental Medicine Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoHospital General de MéxicoDr. Balmis 148 PB Colonia DoctoresCP 06726MexicoDFMéxico

AIM： To evaluate the relationship between leptin and systemic inflammation in acute pancreatitis. METHODs： Consecutive patients with acute pancreatitis were included. Body mass index and serum samples were obtained at admission. Leptin, TNF-α, IL-6, -8 and -10 levels were determined by ELIsA. severity was defined according to Atlanta criteria. REsULTs： Fifty-two （29 females） patients were studied. Overall body mass index was similar between mild and severe cases, although women with severe pancreatitis had lower body mass index （P = 0.04） and men showed higher body mass index （P = 0.05）. No difference was found in leptin levels regarding the severity of pancreatitis, but higher levels tended to appear in male patients with increased body mass index and severe pancreatitis （P = 0.1）. A multivariate analysis showed no association between leptin levels and severity. The strongest cytokine associated with severity was IL-6. Correlations of leptin with another cytokines only showed a trend for IL-8 （P = 0.058）. CONCLUsION： High body mass index was associated with severity only in males, which may be related to android fat distribution. serum leptin seems not to play a role on the systemic inflammatory response in acute pancreatitis and its association with severe outcome in males might represent a marker of increased adiposity.

关键词： Leptin Cytokines Obesity Acute pancreatitis Prognosis

Clinical characteristics and type of antithrombotic treatment in a spanish cohort of elderly patients with atrial fibrillation according to dependency, frailty and cognitive impairment

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2018年第4期15卷 268-274页

作者： Jose Maria Mostaza Manuel Jesús Romero Jiménez Fernando José Ruiz Laiglesia José Antonio Díaz Peromingo Manuel Beltrán Robles Ernesto Guevara sierra ana santander Bilbao Carmen suárez Hospital Carlos III Madrid Spain Hospital Infanta Elena Huelva Spain Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa Zaragoza Spain Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de santiago Santiago de Compostela Spain Hospital Virgen del Camino Sanlucar-Cádiz Spain Centro socio-sanitario Vallparadís Terrassa Spain Hospital de Basurto Bilbao Spain Hospital Universitario de La Princesa Madrid Spain

Background Available data regarding clinical profile and management of elderly patients with atrial fibrillation （AF） according to dependency, fragility and cognitive impairment are scarce. The objective of the study was to analyze the biodemographic data, clinical profile and antithrombotic treatment according to dependency, fragility and cognitive impairment in elderly AF patients. Methods Cross- sectional and multi-center study performed in consecutive AF patients ≥ 75 years treated with oral anticoagulants ≥ 3 months attended in Internal Medicine Departments in spain. Results A total of 837 patients （83.0 ± 5.0 years; CHA2Ds2-VAsc： 5.0 ± 1.4; HAs-BLED： 2.1 ± 0.9） were included. 44.4% of patients had some degree of dependency, 43.3% were fragile, and 32.3% had cognitive impairment. Patients with any of these conditions were older, had a worse clinical profile, with more comorbidities and higher risks of thromboembolic and bleeding events. All these conditions were independently associated among them. Overall, 70.8% of patients were taking vitamin K antagonists, the remaining 29.2% direct oral anticoagulants and 9.7% oral antiplatelets. This distribution was independent of the presence of dependency or fragility, but there was a trend to a higher prescription of vitamin K antagonists in those patients with cognitive impairment （75.2% vs. 68.8%; P = 0.05）. Conclusions Approximately 32%-44% of elderly anticoagulated AF patients attended have some degree of dependency, fragility and/or cognitive impairment. Patients with any of these conditions are older and have a worse clinical profile. Ap？proximately 71% of patients are taking vitamin K antagonists, regardless dependency or frailty, but with a trend to higher prescription in patients with cognitive impairment.

关键词： Atrial fibrillation Cognitive impairment Dependency Fragility Oral anticoagulants

Feeding behavior, life history, and virus transmission ability of Bemisia tabaci Mediterranean species (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) under elevated CO2

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Insect science 2020年第3期27卷 558-570页

作者： Ainara Penalver-Cruz Elisa Garzo Ines Prieto-Ruiz Miguel Diaz-Carro ana Winters Aranzazu Moreno Alberto Fereres Departamento de Proteccion vegetal Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias(ICA-CSIC)MadridSpain Laboratorio de Control Biologico Instituto de Ciencias BiologicasUniversidad de TalcaTalcaChile Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural SciencesAberystwyth UniversityAberystwythCeredigionUK

The continuous rise of CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere is reducing plant nutritional quality for herbivores and indirectly affects their *** whitefly(Bemisia tabaci,Gennadius)is a major worldwide pest of agricultural crops causing significant yield *** study investigated the plant‐mediated indirect effects of elevated CO2 on the feeding behavior and life history of *** Mediterranean *** were grown under elevated and ambient CO2 concentrations for 3 weeks after which plants were either used to monitor the feeding behavior of whiteflies using the Electrical Penetration Graph technique or to examine fecundity and fertility of *** leaf carbon,nitrogen,phenols and protein contents were also analyzed for each *** tabaci feeding on plants exposed to elevated CO2 showed a longer phloem ingestion and greater fertility compared to those exposed to ambient CO2 suggesting that *** is capable of compensating for the plant nutritional ***,this study looked at the transmission of the virus Tomato yellow leaf curl virus(Begomovirus)by *** exposing source and receptor tomato plants to ambient or elevated CO2 levels before or after virus transmission *** indicate that *** transmitted the virus at the same rate independent of the CO2 levels and plant ***,we conclude that *** Mediterranean species prevails over the difficulties that changes in CO2 concentrations may cause and it is predicted that under future climate change conditions,*** would continue to be considered a serious threat for agriculture worldwide.

关键词： carbon dioxide eggplant EPG fitness tomato whiteflies

Applicability of an eddy covariance system based on a close-path quantum cascade laser spectrometer for measuring nitrous oxide fluxes from subtropical vegetable fields

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Atmospheric and Oceanic science Letters 2016年第5期9卷 381-387页

作者： WANG Dong WANG Kai Eugenio Díaz-PINs ZHENG Xunhua Klaus BUTTERBACH-BAHL state Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences (IAP-CAS) College of Earth science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research Atmospheric Environmental ResearchKarlsruhe Institute of Technology

The soil of subtropical vegetable fields is an important source of the atmospheric greenhouse gas nitrous oxide（N2O）. In a field study in subtropical China, the authors used an eddy covariance（ec）system based on a close-path quantum cascade laser（QCL） spectrometer to measure N2O fluxes from a vegetable field. During the experimental period from 9 October 2014 to 18 February 2015,the observed half-hourly N2O fluxes ranged from.10.7 to 1077.4 μg N m^-2h^-1, with a mean value of99.3 μg N m^-2h^-1. The detection limit（95% confidence level） of the ec system for half-hourly fluxes was estimated at 18.5 μg N m^-2h^-1, i.e. smaller than 97.5% of all measured fluxes, and within the range of the lower limit of reported N2O emissions from subtropical vegetable fields. The random uncertainties in the half-hourly fluxes were estimated at 60% on average, of which 62% was due to stochastic variations caused by turbulence and 38% by instrumental noise. The flux systematic uncertainties were estimated at.18% on average, mainly due to the spectral attenuation; however,this negative bias had already been corrected for by calculating half-hourly fluxes. In conclusion,the close-path QCL-based ec technique is capable of measuring the N2O fluxes from the subtropical vegetable fields of China with high reliability and accuracy.

关键词： Nitrous oxide flux quantum cascade laser eddy covariance subtropical vegetable field

Presenilin mutations and their impact on neuronal differentiation in Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第1期17卷 31-37页

作者： Mercedes A.Hernández-sapiéns Edwin E.Reza-Zaldívar ana L.Márquez-Aguirre Ulises Gómez-Pinedo Jorge Matias-Guiu Ricardo R.Cevallos Juan C.Mateos-Díaz Víctor J.sánchez-González Alejandro A.Canales-Aguirre Unidad de Evaluación Preclínica Unidad de Biotecnología Médica y FarmacéuticaCentro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de JaliscoGuadalajaraMéxico Instituto de Neurociencias IdISSCHospital Clínico San CarlosMadridEspaña Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Department University of AlabamaBirminghamAlabama Unidad de Biotecnología Industrial Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de JaliscoGuadalajaraMéxico Centro Universitario de los Altos Universidad de GuadalajaraGuadalajaraMéxico

The presenilin genes(PsEN1 and PsEN2)are mainly responsible for causing early-onset familial Alzheimer’s disease,harboring~300 causative mutations,and representing~90%of all mutations associated with a very aggressive disease *** 1 is the catalytic core of theγ-secretase complex that conducts the intramembranous proteolytic excision of multiple transmembrane proteins like the amyloid precursor protein,Notch-1,N-and E-cadherin,LRP,syndecan,Delta,Jagged,CD44,ErbB4,and *** 1 plays an essential role in neural progenitor maintenance,neurogenesis,neurite outgrowth,synaptic function,neuronal function,myelination,and ***,an imbalance caused by mutations in presenilin 1/γ-secretase might cause aberrant signaling,synaptic dysfunction,memory impairment,and increased Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio,contributing to neurodegeneration during the initial stages of Alzheimer’s disease *** review focuses on the neuronal differentiation dysregulation mediated by PsEN1 mutations in Alzheimer’s ***,we emphasize the importance of Alzheimer’s disease-induced pluripotent stem cells models in analyzing PsEN1 mutations implication over the early stages of the Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis throughout neuronal differentiation impairment.

关键词： familial Alzheimer’s disease familial Alzheimer’s disease-induced pluripotent stem cells models induced pluripotent stem cells neurogenesis neuronal differentiation Notch presenilin 1 PsEN1 mutations γ-secretase complex

Development And Characterization of Ultra Low Cement Castable Cordierites by Thixotropic Properties Mixtures

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Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry 2012年第4期2卷 96-98页

作者： ana M. Paniagua-Mercado Arturo Méndez-sánchez Elvia Díaz Valdés Concepción Mejía García Depto. de Física Escuela Superior de Física y Matemáticas Instituto Politécnico Nacional Col. Lindavista CP 03778 México D. F. México

The main target in this investigation was to take advantage of the reology properties of the tixotropic mixes in Ultra Low Cement Castables (ULCC). The cordierite phase in refractory mix can be obtained using raw materials with magnesium oxide in its composition, such as, Mg(OH)2 or H2Mg3(siO3)4 (Talc mineral), with a content of? 63.5% siO2, 31.7% MgO and 4.8% H2O. In this investigation, as magnesium source, a commercial calcined magnesite with 90% MgO was used.? This mineral was selected instead of Talc mineral, because this last contains more impurities in its composition that tend to form more amounts of liquid phases with low fusion points. For this work two different ULCC mixes were designed. These were fired at 1260 oC, the cordierite phase was quantified in each mix.

关键词： Reology Thixotropic Mixtures Ultra Low Cement Castables Cordierite