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Downed logs improve soil properties in old-growth temperate forests of northern Iran

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Pedosphere 2020年第3期30卷 378-389页

作者： Negar MOGHIMIAN Seyed Gholamali JALALI Yahya KOOcH ana REY Faculty of Natural Resources&Marine Sciences Tarbiat Modares UniversityNoor 46417-76489Iran Department of Biogeography and Global change National Museum of Natural History(MNCN)Spanish Scientific Council(CSIC)C/Serrano 115bisMadrid 28006(Spain

Dead trees, particularly downed logs, play an important role in the dynamics of forest ecosystem. contribution of decaying wood to c and nutrient pools of forest soils depends on the tree species and degree of wood decay. However, the extent to which the downed logs affect the soil properties of temperate forests has rarely been evaluated. In this study, a mixed beech forest was selected in Liresar region of Mazandaran Province, northern Iran, to investigate if and how the presence of downed logs affected soil quality and function by comparing soils underneath degraded logs and nearby soils of the two dominant tree species(beech and hornbeam). We then explored how these effects occurred as downed logs decomposed by comparing the woods of both tree species at four degrees of decomposition. Degree of decay of downed logs was classified into four classes(Dc1–Dc4). Eight dead trees of each tree species were selected at the center of each sample plot. Three composite soil samples underneath each decaying log and 100 cm away from a decaying log were collected at two soil depths(0–15 and 15–30 cm) to analyze soil main physicochemical properties and microbial activity. The results revealed that downed logs affected soil physical(5% wetter than control soils), chemical(2% lower pH, 100% increase in organic c and total N in the case of hornbeam, and 2% increase in P), and biological characteristics(soil microbial respiration enhanced by 10%, and microbial biomass c 620 and 351.5 mg kg-1 and microbial biomass N 66.47 and 32.18 mg kg-1, respectively, in the cases of beech and hornbeam), thus resulting in significantly different soil microsites from those without downed logs. Presence of downed logs increased soil microbial activity and soil fertility as wood decayed. Thus, the presence of downed logs is an important factor influencing forest soils and should be taken into consideration in forest management practices.

关键词： beech course woody debris dead tree decay degree hornbeam soil microbial activity soil physicochemical properties

Parkinson's disease, heart disease and propolis consumption

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2021年第5期19卷 467-468页

作者： Fulvio A.Scorza Antonio-carlos G.de Almeida carla A.Scorza ana c.Fiorini Josef Finsterer Disciplina de Neurociência Escola Paulista de MedicinaUniversidade Federal de Sao Paulo(EPM/UNIFESP)Sao PauloSP 04021-001Brazil centro de Neurociências e Saúde da Mulher Escola Paulista de MedicinaUniversidade Federal de Sao Paulo(EPM/UNIFESP)Sao PauloSP04021-001Brazil Departamento de Engenharia de Biossistemas Universidade Federal de Sao Joao del-Rei(UFSJ)Sao Joao del-ReiMG36307-352Brazil Departamento de Fonoaudiologia Escola Paulista de MedicinaUniversidade Federal de Sao Paulo(EPM/UNIFESP)Sao PauloSP04021-001Brazil Brazil-Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduado em Fonoaudiologia Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Sao Paulo(PUC-SP)Sao PauloSP04021-001Brazil Klinikum Landstrasse Messerli InstituteVienna 1210Austria

It is reported that neurodegeneration is a process that is implicated in both neuropharmacological disorders and brain aging [1].Research has shown that natural products have a wide range of pharmacological and biolog... 详细信息

关键词： Parkinson’s disease heart disease and propolis consumption

Effects of living and metabolically inactive mesenchymal stromal cells and their derivatives on monocytes and macrophages

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World Journal of Stem cells 2021年第9期13卷 1160-1176页

作者： Alexia Nedel Sant'ana Anelise Bergmann Araújo Fabiany da costa Gonçalves ana Helena Paz Laboratório de células Tecidos e Genes Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035-903RSBrazil centro de Processamento celular Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035-903RSBrazil Department of Internal Medicine Erasmus Medical CenterRotterdam 3015 GDNetherlands Departamento de ciências Morfológicas Instituto de Ciências Básicas da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90035-903RSBrazil

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MScs) are multipotent and self-renewing stem cellsthat have great potential as cell therapy for autoimmune and inflammatorydisorders, as well as for other clinical conditions, due to their immunoregulatoryand regenerative properties. MScs modulate the inflammatory milieu by releasingsoluble factors and acting through cell-to-cell mechanisms. MScs switch theclassical inflammatory status of monocytes and macrophages towards a nonclassicaland anti-inflammatory phenotype. This is characterized by an increasedsecretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines, a decreased release of pro-inflammatorycytokines, and changes in the expression of cell membrane molecules and inmetabolic pathways. The MSc modulation of monocyte and macrophage phenotypesseems to be critical for therapy effectiveness in several disease models, sincewhen these cells are depleted, no immunoregulatory effects are observed. Here,we review the effects of living MScs (metabolically active cells) and metabolicallyinactive MScs (dead cells that lost metabolic activity by induced inactivation) andtheir derivatives (extracellular vesicles, soluble factors, extracts, and microparticles)on the profile of macrophages and monocytes and the implications forimmunoregulatory and reparative processes. This review includes mechanisms ofaction exhibited in these different therapeutic appro-aches, which induce the antiinflammatoryproperties of monocytes and macrophages. Finally, we overviewseveral possibilities of therapeutic applications of these cells and their derivatives,with results regarding monocytes and macrophages in animal model studies andsome clinical trials.

关键词： Mesenchymal stromal cells Macrophage Monocyte Immunomodulation cell therapy Immunoregulation

Setting large-and medium-sized mammal restoration goals in a last mountain chaco remnant from central Argentina

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Ecological Processes 2023年第1期12卷 301-312页

作者： Daniel Renison Harold Rusbelth Quispe-Melgar GAErica cuyckens ana Mcingolani centro de Ecología y Recursos Naturales Renovables Dr.Ricardo LutiInstituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y TecnológicasUniversidad Nacional de Córdoba-CONICETAv.Vélez Sarsfield 1611X5016GCA CórdobaArgentina Ecosistemas argentinos 27 de abril 2050CórdobaCórdobaArgentina Facultad de ciencias de la Salud Universidad ContinentalHuancayoPeru centro de Estudios Territoriales Ambientales y Sociales(cETAS UNJu)Instituto de Ecorregiones Andinas(INECOAUNJu-CONICET)Alberdi 474600San Salvador de JujuyJujuyArgentina Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal CONICET-Universidad Nacional de CórdobaAv.Vélez Sarsfield 1611X5016GCA CórdobaArgentina.

Background Setting large-and medium-sized wild mammal(≥2 kg)restoration goals is important due to their role as ecosystem engineers and generalized numeric ***,determining wild mammal restoration goals is very challenging due to difficulties in obtaining data on current mammal density and due to unclear information on what mammal density values should be used as a *** we chose a 154 ha conservation area within one of the last remnants of the mountainous chaco from central *** suspected that extensive and unreported defaunation had occurred due to past human pressure and the introduction of non-native *** conduct the analyses,we used a simplified technique that integrates methods used in rangeland and ecological *** Eight native mammal species including only one herbivore species,and four non-native mammal species including three herbivore species were detected during 6113 camera trap *** used known cattle densities as estimated by droppings and direct counts,together with the relative abundance indexes obtained from camera trap photos to calculate the densities of the other species,correcting for mammal *** for the least and most abundant native species were 0.2 and 1.33 individuals km^(-2),respectively;and for non-native species,0.03 and 5.00 individuals km^(-2),*** and non-native species represented 0.8%and 99.2%,respectively,of the bio-mass *** values for native herbivore biomass,as estimated from net primary productivity,were 68 times higher than values estimated for the study area(3179 vs.46.5 kg km^(-2)).conclusions There is an urgent need to increase native mammals,with special emphasis on herbivore biomass and richness,while non-native mammal numbers must be *** cattle are widespread in large portions of the globe and there is a lot of experience estimating their abundances,the ratio method we used extrapolating from cattle to other large-and medium-s

关键词： camera trap Mammal survey Reference biomass Exotic mammal

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Neuropathic pain-like symptoms and pre-surgery radiographic severity contribute to patient satisfaction 4.8 years post-total joint replacement

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2017年第10期8卷 761-769页

作者： Sophie c Warner Helen Richardson Wendy Jenkins Thomas Kurien Michael Doherty ana M Valdes Academic Rheumatology University of NottinghamClinical Sciences BuildingNottingham City Hospital Department of cardiovascular Sciences University of Leicester and National Institute for Health Res-earchLeicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit Arthritis Research UK Pain centre Academic Division of Trauma and Orthopaedics Queens Medical Centre

AIM To investigate a comprehensive range of factors that contribute to long-term patient satisfaction post-total joint replacement(TJR) in people who had undergone knee or hip replacement for *** Participants(n = 1151) were recruited from Nottinghamshire post-total hip or knee replacement. Questionnaire assessment included medication use, the pain-DETEcT questionnaire(PDQ) to assess neuropathic pain-like symptoms(NP) and TJR satisfaction measured on average 4.8 years post-TJR. Individual factors were tested for an association with post-TJR satisfaction, before incorporating all factors into a full model. Data reduction was carried out using LASSO and receiveroperator characteristic(ROc) curve analysis was used to quantify the contribution of variables to post-TJR *** After data reduction, the best fitting model for post-TJR satisfaction included various measures of pain, history of revision surgery, smoking, pre-surgical X-ray severity, WOMAc function scores and various comorbidities. ROc analysis of this model gave AUc = 0.83(95%cI: 0.80-0.85). PDQ scores were found to capture much of the variation in post-TJR satisfaction outcomes: AUc = 0.79(0.75-0.82). Pre-surgical radiographic severity was associated with higher post-TJR satisfaction: OR_(satisfied) = 2.06(95%cI: 1.15-3.69), P = *** These results highlight the importance of pre-surgical radiographic severity, post-TJR function, analgesic medication use and NP in terms of post-TJR satisfaction. The PDQ appears to be a useful tool in capturing factors that contribute to post-TJR satisfaction.

关键词： Osteoarthritis Patient satisfaction Total joint arthroplasty Neuropathic pain Surgery outcomes

Eosinophilic esophagitis-endoscopic distinguishing findings

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第31期18卷 4221-4223页

作者： ana célia caetano Raquel Goncalves carla Rolanda Department of Gastroenterology Braga Hospital4710243 BragaPortugal Life and Health Sciences Research Institute School of Health SciencesUniversity of Minho4710057 BragaPortugal Life and Health Sciences Research Institute/3Bs-PT Government Associate Laboratory 4710057 BragaPortugal

Eosinophilic esophagitis （EE） is the most frequent con- dition found in a group of gastrointestinal disorders called eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases. The hypo- thetical pathophysiological mechanism is related to a hypersensitivity reaction. Gastroesophageal reflux dis- ease-like complaints not ameliorated by acid blockade or occasional symptoms of dysphagia or food impac- tion are likely presentations of EE. Due to its unclear pathogenesis and unspecific symptoms, it is difficult to diagnose EE without a strong suspicion. Although histo- togical criteria are necessary to diagnosis EE, there are some characteristic endoscopic features. We present the case of a healthy 55-year-old woman with dyspha- gia and several episodes of esophageal food impaction over the last six months. This case report stresses the most distinguishing endoscopic findings-mucosa rings, white exudative plaques and linear furrows-that can help in the prompt recognition of this condition.

关键词： Distinguishing findings Dysphagia Eosino-philic esophagitis Gastro esophageal reflux disease Histological criteria

Sudden openings and gradual closures in canopy cover modulate acclimation,survival,and growth of a shade-tolerant rainforest tree species

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第5期35卷 78-90页

作者： ana Paula Moretti Flavia Yesica Olguin Juan Marcelo Gauna corina Graciano INFIVE(cONIcET-Universidad Nacional de La Plata) Diagonal 113 N°4951900 La PlataProvincia de Buenos AiresArgentina cONIcET Godoy Cruz 2290C1425FQB Buenos AiresArgentina Facultad de ciencias Agrariasy Forestales Universidad Nacional de La PlataCalle 60y 1181900 La PlataProvincia de Buenos AiresArgentina Facultad de ciencias Forestales Universidad Nacional de MisionesBertoni 124 km 33380 EldoradoProvincia de MisionesArgentina

Forest disturbances at gap levels are one of the most important events for the regeneration and establishment of intermediate tree *** canopy openings expose plants to high light intensity and high evaporative demands that stress shade-acclimated ***,the slow closure of gaps reduces light availability to plants established when the incident irradiation was *** work evaluated the morphological and physiological acclimation of cabralea canjerana(Vell)*** to sudden and to gradual changes in canopy cover.A pot experiment was carried out with plants exposed to a sudden opening.A few days after the light shock,plants rapidly increased photosynthetic rates and decreased leaf water *** two months,plants activated physiological responses at leaf and whole plant levels to high light and water stresses,e.g.,increased stoma-tal conductance,stomatal index and reduction of leaf:fine roots ratio and *** seven months,hydraulic conductivity of petioles and the whole leaf increased,and growth was much higher than plants that remained under the *** a field experiment in gaps in the rainforest,plants acclimated to all canopy *** years after planting,growth was maximum in open environments within the gaps,even if the canopy closed during the first 20 months after *** conclusion,if this species is planted to enrich the rainforest,positions within gaps with lower canopy cover should be chosen and gap closure will not affect *** manage *** natural regeneration,the opening of gaps and removal of understory will increase survival and growth without the risk that the stress caused by these sudden openings could lead to the death of ***-bining pot and field experiments helps to understand the autecology of trees with particular ecological interest,and to build sound restoration practices.

关键词： cabralea canjerana Atlantic forest Abiotic stress Regeneration Seedling

PET-modified red mud as catalysts for oxidative desulfurization reactions

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第7期29卷 312-320页

作者： Nayara T.do Prado ana P.Heitmann Herman S.Mansur Alexandra A.Mansur Luiz c.A.Oliveira cinthia S.de castro Department of chemistry Federal University of Minas GeraisAv.Antonio Carlos 6627Campus Pampulha31270-901BH-MGBrazil Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Au.Antonio Carlos 6627Campus Pampulha31270-901BH-MGBrazil

This work describes the synthesis of catalysts based on red mud/polyethylene terephthalate（PET） composites and their subsequent heat treatment under N2 *** materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）,temperature programmed reduction（TPR）,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FT–IR）,X-ray diffraction（XRD）,thermogravimetric（TG） analysis and N2adsorption/*** catalysts were evaluated in the oxidative desulfurization reaction of dibenzothiophene（DBT） in a biphasic *** results indicated that the PET impregnation on red mud increased the affinity of the catalyst with the nonpolar phase（fuel）,in which the contaminant was dissolved,allowing a higher conversion（up to 80%） and selectivity to the corresponding dibenzothiophene *** sulfone compound is more polar than DBT and diffused into the polar solvent as indicated by the data obtained via gas chromatography–mass spectrometry（Gc–MS）.

关键词： Red mud PET Dibenzothiophene Desulfurization Dibenzothiophene sulfone

An Architecture for Software Engineering Gamification

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2020年第6期25卷 776-797页

作者： Oscar Pedreira Felix Garcia Mario Piattini Alejandro cortinas ana cerdeira-Pena the Universidade da coruna Centro de Investigacion CITICLaboratorio de Bases de DatosFacultade de InformaticaElvinaA Coruna15071Spain the Universidad de castilla-La Mancha Grupo AlarcosEscuela Superior de InformaticaPaseo de la Universidad4Ciudad Real13071Spain.

Gamification has been applied in software engineering to improve quality and results by increasing people’s motivation and engagement.A systematic mapping has identified research gaps in the field,one of them being the difficulty of creating an integrated gamified environment comprising all the tools of an organization,since most existing gamified tools are custom developments or *** this paper,we propose a gamification software architecture that allows us to transform the work environment of a software organization into an integrated gamified environment,i.e.,the organization can maintain its tools,and the rewards obtained by the users for their actions in different tools will mount *** developed a gamification engine based on our proposal,and we carried out a case study in which we applied it in a real software development *** case study shows that the gamification engine has allowed the company to create a gamified workplace by integrating custom-developed tools and off-the-shelf tools such as Redmine,TestLink,or JUnit,with the gamification *** main advantages can be highlighted:(i)our solution allows the organization to maintain its current tools,and(ii)the rewards for actions in any tool accumulate in a centralized gamified environment.

关键词： gamification software engineering gamification architecture gamification engine