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Retinal microglial activation in glaucoma:evolution over time in a unilateral ocular hypertension model

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第4期17卷 797-799页

作者： JoséA.Fernández-Albarral ana i.ramírez Rosa de Hoz Juan J.Salazar instituto de investigaciones Oftalmológicas ramón Castroviejo Universidad Complutense de MadridMadridSpain Facultad deÓptica y Optometría Departamento de InmunologíaOftalmología y ORLUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadridSpain

Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative chronic pathology,characterized by the loss of retinal ganglion cells(RGC),which leads to an irreversible vision field *** increased intraocular pressure(iOP)constitutes its main risk ***,the main treatments for glaucoma are focused on decreasing iOP;nevertheless,the progression of the disease continues,despite iOP *** fact shows the existence of other factors that could contribute to the advance of glaucomatous *** early diagnostics,the use of neuroprotective therapies,and knowledge of the pathological processes are the major challenges associated with the management of this *** pathogenic mechanisms have been proposed to be responsible for RGC death,including oxidative stress,mitochondrial dysfunction,glutamate excitotoxicity,and neuroinflammation(Casson et al.,2012).

关键词： irreversible oxidative activation

impacts of Pi3K/protein kinase B pathway activation in reactive astrocytes: from detrimental effects to protective functions

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1031-1041页

作者： ramón Pérez-Núñez María Fernanda González ana María Avalos Lisette Leyton Cellular Communication Laboratory Programa de Biología Celular y MolecularCenter for Studies on ExerciseMetabolism and Cancer(CEMC)Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas(ICBM)Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases(ACCDiS) Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences&Faculty of MedicineUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas Facultad de Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad Autónoma de ChileSantiagoChile

Astrocytes are the most abundant type of glial cell in the central nervous *** injury and inflammation,astrocytes become reactive and undergo morphological and functional *** on their phenotypic classification as A1 or A2,reactive astrocytes contribute to both neurotoxic and neuroprotective responses,***,this binary classification does not fully capture the diversity of astrocyte responses observed across different diseases and *** analysis has revealed that reactive astrocytes have a complex landscape of gene expression profiles,which emphasizes the heterogeneous nature of their *** actively participate in regulating central nervous system inflammation by interacting with microglia and other cell types,releasing cytokines,and influencing the immune *** phosphoinositide 3-kinase(Pi3K)/protein kinase B(AKT)signaling pathway is a central player in astrocyte reactivity and impacts various aspects of astrocyte behavior,as evidenced by in silico,in vitro,and in vivo *** astrocytes,inflammatory cues trigger a cascade of molecular events,where nuclear factor-κB serves as a central mediator of the pro-inflammatory ***,we review the heterogeneity of reactive astrocytes and the molecular mechanisms underlying their *** highlight the involvement of various signaling pathways that regulate astrocyte reactivity,including the Pi3K/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR),αvβ3 integrin/Pi3K/AKT/connexin 43,and Notch/Pi3K/AKT *** targeting the inactivation of the Pi3K/AKT cellular signaling pathway to control reactive astrocytes and prevent central nervous system damage,evidence suggests that activating this pathway could also yield beneficial *** dual function of the Pi3K/AKT pathway underscores its complexity in astrocyte reactivity and brain function *** review emphasizes the importance of employing astrocyte-exclusive models to underst

关键词： inflammation integrins neuroprotective neurotoxic phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase reactive astrocytes signal transduction Thy-1(CD90)

Treatment of spinal cord injury with biomaterials and stem cell therapy in non-human primates and humans

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 343-353页

作者： ana Milena Silva Olaya Fernanda Martins Almeida ana Maria Blanco Martinez Suelen Adriani Marques PhD Program in Pathological anatomy Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Biomedical Science institute Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Graduate Program in Pathological anatomy Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Graduate Program in Pathological anatomy(PPGAP/UFRJ) Department of Neurobiology/Institute of BiologyCampus do GragoatáNiteróiRio de JaneiroBrazil

Spinal cord injury results in the loss of sensory,motor,and autonomic functions,which almost always produces permanent physical ***,in the search for more effective treatments than those already applied for years,which are not entirely efficient,researches have been able to demonstrate the potential of biological strategies using biomaterials to tissue manufacturing through bioengineering and stem cell therapy as a neuroregenerative approach,seeking to promote neuronal recovery after spinal cord *** of these strategies has been developed and meticulously evaluated in several animal models with the aim of analyzing the potential of interventions for neuronal repair and,consequently,boosting functional *** the majority of experimental research has been conducted in rodents,there is increasing recognition of the importance,and need,of evaluating the safety and efficacy of these interventions in non-human primates before moving to clinical trials involving therapies potentially promising in *** article is a literature review from databases(PubMed,Science Direct,Elsevier,Scielo,Redalyc,Cochrane,and NCBi)from 10 years ago to date,using keywords(spinal cord injury,cell therapy,non-human primates,humans,and bioengineering in spinal cord injury).From 110 retrieved articles,after two selection rounds based on inclusion and exclusion criteria,21 articles were ***,this review arises from the need to recognize the experimental therapeutic advances applied in non-human primates and even humans,aimed at deepening these strategies and identifying the advantages and influence of the results on extrapolation for clinical applicability in humans.

关键词： bioengineering biomaterials cell therapy humans non-human primates spinal cord injury stem cell therapy

Neurodegeneration and choroidal vascular features on OCT in the progression to advanced age-related macular degeneration

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international Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2025年第1期18卷 103-110页

作者： ines Costa ana Carvalho Helton Andrade Bruno Pereira Pedro Camacho H&TRC-Health&Technology Research Center ESTeSL Escola Superior de Tecnologia da SaúdeInstituto Politécnico de LisboaLisbon 1990-096Portugal Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa Instituto Politécnico de LisboaLisboa 1990-096Portugal instituto de Retina de Lisboa IRLLisbon 1050-085Portugal iNOVA4Health NOVA Medical SchoolFaculdade de Ciencias MédicasNMSFCMUniversidade NOVA de LisboaLisbon 1150-82Portugal

AiM:To quantify and compare longitudinal thickness changes of the ganglion cell complex(GCC)and the choroid in patients with different patterns of age-related macular degeneration(AMD)***:Retrospective cohort analysis of anonymized data from participants aged 50y or more and diagnosed with early/intermediate AMD in at least one eye(with no evidence of advanced AMD).A total of 64 participants were included from the instituto de Retina de Lisboa(iRL)study(iPL/2022/MetAllAMD_ESTeSL)and divided into 4 groups according to the Rotterdam classification for *** domain optical coherence tomography(SD-OCT)was used to assess and quantify GCC and choroid thickness at two time points(first visit vs last visit)with a minimum interval of ***:in the GCC inner ring,a thinner thickness(P=0.001)was observed in the atrophic AMD group(51.3±21.4μm)compared to the early AMD(84.3±11.5μm),intermediate AMD(77.6±16.1μm)and neovascular AMD(88.9±16.3μm)*** thickness quantification showed a generalized reduction in the central circle(P=0.002)and inner ring(P=0.001).Slight reductions in retinal thickness were more accentuated in the inner ring in the atrophic AMD(-13%;PiON:The variation of the analyzed structures could be an indicator of risk of progression with neurodegenerative(GCC)or vascular(choroid)pattern in the intermediate and atrophic *** quantification of both structures can provide important information about the risk of disease progression in the early and intermediate stages but also for the evolution pattern into late stages(atrophic or neovascular).

关键词： age-related macular degeneration ganglion cell complex choroid,geographic atrophy choroidal neovascularization spectral domain optical coherence tomography

Multiple Chemical Sensitivity: A Sickness of Suffering, Not of Dying. Descriptive Study of 33 Cases

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Health 2025年第1期17卷 65-81页

作者： Blanca Navas-Soler Aarón Gutiérrez-Pastor Antonio Palazón-Bru Jorge Vallejo-Ortega Álex Méndez-Jover Celia Santano-Pérez Carmen Seguí-Pérez Marc Seguí-Pérez Sonia Cascant-Pérez Juan Carlos López-Corbalán Míriam Pérez-Cardona ramón Pérez-Doménech Antonio Hernández-García Patricia Lorca-Amorrich ana Belén Llinares-Llinares Cristina Valverde-Cámara Rosa María Bustos-Martínez Juan Manuel Núñez-Cruz isidro Hernández-isasi José Juan Martínez-Pérez José Manuel Santano-López María Dolores Jover-Ríos Juan Méndez-Mora José Miguel Seguí-Ripoll internal Medicine Service University Hospital of San Juan de Alicante Alicante Spain Family and Community Medicine Service University Hospital of San Juan de Alicante Alicante Spain Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of the Valencian Community (FiSABiO) University Hospital of San Juan de Alicante Alicante Spain Faculty of Physics University of Alicante Alicante Spain Department of Clinical Medicine Medical School University Miguel Hernandez de Elche Alicante Spain CEU Veterinary School University Cardenal Herrera Alfara del Patriarca Campus Valencia Spain Secondary School Marist Brothers High School Alicante Spain Primary Medicine Hospital Francesc Borgia of Gandia Valencia Spain Faculty of Medicine CEU Cardenal Herrera University Alfara del Patriarca Campus Valencia Spain Faculty of Economics University of Alicante Alicante Spain Department of internal Medicine Hospital La Vega Baja of Orihuela Alicante Spain

Objective: We describe patients with MCS, the evolution of the Quick Environmental Exposure and Sensitivity inventory (QEESi) score with a special focus on people whose fillings were removed. Methods: We have conducted a retrospective longitudinal cohort study in patients diagnosed with MCS and attended in the outpatient internal Medicine department of the University Hospital of San Juan de Alicante, from January 1, 2008 to January 1, 2021. Sociodemographic, clinical, QEESi and treatment-related variables were collected. We performed descriptive and inferential analyses. Mixed linear models were used to analyze the QEESi. Calculations were carried out with an α error of 5%. Results: Thirty-three patients were included (72.7% women, mean age 56.2). MCS was mainly triggered by mercury (N = 20) and food intolerance (N = 22). The mean interval from symptoms onset was 120 months (SD 81.6). 114 QEESis were analyzed: 82 (N = 17 without amalgams) and 32 (N = 16 with amalgams). in patients without amalgams, severity scores increased across all subscales except the masking index (vs. with amalgams). Mean scores for the group without amalgams (vs. with amalgams) were: chemical intolerance, 62.8 points (vs. 63.4 and 46.7);other intolerances, 52.7 points (vs. 62.8 and 50.3);symptom severity, 63.2 (vs. 76.7 and 63.3);masking index, 3.9 (vs. 3.2 and 2.8);and life impacts, 63.1 (vs. 58.4 and 49.8). Conclusion: The profile of patient with MCS is a middle-aged woman who is a frequent user of healthcare services, presents a long diagnostic delay and has borne a great personal, work and socioeconomic impact. The QEESi is useful for the clinical follow-up of patients, including the optimal treatment response in the case of amalgams. Clinical Significance: People affected by Multiple Chemical Sensitivity deserve the attention, understanding and help of health professionals and family members, to face an invisible illness for those who do not suffer from it. Support is needed and doctors

关键词： Chemical Sensitivity Electromagnetic Sensitivity Mercury Poisoning Amalgams QEESi

Patient and physician factors contributing to delays in inflammatory bowel diseases:Enhancing timely diagnosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第6期31卷 115-120页

作者： Horia Minea ana-Maria Singeap Laura Huiban Cristina Maria Muzica Carol Stanciu Anca Trifan Department of Gastroenterology Faculty of Medicine“Grigore T.Popa”University of Medicine and PharmacyIasi 700115Romania institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology “St.Spiridon”University HospitalIasi 700111Romania

in this article,we comment on the article by Blüthner et *** article provides a comprehensive analysis of the factors contributing to the late detection of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis within a German *** highlights the conse-quences on patient outcomes,particularly disease progression and the increased risk of developing *** study identifies specific predictors asso-ciated with both patient-related and physician-related delays,offering a detailed exploration of the initial ***,the article delves into the distinct patterns observed in the German population,stressing the unique aspects of diagnostic delays that may differ from those reported in other *** detailed examination offers valuable insights into the specific challenges faced within the German healthcare system and underscores the necessity of targeted interventions to facilitate early *** importance of improved screening tools,patient education,and better healthcare infrastructure is emphasized as crucial steps toward improving patient care in inflammatory bowel disease.

关键词： inflammatory bowel disease Diagnostic delay Disease awareness Healthcare system Screening tools

Agronomic treatments combined with embryo rescue for rapid generation advancement in tomato speed breeding

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2025年第1期11卷 239-250页

作者： Esther Gimeno-Paez Jaime Prohens Maria Moreno-Cervero ana de Luis-Margarit Maria Jose Diez Pietro Gramazio Escuela de Doctorado Universidad Catolica de Valencia San Vicente MartirGuillem de Castro 9446001 ValenciaSpain instituto de Conservaciony Mejora dela Agrodiversidad Valenciana Universitat Politecnica de ValenciaCamino de Vera 1446022 ValenciaSpain Departamento de Ciencias Experimentales y Matematicas Facultad de Veterinaria y Ciencias ExperimentalesUniversidad Catolica de Valencia San Vicente MartirGuillem de Castro 9446001 ValenciaSpain

Unlike other major crops,little research has been performed on tomato to reduce the generation time for speed *** evaluated several agronomic treatments to reduce the generation time of tomato in the‘M82'(determinate)and‘Moneymaker'(indeterminate)varieties and evaluated the best combination in conjunction with embryo *** container sizes with volumes of 0.2 L(XS),0.45 L(S),0.8 L(M),1.3 L(L),and6 L(XL),were evaluated in the first experiment under the autumn *** found that plants grown in XL containers exhibited better development and required less time from sowing to anthesis(DSA)and from anthesis to fruit ripening(DAR).in the second experiment,using XL containers in the autumn-winter cycle,we evaluated the effects of cold priming at the cotyledonary stage,water stress,P supplementation,and K supplementation on generation *** to the control,we found that cold priming significantly reduced the number of leaves,plant height to first the inflorescence,and DSA(2.7 d),whereas K supplementation reduced the DAR(8.8 d).in contrast,water stress and P supplementation did not significantly affect any of the measured traits like DAR,DSA or fruit *** validate these data,in a third experiment with XL containers in the spring-summer cycle,the combination of cold priming and K supplementation was tested,confirming the significant effect of this combination on the reduction of generation time(2.9 d for DSA and 3.9 d for DAR)compared to the *** rescue during the cell expansion cycle(average of 22.0 d and 23.3 d after anthesis for‘M82'and‘Moneymaker',respectively)allowed the shortening of the generation time by 8.7 d in‘M82'and 11.6 d in‘Moneymaker'compared to the in planta fruit *** combination of agronomic treatments with embryo rescue can effectively increase the number of generations per year from three to four for speed breeding of tomato.

关键词： Solanum lycopersicum Generation time Speed breeding Container size Cold priming K supplementation Embryo rescue

Masting effect on alpha and beta avian diversity in fragmented forests of relict?endangered Mexican Beech(Fagus grandifolia ***)

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Avian Research 2021年第4期12卷 576-590页

作者： Ernesto CRodríguez-ramírez Levinn Camacho-islas ana Paola Martínez-Falcón isolda Luna-Vega Pilar Carbó-ramírez Laboratorio de Dendrocronología Universidad ContinentalHuancayoPerú Laboratorio de Biogeografía y Sistemática Universidad Nacional Autonoma de MéxicoCiudad de MéxicoMexico Centro de investigaciones Biológicas Universidad Autónoma de Estado de HidalgoHidalgoMexico independent Researcher OuluFinland

Background:Tropical montane cloud forests are one of the most important hotspots on Earth and show presence of relict-endemic and endangered species,representing about 14%of the total tropical forest *** seed production or masting in tropical montane cloud tree species is a widespread reproductive strategy of decidu-ous and evergreen broad-leaved tree associations to decrease costs of reproduction and ensure *** event maintains a high avian diversity,which can be modified by phenological process(seed production and non-seed production).Methods:The main aim of this study was to assess alpha and beta avian diversity and whether the composition of the trophic guild modifies among phenological processes and between two fragmented relict-endangered Mexican Beech(Fagus grandifolia ***)forests(Medio Monte and El Gosco)in the Mexican state of *** addi-tion,we evaluated beechnut ***:We recorded 36 bird species,11 of them included in some conservation risk status,and 5 endemic *** diversity values were dissimilar in avian richness(q=0)among phenological processes and between frag-mented beech *** communities among three phenological processes and between fragmented forests were structurally similar,dominated during immature seeds the Brown-backed Solitaire(granivores-insectivores-frugivores);during mature seeds the White-crowned Parrot(Pionus senilis,granivores-frugivores);and the Dwarf Jay(Cyanolyca nana,insectivores)was abundant during low seed *** complementarity index was high among phenological processes and low between *** found a high bird turnover value between immature seeds—mature seeds and during mature seeds—low seed ***,a similar pattern was recorded between the two study *** production showed a high number of undamaged beechnuts in Medio Monte,while in El Gosco beechnuts were attacked by ***:Our results reflect that masting

关键词： Avian seed consumers Bird species Synchronous seed production Tropical montane cloud forest Turnover Zentrygon albifacies

Sickle Crisis Precipitated by Pneumonia: A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenge

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2025年第1期13卷 255-263页

作者： David Fernando Ortiz-Pérez Luisa María Petro-Noriega Margarita Rosa Burgos-Peña Marlon José Rosado-Mendoza Santiago Sánchez-Rojas Cristina De Jesús Portillo-Monterrosa Daniel de Jesús González-Villarreal Juan Pablo de la Ossa Díaz John Sebastián Osorio-Muñoz Manuel Esteban Ortiz Pérez ana María García-Suárez Department of internal Medicine Cartagena del Mar Medical Center Cartagena Colombia internal Medicine Program Universidad del Sin Cartagena Colombia Faculty of General Medicine Universidad del Sin Cartagena Colombia Faculty of General Medicine Universidad Surcolombiana Neiva Colombia Faculty of General Medicine Universidad de Sucre Sincelejo Colombia Faculty of General Medicine Universidad Libre Barranquilla Colombia Faculty of General Medicine Fundacin Universitaria Navarra Neiva Colombia Faculty of General Medicine Universidad de Cartagena Cartagena Colombia

Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a prevalent genetic disorder primarily affecting individuals of African descent and populations in malaria-endemic regions, with significant global public health implications. Sickle cell crises are their most common acute complication, characterized by episodes of intense pain and systemic manifestations that impair quality of life and impose a high healthcare burden. We present the case of a 19-year-old male diagnosed with SCA since the age of two, who developed a sickle cell crisis precipitated by right basal pneumonia. The patient exhibited sudden-onset, cyclic lumbar pain with progressive dyspnea. initial management included multimodal pain control, volume optimization, and targeted antimicrobial therapy to achieve clinical stabilization. This case underscores the importance of a comprehensive approach to managing sickle cell crises, addressing both symptomatic relief and the prevention and treatment of complications. it also highlights the need for public health strategies promoting early diagnosis, access to disease-modifying therapies such as hydroxyurea, and interdisciplinary follow-up to mitigate the socioeconomic and clinical impact of SCA.

关键词： Sickle Cell Anemia Sickle Cell Crisis Pain Management Pneumonia Hydroxyurea