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Fungi between extremotolerance and opportunistic pathogenicity on humans

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Fungal Diversity 2018年第6期93卷 195-213页

作者： Cene Gostincar Janja Zajc Metka Lenassi ana Plemenitas sybren de Hoog Abdullah M.s.Al-Hatmi Nina Gunde-Cimerman department of Biology Biotechnical FacultyUniversity of LjubljanaJamnikarjeva 1011000 LjubljanaSlovenia department of Molecular and Biomedical sciences Jozˇef Stefan InstituteJamova 391000 LjubljanaSlovenia national Institute of Biology Vecˇna pot 1111000 LjubljanaSlovenia Institute of Biochemistry Faculty of MedicineUniversity of LjubljanaVrazov trg 21000 LjubljanaSlovenia Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute UtrechtThe Netherlands Center of Expertise in Mycology of RadboudUMC/Canisius Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis NijmegenThe Netherlands Directorate General of Health services IbriOman

Numerous agents of infections in humans and other mammals are found among fungi that are able to survive extreme environmental conditions and to quickly adapt to novel ***,the relationship between opportunistic potential and polyextremotolerance was not yet studied systematically in ***,the link between polyextremotolerance and opportunistic pathogenicity is shown in a kingdom-wide phylogenetic analysis as a statistically significant co-occurrence of extremotolerance(*** and psychrotolerance)and opportunism at the level of fungal *** addition to extremotolerance,fungal opportunists share another characteristic—an apparent lack of specialised virulence *** is illustrated by a comparative genomic analysis of 20 dothideomycetous and eurotiomycetous black *** the genomes of specialised fungal plant pathogens were significantly enriched in known virulence-associated genes that encode secreted proteases,carbohydrate active enzyme families,polyketide synthases,and non-ribosomal peptide synthetases,no such signatures were observed in human *** the presented results have several *** infection of human hosts is a side effect of fungal stress tolerance and adaptability,the human body is most likely neither the preferred habitat of such species,nor important for their evolutionary *** defines opportunism as opposed to pathogenicity,where infection is advantageous for the species’*** opportunists are generally incapable of the host-to-host transmission,any host-specific adaptations are likely to be lost with the resolution of the infection,explaining the observed lack of specialised virulence *** this scenario opportunistic infections should be seen as an evolutionary dead end and unlikely to lead to true pathogenicity.

关键词： Virulence factor Extremotolerance stress tolerance Mycosis Opportunistic infection Black yeast

Proton pump inhibitors therapy and risk of Clostridium difficile infection: systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第35期23卷 6500-6515页

作者： Anca Trifan carol stanciu Irina Girleanu Oana Cristina stoica ana Maria singeap Roxana Maxim stefan Andrei Chiriac Alin Ciobica Lucian Boiculese Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology “St.Spiridon”Hospital“Grigore T.Popa”University of Medicine and Pharmacy Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology “St.Spiridon”Hospital department of Research Faculty of Biology“Alexandru Ioan Cuza”University of Iasi department of Preventive Medicine and Interdisciplinarity “Grigore.T.Popa”University of Medicine and Pharmacy

AIM To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis on proton pump inhibitors(PPIs) therapy and the risk of Clostridium difficile infection(CDI). METHODs We conducted a systematic search of MEDLINE/Pub Med and seven other databases through January 1990 to March 2017 for published studies that evaluated the association between PPIs and CDI. Adult case-control and cohort studies providing information on the association between PPI therapy and the development of CDI were included. Pooled odds ratios(ORs) estimates with 95% confidence intervals(CIs) were calculated using the random effect. Heterogeneity was assessed by I^2 test and Cochran's Q *** publication bias was evaluated via funnel plot, and quality of studies by the Newcastle-Otawa Quality Assessment scale(NOs). REsULTs Fifty-six studies(40 case-control and 16 cohort) involving 356683 patients met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Both the overall pooled estimates and subgroup analyses showed increased risk for CDI despite substantial statistical heterogeneity among studies. Meta-analysis of all studies combined showed a significant association between PPI users and the risk of CDI(pooled OR = 1.99, CI: 1.73-2.30, P s compared with non-users. The association remained significant in subgroup analyses: by design-case-control(OR = 2.00, CI: 1.68-2.38, P sted(OR = 1.95, CI: 1.67-2.27, P nadjusted(OR = 2.02, CI: 1.41-2.91, P s(OR = 1.93, CI: 1.40-2.68, P s(OR = 2.06, CI: 1.11-3.81, P significant differences were found in subgroup analyses(test for heterogeneity): P = 0.93 for case-control vs cohort, P = 0.85 for adjusted vs unadjusted, P = 0.24 for unicenter vs multicenter, P = 0.86 for age ≥ 65 years and s. There was significant hetero

关键词： Proton pump inhibitors Clostridium difficile infection Risk systematic review Meta-analysis

Bartter's syndrome:clinical findings,genetic causes and therapeutic approach

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第1期17卷 31-39页

作者： Flavia Cristina Carvalho Mrad sílvia Bouissou Morais soares Luiz Alberto Wanderley de Menezes silva Pedro Versiani dos Anjos Menezes ana Cristina simoes-e-silva Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation Faculty of MedicineFederal University of Minas Gerais(UFMG)Av.Alfredo Balena190Room#281Belo HorizonteMG 30130-100Brazil Pediatric Nephrology Unit Faculty of MedicineUFMGBelo HorizonteBrazil

Backgound Bartter's syndrome(Bs)is a rare group of salt losing tubulopathies due to the impairment of transport mecha-nisms at the thick ascending limb of the Henle's *** sources Literature reviews and original research articles were collected from database,including PubMed and *** According to the time of onset and symptoms,Bs can be classified into antenatal and classic *** studies have identified different subtypes of *** types Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ are caused by mutations on genes encoding the luminal na^(+)-K^(+)-2Cl^(-) co-transporter,the luminal K+ channel ROMK,and the basolateral chloride channel ClC-Kb(CLCNKB),***-of-function mutations of Barttin CLCNK type accessory beta subunit cause Bs type Ⅳ*** mutations of CLCNKB and CLCNKA cause Bs type Ⅳ*** type Ⅴ consists in a novel transient form characterized by antenatal presentation due to mutations in the MAGE family member *** gain-of-function mutations of the extracellular calcium sensing receptor gene can result in an autosomal dominant condition of *** clinical and biochemical alterations in Bs include polyuria,dehydration,hypokalemia,hypochloremic metabolic alka-losis,hyperreninemia,high levels of prostaglandins,normal or low blood pressure,hypercalciuria and failure to *** focuses mainly at correcting dehydration and electrolyte disturbances and in measures to reduce polyuria,including the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications to control excessive renal prostaglandin E2 *** Early diagnosis and treatment of Bs may prevent long-term consequences such as growth failure,nephrocal-cinosis and end-stage renal disease.

关键词： Bartter's syndrome Hypercalciuria Hypokalemia Metabolic alkalosis Nephrocalcinosis

Cardiovascular prevention in elderly patients

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2022年第5期19卷 377-392页

作者： Clara Bonanad Rosa Fernández-Olmo sergio García-Blas Jose Antonio Alarcon Pablo Díez-Villanueva Carmen Rus Mansilla Héctor García-Pardo Pablo Toledo ana Ayesta Eva Pereira Antoni carol Almudena Castro-Conde Carmen de Pablo-Zarzoso Manuel Martínez-sellés Vicente Arrarte Raquel Campuzano Albert Ariza-solé servicio de Cardiología Hospital Clínico Universitario de ValenciaValenciaSpain Instituto de Investigación sanitaria INCLIVA ValenciaSpain servicio Cardiología Hospital Universitario de Jaén Spain servicio Cardiología Hospital de Donosti Spain servicio de Cardiología Hospital Universitario La Princesa de MadridSpain servicio de Cardiología Hospital Alto Gudalquivir de AndújarJaénSpain servicio de Cardiología Hospital Rio Hortega de ValladolidSpain servicio Cardiología Hospital Clínico san Cecilio de Granada Spain servicio de Cardiología Hospital Universitario Central de AsturiasSpain servicio de Cardiologia Hospital de LugoSpain servicio de Cardiología Hospital Moisés Broggi de BarcelonaSpain servicio de Cardiología Hospital Universitario de la Paz de Madrid Spain servicio de Cardiología Hospital Ramón y Cajal de MadridSpain department of Cardiology.Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón CIBERCV.Universidad EuropeaUniversidad Compluten servicio de Cardiología del Hospital General de Alicante Spain servicio de Cardiología Hospital Universitario Fundación de Alcorcón de MadridSpain servicio de Cardiología Hospital Bellvitge de BarcelonaBioheartGrup de Malalties CardiovascularsInstitut d’InvestigacióBiomèdica de BellvitgeIDIBELLL’Hospitalet de LlobregatBarcelonaSpain

In recent decades,life expectancy has been increasing *** this scenario,health interventions are ne-cessary to improve prognosis and quality of life of elderly with cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular ***,the number of elderly patients included in clinical trials is low,thus current clinical practice guidelines do not include specific *** document aims to review prevention recommendations focused in patients≥75 years with high or very high cardiovascular risk,regarding objectives,medical treatment options and also including physical exercise and their inclusion in cardiac rehabilitation ***,we will show why geriatric syndromes such as frailty,dependence,cognitive impair-ment,and nutritional status,as well as comorbidities,ought to be considered in this population regarding their important pro-gnostic impact.

关键词： prevention patients cardiovascular

Antibacterial activity and inhibition against staphylococcus aureus NorA efflux pump by ferulic acid and its esterified derivatives

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2021年第9期11卷 405-413页

作者： Patrícia Gonçalves Pinheiro Gilvandete Maria Pinheiro santiago Francisco Erivaldo Freitas da silva ana carol.na Justino de Araújo Cícera Rejane Tavares de Oliveira Priscilla Ramos Freitas Janaína Esmeraldo Rocha JoséBezerra de Araújo Neto Maria Milene Costa da silva saulo Relison Tintino Irwin Rose Alencar de Menezes Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho JoséGalberto Martins da Costa departamento de Química Biológica Programa de Pos-Graduação em Química BiológicaUniversidade Regional do Cariri–URCACrato–CEBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química Centro de CiênciasUniversidade Federal do Ceará–UFCFortaleza–CEBrazil

Objective:To evaluate the inhibitory activity of ferulic acid and four of its esterified derivatives(methyl,ethyl,propyl,and butyl)against resistance mechanisms in staphylococcus aureus ***:Ferulic acid derivatives were obtained by esterification with methanol,ethanol,propanol,and butanol,and then characterized by hydrogen and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance *** minimum inhibitory concentrations(MIC)of ferulic acid and its esterified derivatives,ethidium bromide,and norfloxacin were obtained using the microdilution test,while the efflux pump inhibition test was conducted by examining reduction in the MICs of norfloxacin and ethidium *** docking was also carried out using the schrodinger suite 2015 molecular modeling software.A three-dimensional model of NorA efflux pump was generated using *** best scoring model was used as a receptor for ligand-receptor ***:The methyl and butyl ester derivatives did not demonstrate significant antimicrobial ***,a significant synergic effect was evidenced when norfloxacin was combined with the ethyl and propyl esterified *** docking study demonstrated favorable energy of interaction between ferulate derivatives and NorA,and amino acid residues TYR57,TYR58,and LEU255 were present commonly in stabilizing all *** PCA analysis corroborated the docking hypothesis that the lipophilic character and hydrogen bond interactions were the most relevant characteristics involved with NorA *** pharmacokinetic parameters of ferulic acid derivatives showed good ADMET properties,demonstrating that they can be easily absorbed and have no effect or inhibit the cytochrome P450 enzyme complex,revealing their potential as drug ***:This study provides strong evidence that the molecular basis for this activity is potentially due to the NorA efflux pump.

关键词： Ferulic acid Esterified derivatives Efflux pump staphylococcus aureus Resistance mechanisms

Ethanol exposed maturing rat cerebellar granule cells show impaired energy metabolism and increased cell death after oxygen-glucose deprivation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第3期14卷 485-490页

作者： ana spataru Diana Le Duc Leon Zagrean ana-Maria Zagrean Division of Physiology and Neuroscience Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy King's College Hospital London UK Institute of Human Genetics University of Leipzig Hospitals and Clinics Leipzig GermanyDepartment of Evolutionary Genetics Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology

Alcohol, a widely abused drug, has deleterious effects on the immature nervous system. This study investigates the effect of chronic in vitro ethanol exposure on the metabolism of immature rat cerebellar granular cells(CGCs) and on their response to oxygen-glucose deprivation(OGD). Primary CGC cultures were exposed to ethanol(100 mM in culture medium) or to control ethanol-free medium starting day one in vitro(DIV1). At DIV8, the expression of ATP synthase gene ATP5 g3 was quantified using real-time PCR, then cultures were exposed to 3 hours of OGD or normoxic conditions. subsequently, cellular metabolism was assessed by a resazurin assay and by ATP level measurement. ATP5 g3 expression was reduced by 12-fold(P = 0.03) and resazurin metabolism and ATP level were decreased to 74.4 ± 4.6% and 55.5 ± 6.9%, respectively after chronic ethanol treatment compared to control values(P nally, after OGD exposure of ethanol-treated cultures, resazurin metabolism and ATP level were decreased to 12.7 ± 1.0% and 9.0 ± 2.0% from control values(P se results suggest that chronic ethanol exposure reduces the cellular ATP level, possibly through a gene expression down-regulation mechanism, and increases the vulnerability to oxygen-glucose deprivation. Thus, interventions which improve metabolic function and sustain ATP-levels could attenuate ethanol-induced neuronal dysfunction and should be addressed in future studies.

关键词： cell culture chronic ethanol exposure oxygen-glucose deprivation cerebellar granule cells toxicity gene expression cellular ATP cellular metabolism metabolic impairment cell death

Polymorphisms and resistance mutations of hepatitis C virus on sequences in the European hepatitis C virus database

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第40期22卷 8910-8917页

作者： Dimas Alexandre Kliemann Cristiane Valle Tovo ana Beatriz Gorini da Veiga Angelo Alves de Mattos Charles Wood Graduate Program in Medicine: Hepatology-Universidade Federal de Ciências da saúde de Porto Alegre Porto Alegre RS 90050-170 Brazil Hospital Nossa senhora da Conceicāo Portto Alegre RS 90050-170 Brazil department of Basic Health sciences Laboratory of Molecular Biology Graduate Program in Pathology-Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre RS 90050-170 Brazil school of Biological sciences Nebraska Center for Virology University of Nebraska Lincoln NE 68511 United States

AIM To evaluate the occurrence of resistant mutations in treatment-na?ve hepatitis C virus(HCV) sequences deposited in the European hepatitis C virus database(euH CVdb). METHODs The sequences were downloaded from the eu HCVdb(https://***/eu HCVdb/). The search was performed for full-length Ns3 protease, Ns5 A and Ns5 B polymerase sequences of HCV, separated by genotypes 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b and 3a, and resulted in 798 Ns3, 708 Ns5 A and 535 Ns5 B sequences from HCV genotypes1a, 1b, 2a, 2b and 3a, after the exclusion of sequences containing errors and/or gaps or incomplete sequences, and sequences from patients previously treated with direct antiviral agents(DAA). The sequence alignment was performed with MEGA 6.06 MAC and the resulting protein sequences were then analyzed using the BioE dit 7.2.5. for mutations associated with resistance. Only positions that have been described as being associated with failure in treatment in in vivo studies, and/or as conferring a more than 2-fold change in replication in comparison to the wildtype reference strain in in vitro phenotypic assays were included in the *** The Q80 K variant in the Ns3 gene was the most prevalent mutation, being found in 44.66% of subtype 1a and 0.25% of subtype 1b. Other frequent mutations observed in more than 2% of the Ns3 sequences were: I170V(3.21%) in genotype 1a, and Y56F(15.93%), V132I(23.28%) and I170V(65.20%) in genotype 1b. For the Ns5 A, 2.21% of the genotype 1a sequences have the P58 s mutation, 5.95% of genotype 1b sequences have the R30 Q mutation, 15.79% of subtypes 2a sequences have the Q30 R mutation, 23.08% of subtype 2b sequences have a L31 M mutation, and in subtype 3a sequences, 23.08% have the M31 L resistant variants. For the Ns5 B, the V321 L RAV was identified in 0.60% of genotype 1a and in 0.32% of genotype 1b sequences, and the N142 T variant was observed in 0.32% of subtype 1b sequences. The C316 Y, s556 G, D559 N RAV were identified in 0.33%, 7.82% and 0.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus resistance Quasispecies Direct antiviral agents Polymorphisms Drug resistance

Particular evolution in a 72-year-old diabetic patient with acute coronary syndrome

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2018年第7期15卷 523-526页

作者： Gabriela s Gheorghe ana Clobanu Ioan T nanea Andreea s serban Mihaela R Mititelu department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology "Theodor Burghele" Clinical Hospital "Carol Davila " University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest Romania Nuclear Medicine department "Dr. Carol Davila " Central Emergency Military Clinical Hospital Bucharest Romania

Diabetes mellitus is an important risk factor for coronary atherosclerosis and many patients present extensive coronary stenosis at coronarography. However, in patients with diabetes, endothelial and microvascular dysfunction also participate in chronic and acute myocardial ischemia. Although the majority of diabetic patients with myocardial infarction have angiographic evidence of significant coronary artery disease.

关键词： Diabetes Elderly Myocardial infarction

Cloning and characterization of gene-resistant analogs(RGAs)involved in rust(Puccinia psidii) resistance in Eucalyptus grandis

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Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第3期26卷 711-718页

作者： Marcelo Luiz Laia Acelino Couto Alfenas sergio Hermínio Brommonschenkel shinitiro Oda Eduardo José de Melo Inaê Mariêde Araú jo silva Janaína Fernandes Gonalves Ariadne Marques departamento de Engenharia Florestal Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri DiamantinaMinas Gerais 39100-000 Brazil departamento de Fitopatologia Universidade Federal de Viosa Viosa Minas Gerais 36570-900 Brazil suzano Bahia sul Celulose s/A Suzano So Paulo Brazil

Disease-resistant genes play an important role in defending against a variety of pathogens and insect pests in plants. Most of the disease-resistant genes encode pro- teins with conserved leucine rich repeat and nucleotide binding site domains. In this study, we cloned and char- acterized gene-resistant analogs （RGAs） from Eucalyptus grandis using degenerate PCR, with primers specifically targeting these two domains. The amplified fragments were cloned into the pGEM-T vector and transformed into Escherichia coli. Among the 90 clones obtained, 13 were sequenced and compared with each other and with previ- ously identified gene-resistant diseases. A BLAsTX search in GenBank revealed high similarities among the con- served domains of these cloned genes with RGA genes. some clones, however, showed no significant similarity with Dna sequences in GenBank. southern blotting ana- lysis identified several polymorphic RFLP loci between distinct genotypes. However, none of them co-segregated with the Puccinia psidii Winter resistance gene 1 （Ppr1） in a population study.

关键词： Cloning Conserved domains RGAs Rust Eucalyptus