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Alpine grassland degradation intensifies the burrowing behavior of small mammals:evidence for a negative feedback loop

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第2期19卷 240-252页

作者： Zaiwei WANG Jiawen YAN amy martin Dianne HBRUNTON Jiapeng QU Jin-Sheng HE Weihong JI Zhibiao NAN State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research LincolnNew Zealand School of Natural Sciences Massey University(Albany Campus)AucklandNew Zealand Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota Northwest Institute of Plateau BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesXiningChina Qinghai Haibei National Field Research Station of Alpine Grassland Ecosystem Northwest Institute of Plateau BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesXiningChina Institute of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental Sciencesand Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of EducationPeking UniversityBeijingChina

Globally,grassland degradation is an acute ecological *** alpine grassland on the Tibetan Plateau,increased densities of various small mammals in degraded grassland are assumed to intensify the degradation process and these mammals are subject to lethal ***,whether the negative impact of small mammals is solely a result of population size or also a result of activity and behavior has not been *** this study,we use plateau pika as a model to compare population size,core area of colony,and the number of burrow entrances and latrines between lightly and severely degraded *** test whether the alleged contribution of pika to grassland degradation is a result of increased population size or increased burrowing activities of individuals in response to lower food *** found that grassland degradation resulted in lower plant species richness,plant height,and ***,the overall population size of pika was not significantly affected by location in lightly and severely degraded ***,pika core areas in severely grassland degradation were significantly larger and had significantly higher densities of burrows and *** study provides convincing evidence that habitat-induced changes in the behavior of small,burrowing mammals,such as pika,can exacerbate grassland *** finding has significant implications for managing small mammals and restoring degraded grassland ecosystems.

关键词： burrowing behavior grassland degradation plateau pika population size small mammals

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Geographic and health system correlates of interprofessional oral health practice

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2018年第2期6卷 77-84页

作者： Sean G.Boynes Abigail Lauer amy martin Office of Interprofessional Practice The DentaQuest InstituteWestboroughMAUSA Department of Public Health Services Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSCUSA Division of Population Oral Health Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSCUSA

Objective:This study explores geographic,system,and organizational constructs that predict medical care teams’willingness to administer fluoride varnish and conduct oral health risk ***:A cross-sectional survey of voluntary health professionals attending trainings on interprofessional oral health practice was completed at ten meetings across the United States from April through September,*** and multivariate analyses were used to examine un-known correlates of oral health prevention and intervention at geographic,organizational,and sys-tem levels relating to the impact of referral mechanisms and systems as well as health information technology on fluoride varnish administration and risk-based oral ***:A convenience cohort(n=560)from 44 states was ***(68.7%,n=385)agreed with the dependent variable“medical providers at our site,or part of our network,are admin-istering fluoride varnish and identifying oral health risk factors in the majority of patients seen.”In bivariate analysis,organization type(P=0.0067),having successful referral systems(P<0.0001),and electronic health record(EHR)utility(P<0.0001)were associated with the dependent *** geographic indicators were *** referral system indicators were significant in multivariate *** referrals(P<0.0001),EHR utility(P=0.0054),and type of re-ferral(P=0.0009)were predictors of the dependent *** odds of those reporting a depend-able referral system and dependent variable agreement were 4.5 times greater than for those who lacked dependable referral systems(odds ratio 4.54,confidence interval 2.79-7.39).The odds of those who had dependable EHRs and dependent variable agreement were 2.4 times greater than for those who lacked useful EHRs(odds ratio 2.4,confidence interval 1.29-4.37).Conclusion:The dependability of medical-to-dental referral systems and processes impacts the administration of fluoride varnish and identification

关键词： Oral health referral management risk-based care population health coordinated care

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Johanson-Blizzard syndrome with mild phenotypic features confirmed by UBR1 gene testing

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第44期14卷 6863-6866页

作者： Naim Alkhouri Barbara Kaplan Marsha Kay amy Shealy Carol Crowe Susanne Bauhuber martin Zenker Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Genomic Medicine Institute Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Genetics MetroHealth Medical CenterClevelandOH 44195United States Institute of Human Genetics 91054 ErlangenGermany

Johanson-Blizzard syndrome (JBS) is a rare autosomal recessive condition associated with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency,and is characterized by hypoplastic nasal alae,mental retardation,sensorineural hearing loss,short stature,scalp defects,dental abnormalities and abnormal hair patterns. Growth hormone deficiency,hypopituitarism,and impaired glucagon secretion response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia have been reported. Congenital heart defects have also been described in this condition. Mental retardation is typically moderate to severe in patients with JBS; however,normal intelligence can occur. In the pancreas,there is a selective defect of acinar tissue,whereas the islets of Langerhans and ducts are preserved. Diabetes has been reported in older children,suggesting the progressive nature of pancreatic disease. The molecular basis of JBS has recently been mapped to chromosome 15q15-q21 with identified mutations in the UBR1 gene. We report the case of a 7-year-old female with pancreatic insufficiency and mild phenotypic features,in whom the diagnosis of JBS was established using recently described molecular testing for the UBR1 gene.

关键词： Johanson-Blizzard syndrome Pancreatic insufficiency Sensorineural hearing loss UBR1 gene

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No evidence for increased cell entry or antibody evasion by Delta sublineage AY.4.2

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第3期19卷 449-452页

作者： Prerna Arora amy Kempf Inga Nehlmeier Luise Graichen martin S.Winkler martin Lier Sebastian Schulz Hans-martin Jäck Stefan Pöhlmann Markus Hoffmann Infection Biology Unit German Primate CenterKellnerweg 437077GöttingenGermany Faculty of Biology and Psychology Georg-August-University GöttingenWilhelmsplatz 137073GöttingenGermany Department of Anesthesiology University of Göttingen Medical CenterGeorg-August University GöttingenRobert-Koch-Straße 4037075GöttingenGermany Division of Molecular Immunology Department of Internal Medicine 3Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-NürnbergGlückstraße 691054ErlangenGermany

Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic,multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants have *** some variants spread only locally,others,referred to as variants of concern,disseminated globally and became drivers of the *** SARS-CoV-2 variants harbor mutations relative to the virus circulating early in the pandemic,and mutations in the viral spike(S)protein are considered of particular relevance since the S protein mediates host cell entry and constitutes the key target of the neutralizing antibody *** a consequence,mutations in the S protein may increase SARS-CoV-2 infectivity and enable its evasion of neutralizing ***,mutations in the S protein can modulate viral transmissibility and pathogenicity.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 AY.4.2 Delta Host cell entry Antibody evasion

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Efficient antibody evasion but reduced ACE2 binding by the emerging SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.640.2

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第9期19卷 1067-1069页

作者： Prerna Arora amy Kempf Inga Nehlmeier Luise Graichen Sebastian Schulz Anne Cossmann Alexandra Dopfer-Jablonka martin S.Winkler Hans-martin Jäck Georg M.N.Behrens Stefan Pöhlmann Markus Hoffmann Infection Biology Unit German Primate CenterKellnerweg 437077GöttingenGermany Faculty of Biology and Psychology Georg-August-University GöttingenWilhelmsplatz 137073GöttingenGermany Division of Molecular Immunology Department of Internal Medicine 3Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-NürnbergGlückstraße 691054ErlangenGermany Department for Rheumatology and Immunology Hannover Medical SchoolCarl-Neuberg-Straße 130625HannoverGermany German Centre for Infection Research(DZIF) Partner Site Hannover-BraunschweigHannoverGermany Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine(CiiM) HannoverGermany Department of Anesthesiology University of Göttingen Medical CenterGöttingenGeorg-August University of GöttingenRobert-Koch-Straße 4037075GöttingenGermany

The SARS-CoV-2 spike(S)protein engages ACE2 for cell entry,and the S protein/ACE2 interface is an important target for neutralizing *** the course of the COVID-19 pandemic,SARS-CoV-2 variants have emerged that harbor mutations in the S protein,which confer neutralization resistance and allow viral spread in immunologically nonnaive *** most prominent example is the highly mutated Omicron variant,which infects convalescent or vaccinated individuals with unprecedented efficiency[1,2].

关键词： ACE2 harbor neutral

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The spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 variant A.30 is heavily mutated and evades vaccine-induced antibodies with high efficiency

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第12期18卷 2673-2675页

作者： Prerna Arora Cheila Rocha amy Kempf Inga Nehlmeier Luise Graichen martin S.Winkler martin Lier Sebastian Schulz Hans-martin Jäck Anne Cossmann Metodi V.Stankov Georg M.N.Behrens Stefan Pöhlmann Markus Hoffmann Infection Biology Unit German Primate CenterKellnerweg 437077GöttingenGermany Faculty of Biology and Psychology Georg-August-University GöttingenWilhelmsplatz 137073GöttingenGermany Department of Anesthesiology University of Göttingen Medical CenterGeorg-August University of GöttingenRobert-Koch-Straße 4037075GöttingenGermany Division of Molecular Immunology Department of Internal Medicine 3Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-NürnbergGlückstraße 691054ErlangenGermany Department for Rheumatology and Immunology Hannover Medical SchoolCarl-Neuberg-Straße 130625HannoverGermany

The COVID-19 pandemic,caused by SARS-CoV-2,continues to rage in many countries,straining health systems and *** protect against severe disease and death and are considered central to ending the ***-19 vaccines(and SARS-CoV-2 infection)elicit antibodies that are directed against the viral spike(S)protein and neutralize the ***,the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants with S protein mutations that confer resistance to neutralization might compromise vaccine efficacy[1].

关键词： antibodies vaccine death

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Delta variant(B.1.617.2)sublineages do not show increased neutralization resistance

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第11期18卷 2557-2559页

作者： Prerna Arora amy Kempf Inga Nehlmeier Luise Graichen Anzhalika Sidarovich martin S.Winkler Sebastian Schulz Hans-martin Jäck Metodi V.Stankov Georg M.N.Behrens Stefan Pöhlmann Markus Hoffmann Infection Biology Unit German Primate CenterGöttingenGermany Faculty of Biology and Psychology Georg-August-University GöttingenGöttingenGermany Department of Anesthesiology University of Göttingen Medical CenterGeorg-August University GöttingenGöttingenGermany Division of Molecular Immunology Department of Internal Medicine 3Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-NürnbergErlangenGermany Department for Rheumatology and Immunology Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants threatens efforts to control the COVID-19 *** present,the global spread of the Delta(B.1.617.2)variant is responsible for a rapid increase in COVID-19 cases and hospitalizations in... 详细信息

关键词： Delta neutral resistance

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Profound neutralization evasion and augmented host cell entry are hallmarks of the fast-spreading SARS-CoV-2 lineage XBB.1.5

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第4期20卷 419-422页

作者： Markus Hoffmann Prerna Arora Inga Nehlmeier amy Kempf Anne Cossmann Sebastian R.Schulz Gema Morillas Ramos Luis A.Manthey Hans-martin Jäck Georg M.N.Behrens Stefan Pöhlmann Infection Biology Unit German Primate CenterKellnerweg 437077 GöttingenGermany Faculty of Biology and Psychology Georg-August-University GöttingenWilhelmsplatz 137073 GöttingenGermany Department for Rheumatology and Immunology Hannover Medical SchoolCarl-Neuberg-Straße 130625 HannoverGermany Division of Molecular Immunology Department of Internal Medicine 3Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-NürnbergGlückstraße 691054 ErlangenGermany German Centre for Infection Research(DZIF) partner site Hannover-BraunschweigCarl-Neuberg-Straße 130625 HannoverGermany Centre for Individualized Infection Medicine(CiiM) FeodorLynen-Straße730625 HannoverGermany

Since late 2022, the share of infections caused by the SARS-CoV2 lineage XBB.1.5 has gradually increased in the United States,resulting in XBB.1.5 becoming the dominating SARS-CoV-2lineage in the United States and a similar trend is likely to soontake place also in European countries. However, information onthe virological properties of XBB.1.5 is scarce. Here, weconducted an initial virological assessment of the SARS-CoV-2XBB.1.5 lineage.

关键词： becoming likely lineage

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Host cell entry and neutralisation sensitivity of the SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.16 lineage

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第8期20卷 969-971页

作者： Inga Nehlmeier amy Kempf Prerna Arora Anne Cossmann Alexandra Dopfer-Jablonka Metodi V.Stankov Sebastian R.Schulz Hans-martin Jäck Georg M.N.Behrens Stefan Pöhlmann Markus Hoffmann Infection Biology Unit German Primate Center—Leibniz Institute for Primate ResearchKellnerweg 437077GöttingenGermany Faculty of Biology and Psychology Georg-August-University GöttingenWilhelmsplatz 137073GöttingenGermany Department of Rheumatology and Immunology Hannover Medical SchoolCarl-Neuberg-Straße 130625HannoverGermany German Centre for Infection Research(DZIF) Partner Site Hannover-BraunschweigCarl-Neuberg-Straße 130625HannoverGermany Division of Molecular Immunology Department of Internal Medicine 3Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-NürnbergGlückstraße 691054ErlangenGermany Centre for Individualized Infection Medicine(CiiM) Feodor-Lynen-Straße 730625HannoverGermany

Despite previous circulation of the highly transmissible and antibody evasive BA.2.75, BQ.1, XBB.1 and XBB.1.5 lineages, the share of infections caused by the SARS-CoV-2 lineage XBB.1.16 has gradually increased in India in early 2023, resulting in XBB.1.16 being the dominating SARS-CoV-2 lineage in India today. Since a similar trend may also take place in other countries and information on the biological properties of the XBB.1.16 lineage is scarce, we conducted a rapid assessment of the SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.16 lineage with respect to its ability to enter cells and evade neutralisation by antibodies.

关键词： lineage neutral spite

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Targeting the BDNF/TrkB Pathway in Poor Prognosis Neuroblastoma

Targeting the BDNF/TrkB Pathway in Poor Prognosis Neuroblast...

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中国抗癌协会第七届全国小儿肿瘤学术会议

作者： Carol J.Thiele Jerry Jaboin Hideya Onish amy McKee Jennifer Jackson Kelly martin Cell & Molecular Biology Section Pediatric Oncology BranchCenter for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesda HematologY Lab Second Affiliated HospitalChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina

Patients with Neuroblastoma (NB) whose tumors express high levels of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and its tyrosine kinase receptor,TrkB,have a poor ***,tumors derived from these patients are chemoresistant,highly angiogenic and *** normal development BDNF stimulates cell survival, differentiation and function in normal neural cells via selective activation of the TrkB

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