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Structural analysis of a neutral polysaccharide ATP-1 from the red seaweed Asparagopsis taxiformis and its immunomodulatory effects on RAW264.7 macrophages

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2025年

作者： Kun Yang Baojun Xu Wei Hu Yifan Tang amy Hui-Mei lin Saiyi Zhong College of Food Science and Technology， Guangdong Ocean University， Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety，Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products， Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Prefabricated Seafood Processing and Quality Control Food Science and Technology Program， Department of Life Sciences， BNU-HKBU United International College Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI) Shenzhen Research Institute， Guangdong Ocean University

As a seaweed supplement， the powdered， entire herb of Asparagopsis taxiformis can effectively promote immune response in animals. However， the active factors responsible for this effect are currently unknown. A novel polysaccharide， ATP-1， was isolated and purified from the red alga A. taxiformis， and its structural and immunomodulatory properties were determined. ATP-1 is a neutral polysaccharide with a molecular weight of 307.978 kDa and is primarily composed of galactose (94.07%)， glucose (1.27%)， and xylose (4.66%). Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy revealed that ATP-1 had an amorphous structure and was composed of molecular chain entanglement and intramolecular hydrogen bonding interactions. The microstructure of ATP-1 exhibited asymmetric sheet–like cracks and pores. Results from immunomodulatory activity showed that ATP-1 promoted inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 protein expression in RAW264.7 macrophages， improved macrophage phagocytic ability， and stimulated cytokine production (NO， tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α， and interleukin [IL]-6). Quantitative proteome analysis identified 178 differentially expressed proteins (70 upregulated and 108 downregulated) that were involved in various molecular pathways， among which， TNF was one of the 20 most common and significant signaling pathways in inflammation and immunoregulation. Western blotting indicated that ATP-1 significantly upregulated the expression of IKKα， IKKβ， COX-2， and TNF-α proteins in the TNF pathway. In contrast， ATP-1 downregulated the expression of IκBα， Fas， and AIPI. Results from molecular docking suggested that hydrogen bonding predominantly contributed to the affinity between TNF-α and galactose， glucose， and xylose. These findings indicated that ATP-1 may play an immunomodulatory role by activating the TNF signaling pathway. ATP-1 enhanced macrophage phagocytic capacity and stimulated the production of cytokines NO， TNF-α， and IL-6， thereb

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Encephalitis associated with autoantibodies binding toγ-aminobutyric acid-A,γ-aminobutyric acid-B and glycine receptors:immunopathogenic mechanisms and clinical characteristics

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Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation 2016年第1期3卷 86-92页

作者： amy May lin Quek Orna O’Toole Department of Medicine National University HospitalNational University Health SystemSingapore 119228Singapore Department of Medicine Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 119228Singapore Department of Neurology Mercy University HospitalGrenville PlaceCorkIreland

Recent,discoveries of neural antibodies have facilitated the diagnosis of immune-mediated,immunotherapy-responsive neurologic *** that target inhibitory central nervous system receptors,such asγ-aminobutyric acid-B,γ-aminobutyric acid-A,and glycine receptors,disrupt inhibitory regulatory synaptic functions,and lead to neuronal *** myriad of neurologic,manifestations associated with these antibodies includes seizures,encephalopathy,muscle rigidity and *** article provides a review of the immunopathogenic mechanisms and the clinical and therapeutic implications of autoimmune encephalitis associated with these antibodies that target inhibitory receptors.

关键词： Autoimmune encephalitis autoimmune epilepsy limbic encephalitis neural antibodies

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Pharmacologic inhibition of mTORC1 mimics dietary protein restriction in a mouse model of lactation

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第2期12卷 729-738页

作者： Virginia L.Pszczolkowski Steven J.Halderson Emma J.Meyer amy lin Sebastian I.Arriola Apelo Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWIUSA Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Graduate Training Program University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWIUSA

Background:Understanding the mechanisms of N utilization for lactation can lead to improved requirement estimates and increased efficiency,which modern dairy diets currently fail to *** mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1(mTORC1)is a central hub of translation regulation,processing extra-and intra-cellular signals of nutrient availability and physiological state,such as amino acids and *** hypothesized that dietary amino acids regulate lactation through mTORC1,such that inhibition of mTORC1 will lead to decreased lactation performance when amino acids are not *** objectives were to assess lactation performance in lactating mice undergoing dietary and pharmacologic interventions designed to alter mTORC1 ***:First lactation mice(N=18;n=6/treatment)were fed an adequate protein diet(18%crude protein),or an isocaloric protein-restricted diet(9%crude protein)from the day after parturition until lactation day 13.A third group of mice was fed an adequate protein diet and treated with the mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin(4 mg/kg every other day)intraperitoneally,with the first two groups treated with vehicle as *** and pups were weighed daily,and feed intake was recorded every other *** production was measured every other day beginning on lactation day 4 by the weigh-suckle-weigh *** were collected after fasting and ***:Milk production and pup weight were similarly decreased by both protein restriction and rapamycin treatment,with final production at 50%of control(P=0.008)and final pup weight at 85%of control(Pamycin treatment(Pamycin treated mice,and none by protein ***:Overall,sufficient supply of dietary amino acids was unable to maintain lactation performance status in mice with pharmacologically reduced mam

关键词： Amino acids Lactation Mammary Mouse model mTORC1 Rapamycin

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From potential to practice: how accelerating access to HPV tests and screen and treat programmes can help eliminate cervical cancer

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2019年第4期7卷 46-52页

作者： William Cherniak Nikki Tyler Kriti Arora Ilana Lapidos-Salaiz Emma Sczudlo amy lin Matthew Barnhart John Flanigan Shannon Silkensen Bridge to Health Medical and Dental TorontoOntarioCanada Family and Community Medicine University of Toronto Faculty of MedicineTorontoOntarioCanada Bureau for Global Health USAIDWashingtonDCUSA Center for Global Health National Cancer InstituteBethesdaMarylandUSA

Human papillomavirus(HPV)vaccination campaigns to prevent cervical cancer are being considered and implemented in countries around the *** vaccination will protect future generations,it will not help the millions of women currently infected,leading to an estimated 311000 deaths per year *** paper examines a selection of strategies that when applied to both existing and new technologies,could accelerate access to HPV *** from the US Agency for International Development,the National Institutes of Health,and the Bridge to Health Medical and Dental,a non-governmental organisation,joined forces to propose a scalable and country-directed solution for preventing cervical cancer using an end-to end ***,the authors offer seven evidence-based strategies,that when used alone or in combination have the ability to reduce HPV-caused cervical cancer deaths and *** strategies include(1)consistent HPV test intervals to decrease HPV DNA test costs;(2)exploring market shaping opportunities;(3)employing iterative user research methodologies like human-centred design;(4)target product profiles for new HPV tests;(5)encouraging innovation around cervical cancer screen and treat programmes;(6)developing national cancer control plans;and(7)integrating cervical cancer screen and treat services into existing *** using the strategies outlined here,in combination with HPV vaccination campaigns,national governments will be able to scale and expand cervical cancer screening programmes and provide evidence-based treatment programmes for HPV-infected women.

关键词： cervical eliminate programme

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美国各级政府与学前儿童的保育和教育

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幼儿教育（教育科学） 2006年第9期 39-43页

作者：林秀锦美国加州学区儿童发展部

本文论述了美国联邦政府、州政府和地方政府在学前儿童的保育和教育方面扮演的角色和担负的职责。

关键词：美国联邦政府州政府地方政府学前儿童保育和教育

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Climate change impacts the distribution of Quercus section Cyclobalanopsis(Fagaceae),a keystone lineage in East Asian evergreen broadleaved forests

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Plant Diversity 2023年第5期45卷 552-568页

作者： lin lin Xiao-Long Jiang Kai-Qi Guo amy Byrne Min Deng School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology and Institute of BiodiversityYunnan UniversityKunming 650500YunnanChina Laboratory of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of BioResources in YunnanYunnan UniversityKunming 650500YunnanChina College of Forestry Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004HunanChina Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden Shanghai 201602China The Morton Arboretum LileIL 60532-1293USA

East Asian evergreen broadleaved forests(EBFLs) harbor high species richness,but these ecosystems are severely impacted by global climate change and *** and managing EBLFs requires understanding dominant tree distribution *** this study,we used 29 species in Quercus section Cyclobalanopsis-a keystone lineage in East Asian EBLFs-as proxies to predict EBLF distribution dynamics using species distribution models(SDMs).We examined climatic niche overlap,similarity,and equivalency among seven biogeographical regions’ species using’ecospat’.We also estimated the effectiveness of protected areas in the predicted range to elucidate priority conservation *** results showed that the climatic niches of most geographical groups *** western species under the Indian summer monsoon regime were mainly impacted by temperature factors,whereas precipitation impacted the eastern species under the East Asian summer monsoon *** simulation predicted a northward range expansion of section Cyclobalanopsis between 2081 and 2100,except for the ranges of the three Himalayan species analyzed,which might shrink *** greatest shift of highly suitable areas was predicted for the species in the South Pacific,with a centroid shift of over 300 ***,only 7.56% of suitable habitat is currently inside protected areas,and the percentage is predicted to continue declining in the *** better conserve Asian EBLFs,establishing nature reserves in their northern distribution ranges,and transplanting the populations with predicted decreasing numbers and degraded habitats to their future highly suitable areas,should be high-priority objectives.

关键词： Species distribution model(SDM) East Asian tropics and subtropics Biodiversity conservation Distribution dynamics Global climate change

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RE-ENGINEERING TRANSFORMER MAINTENANCE PROCESSES TO IMPROVE CUSTOMIZED SERVICE DELIVERY

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2011年第3期20卷 323-345页

作者： amy J.C. TRAPPEY Yong SUN Charles V. TRAPPEY lin MA Department of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management National Tsing Hua University Taiwan China Department of Industrial Engineering and Management National Taipei University of Technology Taiwan China School of Engineering Systems Queensland University of Technology Australia Department of Management Science National Chiao Tung University Taiwan China

The outage of a transformer in a power generation system will generally result in a shutdown of the entire system. Consequentially, large amounts of revenue are lost to the plant owner with a substantial negative impact on the civil community and industrial customers. This paper analyzes the current maintenance practices （i.e., an as-is process model） of a transformer manufacturing company, which provides maintenance services to power generation plants and reports the major weaknesses in current business practices. The maintenance weaknesses include isolated processes and paper based information communication. These inefficient processes result in service delays, cost increases, and inappropriate responses to customers＇ specific requests and complaints. To improve the efficiency and flexibility of the entire transformer maintenance service system, an e-integration approach is implemented with three key tasks. First, the current business processes are re-engineered to provide an improved （to-be） business model. Then, we replace paper based documentation methods with an electronic filing system for efficient and cost-effective information exchange. Afterward, the improved process model is implemented as an Internet based system to enhance the interactions among the transformer manufacturer, end-users, and service contractors for customized maintenance services. The case study demonstrates that implementing the e-integration approach increases the efficiency and effectiveness of the customized maintenance services.

关键词： Business Processes Reengineering (BPR) asset maintenance power industry after-sales services transformers engineering

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DATA DRIVEN MODElinG FOR POWER TRANSFORMER LIFESPAN EVALUATION

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2014年第1期23卷 80-93页

作者： Charles V.TRAPPEY amy J.C.TRAPPEY lin MA Wan-Ting TSAO Department of Management Science National Chiao Tung University Department of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management National Tsing Hua University School of Chemistry Physics and Mechanical EngineeringQueensland University of Technology

Large sized power transformers are important parts of the power supply chain. These very critical networks of engineering assets are an essential base of a nation＇s energy resource infrastructure. This research identifies the key factors influencing transformer normal operating conditions and predicts the asset management lifespan. Engineering asset research has developed few lifespan forecasting methods combining real-time monitoring solutions for transformer maintenance and replacement. Utilizing the rich data source from a remote terminal unit （RTU） system for sensor-data driven analysis, this research develops an innovative real-time lifespan forecasting approach applying logistic regression based on the Weibull distribution. The methodology and the implementation prototype are verified using a data series from 161 kV transformers to evaluate the efficiency and accuracy for energy sector applications. The asset stakeholders and suppliers significantly benefit from the real-time power transformer lifespan evaluation for maintenance and replacement decision support.

关键词： Condition based maintenance (CBM) prognostics and health management (PHM) logisticregression remaining life prediction sustainable engineering asset management

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Induction of significant intraocular pressure diurnal fluctuation in rats using a modified technique of microbead occlusion

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2018年第7期11卷 1114-1119页

作者： lin Fu Jimmy Shiu Ming Lai amy Cheuk Yin Lo Kendrick Co Shih Affiliated Eye Hospital School of Ophthalmology and Optometry Wenzhou Medical University Department of Ophthalmology Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine University of Hong Kong

AIM： To investigate the effect of microbead iridocorneal angle occlusion on intraocular pressure（IOP） diurnal fluctuation in rat eyes. METHODS： Male Dark Agouti（DA） rats, 8-10 week old, were each given a single intracameral injection of microbeads, followed by injection of dispersive viscoelastic solution. The right eye served as the experimental eye, while the left eye served as the control. IOP was measured twice daily postoperatively for 3 wk and compared between groups. At the end of 3 wk, the rats were sacrificed and the eyes were harvested for histological analysis and retinal ganglion cell（RGC） counting. RESULTS： After microbead injection, experimental eyes had significantly higher dark time IOP than controls from the second week to the third week [2 nd week： 22.92±1.631 mm Hg（n=5） vs 17.35±0.751 mm Hg（n=5）; 3 rd week： 23.59±1.494 mm Hg vs 17.73±0.592 mm Hg（n=5）], while light time IOP was comparable between groups. The fluctuation levels of IOP in the experimental eyes were 7.21±0.398 mm Hg（n=5）, 9.50±1.017 mm Hg（n=5） and 10.66±0.894 mm Hg（n=5） from the first week to the third week after injection. Comparatively, they were significantly lower in the control eyes, which were 4.69±0.323 mm Hg（n=5）, 2.84±1.122 mm Hg（n=5） and 4.98±0.603 mm Hg（n=5） respectively. However, at the end of 3 wk, the larger fluctuations in IOP in the experimental eyes was not associated with a significant loss of RGCs. CONCLUSION： Microbead occlusion exacerbates diurnal IOP fluctuation in rats. This reported model may serve as a method of investigating the pathological effects of IOP fluctuation. A longer observation period, or repeated injections, may be needed to observe a significant change in RGC density.

关键词： microbead occlusion diurnal intraocular pressure fluctuation glaucoma rat

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Comparison of electroretinographic responses between two different age groups of adult Dark Agouti rats

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2015年第5期8卷 898-903页

作者： lin Fu amy Cheuk Yin Lo Jimmy Shiu Ming Lai Kendrick Co Shih Department of Ophthalmology LKS Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Hong Kong

AIM: To describe and compare the differences in electroretinographic responses between two different age groups of adult Dark Agouti (DA) rats and to better understand the effect of age on retinal histology and function. METHODS: The electroretinographic responses of two different age groups of adult DA rats were compared. Animals were divided into younger adult DA rats 10-12wk (n =8) and older adult DA rats 17-19wk (n=8). Full field electroretinography (ERG) was recorded simultaneously from both eyes after dark adaption and light adaption and parameters including the positive scotopic threshold response (pSTR), negative scotopic threshold response (nSTR), scotopic a -wave, b -wave, photopic a -wave, b -wave and photopic negative response (PhNR) were compared between groups. RESULTS: The older adult rats displayed lower stimulation thresholds of the STRs (pSTR and nSTR) and higher amplitudes of pSTR, scotopic a -wave and b wave, photopic b -wave and PhNR amplitudes, with shorter implicit times. Photopic a-wave amplitudes were however higher in the younger adult rats. CONCLUSION: In summary, for the rod system, photoreceptor, bipolar cell and RGC activity was enhanced in the older adult rats. For the cone system, RGC and bipolar cell activity was enhanced, while photoreceptor activity was depressed in the older adult rats. Such age -related selective modification of retinal cell function needs to be considered when conducting ophthalmic research in adult rats.

关键词： electroretinographic responses Dark Agouti rats age

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