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Accurate Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 JN.1 by Sanger Sequencing of Receptor-Binding Domain Is Needed for Clinical Evaluation of Its Immune Evasion

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第4期12卷 69-78页

作者： Sin Hang lee Milford Molecular Diagnostics laboratory Milford CT USA

Background: Omicron JN.1 has become the dominant SARS-CoV-2 variant in recent months. JN.1 has the highest number of amino acid mutations in its receptor binding domain (RBD) and has acquired a hallmark l455S mutation. The immune evasion capability of JN.1 is a subject of scientific investigation. The US CDC used SGTF of TaqPath COVID-19 Combo Kit RT-qPCR as proxy indicator of JN.1 infections for evaluation of the effectiveness of updated monovalent XBB.1.5 COVID-19 vaccines against JN.1 and recommended that all persons aged ≥ 6 months should receive an updated COVID-19 vaccine dose. Objective: Recommend Sanger sequencing instead of proxy indicator to diagnose JN.1 infections to generate the data based on which guidelines are made to direct vaccination policies. Methods: The RNA in nasopharyngeal swab specimens from patients with clinical respiratory infection was subjected to nested RT-PCR, targeting a 398-base segment of the N-gene and a 445-base segment of the RBD of SARS-CoV-2 for amplification. The nested PCR amplicons were sequenced. The DNA sequences were analyzed for amino acid mutations. Results: The N-gene sequence showed R203K, G204R and Q229K, the 3 mutations associated with Omicron BA.2.86 (+JN.1). The RBD sequence showed 24 of the 26 known amino acid mutations, including the hallmark l455S mutation for JN.1 and the V483del for BA.2.86 lineage. Conclusions: Sanger sequencing of a 445-base segment of the SARS-CoV-2 RBD is useful for accurate determination of emerging variants. The CDC may consider using Sanger sequencing of the RBD to diagnose JN.1 infections for statistical analysis in making vaccination policies.

关键词： Omicron JN.1 SARS-CoV-2 Sanger Sequencing RBD l455S Mutation Immune Evasion Vaccination Policies CDC

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Conservative management of spinal pathology with autologous conditioned serum: A systematic review of the literature

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第9期15卷 870-881页

作者： Christian J Rajkovic Matthew l Merckling Alyssa W lee Galadu Subah Aryan Malhotra Zachary D Thomas Sabrina l Zeller John V Wainwright Merritt D Kinon Department of Neurosurgery Westchester Medical CenterValhallaNY 10595United States

BACKGROUND Chronic inflammatory pain is associated with increased expression of interleukin(Il)-1,an inflammatory cytokine,and activity on its receptor(Il-1R).In response,the body produces Il-1R antagonist(Il-1Ra)to reduce this *** conditioned serum(ACS)is the only biologic therapy for spinal pathologies that enhances the action of endogenous Il-1Ra reserves to improve *** systematic review investigates the effectiveness of ACS in treating pain and dis-ability caused by spinal *** To evaluate the use of ACS as a conservative management option for spinal *** A systematic review of PubMed/Medline was performed to identify studies inve-stigating administration of ACS for treatment of any spinal *** Six articles were included,comprising 684 patients treated with epidural(n=133)or transforaminal(n=551)ACS *** had an average age of 54.0 years with slight female predominance(53.2%).The lumbar spine was most com-monly treated,with 567 patients(82.9%)receiving injections for lumbar radicu-lopathy(n=67),degenerative disc disease(DDD)(n=372),or spinal stenosis(n=128);cervical injections were performed in 109 patients(15.9%).Mean(SD)follow-up was 21.7(4.8)weeks from first ACS *** studies investigating mecha-nical lumbar and lumbar or cervical radicular pain reported significant pain re-duction at final follow-up compared to *** achieved comparable or su-perior results to lumbar epidural steroid *** events were reported in 21 patients(3.1%),with no serious adverse *** ACS injection is a safe and effective intervention for pain reduction in many spinal pathologies,including cervical and lumbar radiculopathies.

关键词： Spine Autologous conditioned serum Orthokine Regenokine Epidural steroid injection Interleukin-1 Inter-leukin-1 receptor antagonist

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Machine learning-based comparison of factors influencing estimated glomerular filtration rate in Chinese women with or without nonalcoholic fatty liver

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第15期12卷 2506-2521页

作者： I-Chien Chen lin-Ju Chou Shih-Chen Huang Ta-Wei Chu Shang-Sen lee Department of Nursing Kaohsiung Armed Forces General HospitalKaohsiung 802Taiwan Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Tri-Service General HospitalNational Defense Medical CenterTaipei 114Taiwan Chief Executive Officer's Office MJ Health Research FoundationTaipei 114Taiwan Department of Urology Taichung Tzu Chi HospitalBuddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationTaichung 427Taiwan School of Medicine Tzu Chi UniversityHualian 970Taiwan Department of Urology Tri-Service General HospitalNational Defense Medical CenterTaipei 114Taiwan

BACKGROUND The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver(NAFlD)has increased *** with NAFlD are known to have higher chance for renal function *** past studies used traditional multiple linear regression(MlR)to identify risk factors for decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR).However,medical research is increasingly relying on emerging machine learning(Mach-l)*** present study enrolled healthy women to identify factors affecting eGFR in subjects with and without NAFlD(NAFlD+,NAFlD-)and to rank their *** To uses three different Mach-l methods to identify key impact factors for eGFR in healthy women with and without *** A total of 65535 healthy female study participants were enrolled from the Taiwan MJ cohort,accounting for 32 independent variables including demographic,biochemistry and lifestyle parameters(independent variables),while eGFR was used as the dependent *** from MlR,three Mach-l methods were applied,including stochastic gradient boosting,eXtreme gradient boosting and elastic *** of estimation were used to define method accuracy,where smaller degree of error indicated better model *** Income,albumin,eGFR,High density lipoprotein-Cholesterol,phosphorus,forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1),and sleep time were all lower in the NAFlD+group,while other factors were all significantly higher except for smoking ***-l had lower estimation errors,thus outperforming *** Model 1,age,uric acid(UA),FEV1,plasma calcium level(Ca),plasma albumin level(Alb)and T-bilirubin were the most important factors in the NAFlD+group,as opposed to age,UA,FEV1,Alb,lactic dehydrogenase(lDH)and Ca for the *** the importance percentage was much higher than the 2nd important factor,we built Model 2 by removing *** The eGFR were lower in the NAFlD+group compared to the NAFlD-group,with age being was the most important impact factor in both groups of he

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver Estimated glomerular filtration rate Machine learning Chinese women

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[001]-texturing of(K,Na)NbO_(3)-based piezoceramics with a pseudocubic structure and their application to piezoelectric devices

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Journal of Materiomics 2024年第3期10卷 632-642页

作者： Su-Hwan Go Seok-Jung Park Seung-Hyun Kim Seok-June Chae Eun-Ji Kim Geun-Su lee Sahn Nahm Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul02841Republic of Korea

0.96(K_(0.5)Na_(0.5-z)li_(z))(Nb_(0.92)Sb_(0.08))O_(3)-0.04(Ca_(0.5)Sr_(0.5))ZrO_(3)[(KN_(0.5-z)l_(z))NS-CSZ]piezoceramics(0≤z≤0.04)were aligned in the[001]orientation using 3%(in mole)NaNbO_(3)templates with a large lotgering factor(>97%).Their crystal structures transformed from the orthorhombic-pseudocubic(O-P)structure to the orthorhombic-tetragonal-pseudocubic(O-T-P)structure with an increasing *** P structure was interpreted as a rhombohedral R3m *** piezoelectricity of the compositions increased after[001]-texturing,and the enhancement was proportional to the O phase *** composition(z=0.03)exhibited the highest piezoelectric constant(d_(33);670 pC/N)and electromechanical coupling factor(k_(p);0.56).Piezoelectric energy harvesters were produced using the untextured and textured samples(z=0.03).The textured harvester delivered a large power density of 26.6 mW/mm^(3),which was larger than that of the untextured harvester owing to the enhanced kp and d_(33)×g_(33) of the textured piezoceramic.A multilayer actuator was produced using the textured sample(z=0.03),and it exhibited a large acceleration(44.2 G)and displacement(±3,730 mm)at±25 ***,the[001]-textured(KN_(0.47)l_(0.03))NS-CSZ piezoceramic is suitable for piezoelectric energy harvesters and actuators.

关键词： KNN-Based piezoceramic lead-free Energy harvester Actuator Reactive template grain growth

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Photo-induced crosslinked and anti-PD-l1 peptide incorporated liposomes to promote PD-l1 multivalent binding for effective immune checkpoint blockade therapy

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第3期14卷 1428-1440页

作者： Youngjoo lee Sukyung Song Suah Yang Jinseong Kim Yujeong Moon Nayeon Shim Hong Yeol Yoon Sehoon Kim Man Kyu Shim Kwangmeyung Kim KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea Medicinal Materials Research Center Biomedical Research DivisionKorea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)Seoul 02792Republic of Korea College of Pharmacy Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesEwha Womans UniversitySeoul 03760Republic of Korea Department of Bioengineering Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea

Immune checkpoint blockade(ICB)therapy targeting PD-l1 via monoclonal antibody(m Ab)has shown extensive clinical benefits in the diverse types of advanced ***,most patients are completely refractory to ICB therapy owing to the PD-l1 recycling ***,we propose photo-induced crosslinked and anti-PD-l1 peptide incorporated liposomes(immune checkpoint blockade liposomes;ICB-lPs)to promote PD-l1 multivalent binding for inducing lysosomal degradation of PD-l1 in tumor *** ICB-lPs are prepared by formulation of DC_(8,9)PC with photo-polymerized diacetylenic moiety,1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine(DPPC)and anti-PD-l1peptide(D-form NYSKPTDRQYHF)-conjugated DSPE-PEG_(2k)(anti-PD-l1-DSPE-PEG_(2k))in a molar ratio of 45:45:10,followed by cross-linking of liposomal bilayer upon UV *** 10 mol% antiPD-l1-DSPE-PEG_(2k)incorporated ICB-lPs have a nano-sized lipid bilayer structure with an average diameter of 137.7±1.04 nm,showing a high stability in serum ***,the ICB-lPs efficiently promote the multivalent binding with PD-l1 on the tumor cell membrane,which are endocytosed with aim to deliver PD-l1 to the lysosomes,wherein the durable PD-l1 degradation is observed for72 h,in contrast to anti PD-l1 m Abs showing the rapid PD-l1 recycling within 9 *** in vitro coculture experiments with CD8^(+)T cells show that ICB-lPs effectively enhance the T cell-mediated antitumor immune responses against tumor cells by blocking the PD-l1/PD-1 *** ICB-lPs are intravenously injected into colon tumor-bearing mice,they efficiently accumulate within the targeted tumor tissues via both passive and active tumor targeting,inducing a potent T cell-mediated antitumor immune response by effective and durable PD-l1 ***,this study demonstrates the superior antitumor efficacy of crosslinked and anti-PD-l1 peptide incorporated liposome formulation that promotes PD-l1 multivalent binding for trafficking of PD-l1 toward

关键词： Cancer immunotherapy Immune checkpoint blockade PEGylated liposome Crosslinked lipid nanoparticles Anti-PD-l1 peptide Tumor-targeting PD-l1 multivalent binding lysosomal PD-l1 degradation

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Anode surface engineering of zinc-ion batteries using tellurium nanobelt as a protective layer for enhancing energy storage performance

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 113-123页

作者： Soobeom lee Yeonjin Je Boeun Seok Hyun Tae Kim Yong-Ryun Jo Soong Ju Oh Byoungyong Im Dae Guen Kim Sang-Soo Chee Geon-Hyoung An Department of Energy System Engineering Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52725Republic of Korea Nano Convergence Materials Center Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology(KICET)Jinju 52851Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea School of Materials Science and Engineering Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52828Republic of Korea GIST Advanced Insitute of Instrumental Analysis(GAIA) Electron Microscopy LaboratoryGwangju Institute of Science and TechnologyGwangju 61005Republic of Korea Center for Advanced Materials and Processing Institute for Advanced EngineeringYongin 17180Republic of Korea Department of Energy Engineering Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52725Republic of Korea

Over the years,zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs)have attracted attention as a promising next-generation energy storage technology because of their excellent safety,long cycling performance,eco-friendliness,and high-power ***,issues,such as the corrosion and dissolution of the Zn anode,limited wet-tability,and lack of sufficient nucleation sites for Zn plating,have limited their practical *** introduction of a protective layer comprising of tellurium(Te)nanobelts onto the surface of Zn anode has emerged as a promising approach to overcome these limitations and improve the electrochemical behav-ior by enhancing the safety and wettability of ZIBs,as well as providing numerous nucleation sites for Zn *** the presence of a Te-based protective layer,the energy power density of the surface-engineered Zn anode improved significantly(ranging from 310 to 144 W h kg^(-1),over a power density range of 270 to 1,800 W kg^(-1)),and the lifespan capability was *** results demonstrate that the proposed strategy of employing Te nanobelts as a protective layer holds great promise for enhancing the energy storage performance of zIBs,making them even more attractive as a viable energy storage solution forthefuture.

关键词： Zn ion battery Anode Protective layer Tellurium Nanobelt

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Effects of low molecular weight polysaccharide from Sargassum thunbergii against palmitic acid-induced intracellular lipid accumulation in 3T3-l1 adipocyte and HepG2 cells

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 2244-2252页

作者： Hyo-Geun lee D.P.Nagahawatta M.J.M.S.Kurera Kyung-Mo Song Yun-Sang Choi You-Jin Jeon Min-Cheol Kang Department of Marine life Sciences Jeju National UniversityJeju 63243Republic of Korea Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Agriculture and Plantation ManagementWayamba University of Sri LankaMakanduraGonawila(NWP)60170Sri Lanka Research Group of Food Processing Korea Food Research Institute245Wanju 55365Republic of Korea

low molecular weight polysaccharides can be isolated from Sargassum thunbergii(lMPST)and in vitro experiments were conducted to evaluate the inhibitory effects on *** natures of lMPST were attained from *** and appraised their lMPST on palmitic acid(PA)induced lipid accretion in Hep G2,and 3T3-l1 *** treatment lessened lipid deposition and intracellular free fatty acid and triglyceride intensities in PA-treated above mentioned *** mechanistic study publicized that lMPST2 significantly suppressed adipogenesis and stimulated the PA-treated 3T3-l1 cells occupied in the lipolysis ***,in PA-treated Hep G2 cells,the free fatty acid oxidation was significantly increased by *** these constructive properties of lMPST2 from ***,is a potential candidate for diminishing the intracellular lipids,and for a therapeutic agent in those conditions.

关键词： Sargassum thunbergii low molecular weight polysaccharide lipid accumulation Obesity liver steatosis

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Prevalence and risk factors for impaired renal function among Asian patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第3期23卷 241-248页

作者： Chao Sun George Boon-Bee Goh Wan-Cheng Chow Wah-Kheong Chan Grace lai-Hung Wong Wai-Kay Seto Yi-Hsiang Huang Han-Chieh lin I-Cheng lee Hye Won lee Seung Up Kim Vincent Wai-Sun Wong Jian-Gao Fan Center for Fatty liver Disease Department of GastroenterologyXinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai Key Lab of Pediatric Gastroenterology and NutritionShanghai 200092China Department of Gastroenterology&Hepatology Singapore General HospitalSingaporeSingapore Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit Department of MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Medicine and Therapeutics and State Key laboratory of Digestive Disease The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Medicine The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Institute of Clinical Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of MedicineTaipeiTaiwanChina Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Taipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwanChina Faculty of Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of MedicineTaipeiTaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulKorea

Background:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFlD)is associated with impaired renal function,and both diseases often occur alongside other metabolic ***,the prevalence and risk factors for impaired renal function in patients with NAFlD remain *** objective of this study was to identify the prevalence and risk factors for renal impairment in NAFlD ***:All adults aged 18-70 years with ultrasound-diagnosed NAFlD and transient elastography examination from eight Asian centers were enrolled in this prospective *** fibrosis and cirrhosis were assessed by FibroScan-aspartate aminotransferase(FAST),Agile 3+and Agile 4 *** renal function and chronic kidney disease(CKD)were defined by an estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)with value ofl/min/1.73 m^(2) andl/min/1.73 m^(2),respectively,as estimated by the CKD-Epidemiology Collaboration(CKD-EPI)***:Among 529 included NAFlD patients,the prevalence rates of impaired renal function and CKD were 37.4%and 4.9%,*** multivariate analysis,a moderate-high risk of advanced liver fibrosis and cirrhosis according to Agile 3+and Agile 4 scores were independent risk factors for CKD(Plasma glucose(FPG)and blood pressure were significantly associated with impaired renal function after controlling for the other components of metabolic syndrome(Plycemia,those with prediabetes[FPG≥5.6 mmol/l or hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)≥5.7%]were more likely to have impaired renal function(Plusions:Agile 3+and Agile 4 are reliable for identifying NAFlD patients with high risk of *** glycemic control in the prediabetic stage might have a potential renoprotective role in these patients.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Impaired renal function Agile 3+ Agile 4 Metabolic syndrome

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Removal and fluorescence detection of antibiotics from wastewater by layered double oxides/metal-organic frameworks with different topological configurations

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Chinese Chemical letters 2024年第8期35卷 401-405页

作者： Zhiqiang liu Qiang Gao Wei Shen Meifeng Xu Yunxin li Weilin Hou Hai-Wei Shi Yaozuo Yuan Erwin Adams Hian Kee lee Sheng Tang School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003China National Medical Products Administration Key laboratory for Impurity Profile of Chemical Drugs Nanjing 210019China Chemical Drug Inspection laboratory 2 Jiangsu Institute for Food and Drug ControlNanjing 210019China Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences Pharmaceutical AnalysisKU LeuvenHerestraat 49O&N2PB 923Leuven B-3000Belgium Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore3 Science Drive 3Singapore 117543Singapore

Owing to the serious potential side-effects on the environment and human health,the rapid detection and removal of antibiotics have become an important research *** this work,four zinc-based metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)with different functional groups,i.e.,Zn-MOF,Zn-MOF-CH_(3),Zn-MOF-NO_(2),Zn-MOF-COOH,were utilized for the construction of lDO/MOF composite materials with a nickel-iron-cobalt-based layered double oxide,*** results showed that the lDO/MOF composites not only had high sensitivity in detecting sulfonamide and quinolone antibiotics,but also had an appreciable ability to adsorb them from *** maximum adsorption capacities of all the four types of lDO@Zn-MOFs to all antibiotics can at least reach 150 mg/g,and the limits of detection in relation to all four antibiotics were at least as low as 100μg/*** work suggested the dual-function extraction performance can be attributed to the synergistic effects between the lDO and the ***,the strong ferromagnetism derived from the lDO provided great convenience for the separation and regeneration of the lDO/MOF composites.

关键词： light-emitting metal-organic frameworks layered double oxides Antibiotics Topological configurations Fluorescence detection

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Efficacy of chemotherapy containing bevacizumab in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer according to programmed cell death ligand 1

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第8期16卷 3521-3528页

作者： Shin Woo Kang Sung Hee lim Min-Ji Kim Jeeyun lee Young Suk Park Ho Yeong lim Won Ki Kang Seung Tae Kim Division of Hematology Oncology Department of MedicineSamsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoul 06351South Korea Samsung Biomedical Research Institute Samsung Medical CenterSeoul 06351South Korea

BACKGROUND Bevacizumab,an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)monoclonal antibody,inhibits angiogenesis and reduces tumor *** VEGF-C,lactate dehydrogenase,and inflammatory markers have been reported as predictive markers related to bevacizumab *** cell death ligand 1(PD-l1)could act upon VEGF receptor 2 to induce cancer cell angiogenesis and *** To investigate the efficacy of bevacizumab-containing chemotherapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer(CRC)according to the expression of *** This analysis included CRC patients who received bevacizumab plus FOlFOX or FOlFIRI as first-line therapy between June 24,2014 and February 28,2022,at Samsung Medical Center(Seoul,South Korea).Analysis of patient data included evaluation of PD-l1 expression by the combined positive score(CPS).We analyzed the efficacy of bevacizumab according to PD-l1 expression status in patients with *** A total of 124 patients was included in this *** all patients were treated with bevacizumab plus FOlFIRI or FOlFOX as the first-line *** 77%of patients received FOlFOX,23%received FOlFIRI as backbone first-line *** numbers of patients with a PD-l1 CPS of 1 or more,5 or more,or 10 or more were 105(85%),64(52%),and 32(26%),*** results showed no significant difference in progression-free survival(PFS)and overall survival(OS)with bevacizumab treatment between patients with PDl1 CPS less than 1 and those with PD-l1 CPS of 1 or more(PD-l1l1≥1%;PFS:P=0.93,OS:P=0.33),between patients with PD-l1 CPS less than 5 and of 5 or more(PD-l1l1≥5%;PFS:P=0.409,OS:P=0.746),and between patients with PD-l1 CPS less than 10 and of 10 or more(PD-l1l1≥10%;PFS:P=0.529,OS:P=0.568).CONClUSION Chemotherapy containing bevacizumab can be considered as first-line therapy in metastatic CRC irrespective of PD-l1 expression.

关键词： Bevacizumab Colorectal cancer Programmed cell death ligand 1 expression First-line chemotherapy Metastatic colorectal cancer

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