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Assessing Stream Health in the Chesapeake Basin Using the SHARP Model

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Open Journal of Modern Hydrology 2012年第4期2卷 71-78页

作者： toby N. Carlson amy t. Haase Cynthia N. Cudaback Michael C. Anderson Department of Meteorology Penn State University University Park PA NOAA/NWS/MDL Silver Spring MD Ocean and You Raleigh NC Spatial Information technologies Inc. State College

An assessment of stream health within the Chesapeake Bay Basin can be made using the Stream Health and Runoff Potential (SHARP) model, which is based solely on the relationship between land cover and stream constituents: total phosphorus (tP), total nitrogen (tN), and total suspended sediment (tSS). While not intended to compete with more complex models that utilize a range of specific input data, SHARP’s advantage is that it requires little input, is easily applied, and can show whether a stream or watershed is likely to be impacted (impaired). the model allows the user to define a watershed boundary on screen within which a stream health index (SHI), concentrations of tP, tN and tSS, percentages of five land cover types, a color-coded land cover snapshot, impervious surface area and fractional vegetation cover are output. the paper describes SHARP, its output and an overview of how it can be used.

关键词： Stream Health Water Quality Chesapeake Bay Basin Nutrient Sediment Loads

Beyond the Pediatric end-stage liver disease system: Solutions for infants with biliary atresia requiring liver transplant

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第32期20卷 11062-11068页

作者： Mary Elizabeth M tessier Sanjiv Harpavat Ross W Shepherd Girish S Hiremath Mary L Brandt amy Fisher John A Goss Department of Pediatrics Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s Hospital Department of Pediatrics Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s Hospital Houston Department of Surgery Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s HospitalHouston

Biliary atresia(BA), a chronic progressive cholestatic disease of infants, is the leading cause for liver transplant in children, especially in patients under two years of age. BA can be successfully treated with the Kasai portoenterostomy; however most patients still require a liver transplant, with up to one half of BA children needing a transplant by age two. In the current pediatric end-stage liver disease system, children with BA face the risk of not receiving a liver in a safe and timely manner. In this review, we discuss a number of possible solutions to help these children. We focus on two general approaches:(1) preventing/delaying need for transplantation, by optimizing the success of the Kasai operation; and(2) expediting transplantation when needed, by performing techniques other than the standard deceased-donor, whole, ABO-matched organ transplant.

关键词： Biliary atresia Liver transplantation Pediatric liver disease Pediatric end-stage liver disease Kasai operation Newborn screening Surgical outcomes Living-related donor transplantation Split liver transplantation ABO-incompatible liver transplantation

the breast tumor microenvironment alters the phenotype and function of natural killer cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2016年第5期13卷 628-639页

作者： tamara Krnetal amy Gillgrass Marianne Chew Ali A. Ashkar Department of Pathology and Hamilton. ON. Canada. Molecular Medicine McMaster Immunology Research Center and Institute for Infectious Disease McMaster University

Natural killer （NK） ceils are innate immune cells with the ability to identify and eliminate transformed cells. However, within tumors, many studies have described NK cells as non-functional. the developmental stage of tumor-associated NK cells and how this may relate to functionality has not been explored. We examined the developmental state of NK cells from polyoma middle t antigen （pyMt） transgenic mouse （MMtV-pMt） breast tumors. In pyMt tumors, NK cells were immature as evidenced by their decreased expression of DX5 and their CD27~~WCD1 lbI^w phenotype. these immature NK cells also had increased expression of NKG2A and expressed low levels of NKp46, perforin, and granzyme B. In contrast, splenic NK cells isolated from the same mice maintained their maturity and their expression of activation markers. to delineate whether the tumor microenvironment directly alters NK cells, we adoptively transferred labeled NK cells and followed their activation status in both the spleen and the tumor. NK cells that arrived at the tumor had half the expression of NKp46 within three days of transfer in comparison to those which arrived at the spleen. In an effort to modify the tumor microenvironment and assess the plasticity of intratumoral NK cells, we treated pyMt tumors with IL-12 and anti-tGF-β. After one week of treatment, the maturity of tumor-associated NK cells was increased; thus, indicating that these cells possess the ability to mature and become activated. A better understanding of how NK cells are modified by the tumor microenvironment will held to develop strategies aimed at bolstering immune resoonses against tumors.

关键词： tumor NK cells Innate immunity tumor immunology

transposon mouse models to elucidate the genetic mechanisms of hepatitis B viral induced hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第42期21卷 12157-12170页

作者： amy P Chiu Barbara R tschida Lilian H Lo Branden S Moriarity Dewi K Rowlands David A Largaespada Vincent W Keng Department of Applied Biology and Chemical technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Masonic Cancer Center Department of PediatricsCenter for Genome Engineering University of Minnesota Laboratory Animal Services Centre The Chinese University of Hong Kong Sha Tin New Territories

the major type of human liver cancer is hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), and there are currently many risk factors that contribute to this deadly disease. the majority of HCC occurrences are associated with chronic hepatitis viral infection, and hepatitis B viral(HBV) infection is currently a major health problem in Eastern Asia. Elucidating the genetic mechanisms associated with HBV-induced HCC has been difficult due to the heterogeneity and genetic complexity associated with this disease. A repertoire of animal models has been broadly used to study the pathophysiology and to develop potential treatment regimens for HBVassociated HCC. the use of these animal models has provided valuable genetic information and has been an important contributor to uncovering the factors involved in liver malignant transformation, invasion and metastasis. Recently, transposon-based mouse models are becoming more widely used in liver cancer research to interrogate the genome by forward genetics and also used to validate genes rapidly in a reverse genetic manner. Importantly, these transposon-based rapid reverse genetic mouse models could become crucial in testing potential therapeutic agents before proceeding to clinical trials in human. therefore, this review will cover the use of transposon-based mouse models toaddress the problems of liver cancer, especially HBVassociated HCC occurrences in Asia.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatitis B virus transpo

Do introduced honeybees affect seed set and seed quality in a plant adapted for bird pollination?

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第4期10卷 721-729页

作者： amy-Marie Gilpin Justin C.Collette Andrew J.Denham Mark K.J.Ooi David J.Ayre Centre for Sustainable Ecosystem Solutions School of Biological SciencesUniversity of WollongongNorthfields AvenueWollongongNSW 2522Australia NSW Department of Premier and Cabinet Office of Environment and HeritagePO Box 1967HurstvilleNSW 2220Australia Centre for Ecosystem Science School of BiologicalEarth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia

Aims Worldwide,evidence suggests that exotic pollinators can disrupt plant mating ***,few studies have determined if pol-lination by the honeybee Apis mellifera(the world’s most widely introduced pollinator)reduces offspring quality when compared with pollination by native *** Australian Proteaceae provides an excellent opportunity to test the impact of honeybees in pol-lination systems that are adapted to birds and non-flying *** We compared the frequency of flower visitation and foraging behav-iour of birds and insects within seven populations of Banksia *** ericifolia is hermaphroditic and has large nectar-rich,orange inflorescences typical of bird and mammal pollinated *** a subset of the study populations,we compared the qual-ity of seed produced via an exclusion treatment(that only allowed invertebrates to access flowers)with an open-pollination treatment(potentially visited by mammals,birds and invertebrates),by meas-uring seed weight,germination rates(t50),percent germination,seedling height after 14 days since the emergence of the cotyledon and time to emergence of the *** Findings Apis mellifera was the only apparent insect pollinator and the most frequent flower visitor,while the open treatment inflorescences were also frequently visited by avian pollinators,primarily hone-yeater *** foraging behaviour of honeybees and honeyeat-ers showed striking differences that potentially affect patterns of pollen *** made significantly greater proportions of within *** plant movements and only 30%(n=48)of honeybees foraged for pollen(nectar foragers carried no pollen)whilst all birds were observed to contact both stigmas and anthers when foraging for *** these fundamental differences in behaviour,there was little effect of treatment on seed set or *** data show that while honeybees appear to alter patterns of pollen transfer within *** popu

关键词： Apis mellifera Banksia ericifolia Proteaceae seedling performance seed vigour

Persistent EGFR/K-RAS/SIAH pathway activation drives chemo-resistance and early tumor relapse in triple-negative breast cancer

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2022年第3期5卷 691-702页

作者： amy H.tang Richard A.Hoefer Mary L.Guye Harry D.Bear Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology Leroy T.Canoles Jr.Cancer Research CenterEastern Virginia Medical SchoolNorfolkVA 23507USA School of Systems Biology George Mason UniversityManassasVA 20110USA Sentara Cancer Network Sentara HealthcareNorfolkVA 23507USA Sentara Surgery Specialists Surgical OncologySentara CarePlex HospitalNewport NewsVA 23606USA Division of Surgical Oncology Departments of Surgery and Microbiology and ImmunologyMassey Cancer CenterVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVA 23298-0011USA

triple-negative breast cancer(tNBC)is the most aggressive breast cancer *** disproportionately affects BRCA mutation carriers and young women,especially African American(AA)*** tNBC is a heterogeneous and molecularly unstable disease that challenges our ability to apply personalized *** the approval of immune checkpoint blockade(ICB)for tNBC,the addition of pembrolizumab to systemic chemotherapy has become standard of care(SOC)in neoadjuvant systemic therapy(NSt)for high-risk early-stage *** plus chemotherapy significantly increased the pathologic complete response(pCR)and improved event-free survival in ***,clinical uncertainties remain because similarly treated tNBC partial responders with comparable tumor responses to neoadjuvant therapy often experience disparate clinical *** methods fall short in accurately predicting which high-risk patients will develop chemo-resistance and tumor ***,novel treatment strategies and innovative new research initiatives are *** propose that the EGFR-K-RAS-SIAH pathway activation is a major tumor driver in chemoresistant *** high expression of SIAH in residual tumors following NACt/NSt reflects that the EGFR/K-RAS pathway remains activated(ON),indicating an ineffective response to *** chemoresistant tumor clones persist in expressing SIAH(SIAH^(High/ON))and are linked to early tumor relapse and poorer ***,the loss of SIAH expression(SIAH^(Low/OFF))in residual tumors post-NACt/NSt reflects EGFR/K-RAS pathway inactivation(OFF),indicating effective therapy and chemo-sensitive tumor ***^(Low/OFF) signal is linked to tumor remission and better prognosis post-NACt/***,SIAH is well-positioned to become a novel tumor-specific,therapy-responsive,and prognostic ***,this new biomarker(SIAH^(High/ON))could be used to quantify therapy response,predict chemo-resistance,and identi

关键词： triple-negative breast cancer(tNBC) chemo-resistance seven in absentia(SINA)and human homologs of SINA(SIAH)E3 ligase ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis EGFR/K-RAS/SIAH pathway activation in tNBC neoadjuvant chemotherapy prognosis patient risk stratification detection of chemo-resistance precision quantification of therapy efficacy and treatment optimization

Reversal of the diabetic bone signature with anabolic therapies in mice

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Bone Research 2023年第2期11卷 328-339页

作者： Silvia Marino Nisreen Akel Shenyang Li Meloney Cregor Meghan Jones Betiana Perez Gaston troncoso Jomeeka Meeks Scott Stewart amy YSato Intawat Nookaew teresita Bellido Department of Physiology and Cell Biology University of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockARUSA Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System John L.Mc Clellan Little RockLittle RockARUSA Department of Biostatistics University of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockARUSA Department of Biomedical Informatics University of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockARUSA Winthrop P.Rockefeller Cancer Institute University of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittleRockARUSA

the mechanisms underlying the bone disease induced by diabetes are complex and not fully understood;and antiresorptive agents,the current standard of care,do not restore the weakened bone ***,we reveal the diabetic bone signature in mice at the tissue,cell,and transcriptome levels and demonstrate that three FDA-approved bone-anabolic agents correct *** decreased bone mineral density(BMD)and bone formation,damaged microarchitecture,increased porosity of cortical bone,and compromised bone ***(PtH),abaloparatide(ABL),and romosozumab/anti-sclerostin antibody(Scl-Ab)all restored BMD and corrected the deteriorated bone ***,PtH and more potently ABL induced similar responses at the tissue and gene signature levels,increasing both formation and resorption with positive balance towards bone *** contrast,Scl-Ab increased formation but decreased *** agents restored bone architecture,corrected cortical porosity,and improved mechanical properties of diabetic bone;and ABL and Scl-Ab increased toughness,a fracture resistance ***,all agents increased bone strength over the healthy controls even in the presence of severe *** findings demonstrate the therapeutic value of bone anabolic agents to treat diabetes-induced bone disease and suggest the need for revisiting the approaches for the treatment of bone fragility in diabetes.

关键词： signature porosity corrected

Lessons from Entrepreneurs

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空中英语教室（高级版．彭蒙惠英语） 2022年第7期 32-33,49,50页

作者： amy Vetter 马励(译) 不详

你的早晨可以决定接下来的整个工作日。难怪有这么多成功的商业人士遵循严格的晨间惯例。这也不仅仅是个人偏好,因为科学理论证明大多数这样的行为有效。如果你想把自己的工作做到最好、并且成为一个更有工作效率的人,建议试着遵循这四... 详细信息

你的早晨可以决定接下来的整个工作日。难怪有这么多成功的商业人士遵循严格的晨间惯例。这也不仅仅是个人偏好,因为科学理论证明大多数这样的行为有效。如果你想把自己的工作做到最好、并且成为一个更有工作效率的人,建议试着遵循这四个常见的晨间习惯。1.早起成功者不会睡懒觉。他们早早起来,准备迎战这一天。早起者有许多优势。

关键词：个人偏好晨间 Lesson 商业人士工作效率工作日成功者

Incidence and consequences of varicella in children treated for cancer in Guatemala

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世界儿科杂志:英文版 2016年第3期12卷 320-326页

作者： amy E.Caruso Brown Edwin J.Asturias Mario Melgar Federico A.Antillon-Klussmann Pamela Mettler Myron J.Levin Center for Bioethics and Humanities and Department of Pediatrics SUNY Upstate Medical University Center for Global Health and Department of Epidemiology Colorado School of Public HealthAuroraColoradoUSA National Unit of Pediatric Oncology Guatemala CityGuatemala Department of Biostatistics and Informatics Colorado Biostatistics ConsortiumColorado School of Public HealthAuroraColoradoUSA Section of Pediatric Infectious Diseases Department of PediatricsUniversity of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraColoradoUSA

Background:Varicella-zoster virus infection is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in immune-compromised children,despite treatment with antiviral *** varicella vaccine programs have significantly decreased this risk in many highincome countries,but in most low-income and middleincome countries,the burden of varicella in children treated for malignancy is poorly defi ***:We retrospectively reviewed records of children at the National Unit of Pediatric Oncology(UNOP)in Guatemala diagnosed with varicella between January 2009 and March 2013 in order to calculate incidence of varicella and evaluate morbidity,mortality,treatment interruption,and ***:Fifty-nine cases of varicella were *** was 23.4 cases per 1000 person-years(p-y).66.1%of cases occurred in children with leukemia(median age 5.2 years;interquantile range 3.4-7 years)and 41.0%of these occurred during maintenance *** of exposure was identified for 14/59(23.7%)*** were hospitalized(71.2%)and given intravenous acyclovir(64.4%).Eight(13.6%)children required critical care,and two(3.4%)died from disseminated varicella with multiorgan *** was delayed or omitted due to varicella in 50%.No signifi cant differences in outcomes based on nutritional and immunologic status were *** minimum average cost of treatment per episode was 598.75 ***:Varicella is a significant problem in children treated for cancer in Guatemala,where effective post-exposure prophylaxis is *** the absence of universal varicella vaccination,strategies to improve recognition of exposure and the future use of novel inactivated vaccines currently under investigation in clinical trials could mitigate this burden.

关键词： cancer developing countries immunocompromised host oncology varicella