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Impact of infectious density-induced additional screening and treatment saturation on COVID-19:Modeling and cost-effective optimal control

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第2期9卷 569-600页

作者： Sonu lamba Tanuja Das Prashant K.Srivastava Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology Patna Bihta–801106PatnaBiharIndia Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of New Brunswick FrederictonNBE3B 5A3Canada

This study introduces a novel SI2HR model,where“I2”denotes two infectious classes representing asymptomatic and symptomatic infections,aiming to investigate and analyze the cost-effective optimal control measures for managing *** model incorporates a novel concept of infectious density-induced additional screening(IDIAS)and accounts for treatment ***,the model considers the possibility of reinfection and the loss of immunity in individuals who have previously *** validate and calibrate the proposed model,real data from November–December 2022 in Hong Kong are *** estimated parameters obtained from this calibration process are valuable for prediction purposes and facilitate further numerical *** analysis of the model reveals that delays in screening,treatment,and quarantine contribute to an increase in the basic reproduction number R0,indicating a tendency towards *** particular,from the elasticity of R0,we deduce that normalized sensitivity indices of baseline screening rate(θ),quarantine rates(γ,αs),and treatment rate(α)are negative,which shows that delaying any of these may cause huge surge in R0,ultimately increases the disease ***,by the contour plots,we note the two-parameter behavior of the infectives(both symptomatic and asymptomatic).Expanding upon the model analysis,an optimal control problem(OCP)is formulated,incorporating three control measures:precautionary interventions,boosted IDIAS,and boosted *** Pontryagin's maximum principle and the forward-backward sweep method are employed to solve the *** numerical simulations highlight that enhanced screening and treatment,coupled with preventive interventions,can effectively contribute to sustainable disease ***,the cost-effectiveness analysis(CEA)conducted in this study suggests that boosting IDIAS alone is the most economically efficient and cost-effective approach compared to other *** CEA resul

关键词： COVID-19 IDIAS Estimation Prediction Optimal control Cost-effectiveness analysis

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Biodiesel from Palm Vegetable Oil

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Natural Resources 2024年第2期15卷 51-60页

作者： Bhawna Yadav lamba Sapna Jain Shreya Jha Applied Science Cluster School of Engineering UPES Dehradun India Winchester High School Massachusetts USA

Energy obtained from a variety of non-renewable sources is considered unsustainable. Various fossil fuels, such as petroleum, coal, and natural gas, are among these sources. The combustion of fossil fuels resulted in the generation of greenhouse gases, which increased the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Global warming and ozone layer degradation are the negative consequences. In a country like India, where consumable oils are still imported, it is sense to look at the possibility of using such unpalatable oils in CI engines that aren’t often utilized as cooking oil. Palm oil is a vegetable oil obtained from the monocarp of the oil palm’s crop. The main goal is to provide a low-cost, high-performance alternative to diesel. The possibility of palm oil as a realistic, modest, and effective hotspot for the generation of biodiesel is investigated in this research. The article is focused on the comparison of palm oil and diesel in terms of characteristics.

关键词： Biodiesel Transesterification Palm Oil Heterogeneous Catalyst Methyl Esters Sustainable Fuel Energy

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Advanced Computing for Cardiovascular Disease Prediction

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Open Journal of Statistics 2024年第3期14卷 228-242页

作者： Santosh Gaire Poshan Belbase amrit Kafle Rajendra Bhandari Vitreous State Laboratory The Catholic University of America Washington DC USA Department of Physics The Catholic University of America Washington DC USA

Developing a predictive model for detecting cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is crucial due to its high global fatality rate. With the advancements in artificial intelligence, the availability of large-scale data, and increased access to computational capability, it is feasible to create robust models that can detect CVDs with high precision. This study aims to provide a promising method for early diagnosis by employing various machine learning and deep learning techniques, including logistic regression, decision trees, random forest classifier, extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), and a sequential model from Keras. Our evaluation identifies the random forest classifier as the most effective model, achieving an accuracy of 0.91, surpassing other machine learning and deep learning approaches. Close behind are XGBoost (accuracy: 0.90), decision tree (accuracy: 0.86), and logistic regression (accuracy: 0.70). Additionally, our deep learning sequential model demonstrates promising classification performance, with an accuracy of 0.80 and a loss of 0.425 on the validation set. These findings underscore the potential of machine learning and deep learning methodologies in advancing cardiovascular disease prediction and management strategies.

关键词： Machine Learning Deep Learning Classification Performance Matrix Accuracy

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Antimicrobial ability and growth promoting effects of feed supplemented with probiotic bacterium isolated from gut microflora of Cirrhinus mrigala

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第3期14卷 583-592页

作者： Anita Bhatnagar Ritu lamba Department of Zoology Kurukshetra University

The present studies were conducted to isolate, select, identify and characterize gut bacteria as antimicrobial and growth promoting agent for the feed of economically important fish Cirrhinus mrigala. Intestinal microflora were isolated, counted, and identified, and their in vitro antibacterial properties were determined. The results have revealed that occurrence of Gram-negative rods was around 75% and of Gram-positive rods was 25%. Among the isolates Gram-positive were maintained in nutrient agar slants at 4℃. Of these, eight strains were replica-plated on agar seeded with Aeromonas hydrophila and only one strain CM2（C. mrigala 2） exhibited antibacterial properties in vitro showing inhibition against fish pathogen by well diffusion assay. This isolated strain was identified as Bacillus cereus. This bacterium was mass cultured and incorporated in the pelleted diet（40% protein and 18 k J g^–1 gross energy） of C. mrigala to investigate its effect on growth performance, digestibility, nutrient retention and activities of digestive enzymes. The results of feeding trial revealed significantly（P〈0.05） high growth performance in terms of specific growth rate, growth percent gain in body weight（BD）（272.4±1.5）%, high apparent protein digestibility（（79.9±0.30）%） and low food conversion ratio in the group of fishes fed on diet containing B. cereus in comparison to the fishes fed on diet without probiotics. The carcass composition also revealed high accumulation of proteins（（15.28±0.15） g 100 g^–1） in fishes fed on diet containing probiotics. Intestinal enzyme activities of protease, amylase and cellulase were also significantly（P〈0.05） high in the group of fishes fed on diet supplemented with probiotics indicating the extracellular enzyme production by B. cereus. These results indicate that probiotics stimulate the digestion through the supply of digestive enzyme and certain essential nutrients to animals. Also significantly（P〈0.05） low excretion of metabolites, i.e., ammonia

关键词： Aeromonas Bacillus cereus digestive enzymes growth performance Cirrhinus mrigala probiotics

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Integral Transform Methods for Inverse Problem of Heat Conduction with Known Boundary of a Thin Rectangular Object and its Stresses

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Journal of Thermal Science 2012年第5期21卷 459-465页

作者： Navneet K. lamba N. W. Khobragade Department of Mathematics MJP Educational Campus RTM Nagpur UniversityNagpur 440 033 India

The three-dimensional inverse transient thermoelastic problem for a thin rectangular object is considered within the context of the theory of generalized thermoelasticity. The upper surface of the rectangular object occupying the space D： -a〈xSa; -b〈_y〈b; 0〈z〈h; with the known boundary conditions. Laplace and Finite Marchi-Fasulo transform techniques are used to determine the unknown temperature, temperature distribution, displacement and thermal stresses on upper plane surface of a thin rectangular object. The distributions of the considered physical variables are obtained and represented graphically.

关键词： Thin rectangular plate three dimensional inverse transient thermoelastic problem Marchi- Fasulo transform and Laplace transform.

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Visibility improvement and mass segmentation of mammogram images using quantile separated histogram equalisation with local contrast enhancement

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2019年第2期4卷 73-79页

作者： Bhupendra Gupta Mayank Tiwari Subir Singh lamba PDPM Indian Institute of Information Technology Design & Manufacturing Jabalpur MP 482005 India

In this work, the authors develop a working software-based approach named ‘linearly quantile separated histogram equalisation-grey relational analysis’ for mammogram image (MI). This approach improves overall contrast (local and global) of given MI and segments breast-region with a specific end goal to acquire better visual elucidation, examination, and grouping of mammogram masses to help radiologists in settling on more precise choices. The fundamental commitment of this work is to demonstrate that results of good quality of breast-region segmentation can be accomplished from basic breast-region segmentation if the input image has good contrast and a better interpretation of hidden details. They have evaluated the proposed strategy for MIAS-MIs. Experimental results have shown that the proposed approach works better than state-of-the-art.

关键词： develop contrast approach

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Modelling of strain induced magnetic anisotropy in Au additive FePt thin films

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2019年第5期29卷 517-524页

作者： Rajan Goyal S.lamba S.Annapoorni Department of Physics and Astrophysics University of Delhi School of Sciences Indira Gandhi National Open University

L10ordering at low temperature and controlled grain size are prerequisites for the fabrication of magnetic recording media. This can be achieved by several methods such as addition, under layer or over layer of third element in FePt. In the present work, the kinetics of L10 ordering in the presence of immiscible element Au is investigated by varying the Au concentration at different annealing temperatures. The structural analysis shows that the Au additive not only promotes the ordering at low temperature but also supports the textured growth along(001) plane. The magnetic measurements supported by theoretical simulations using Monte Carlo predicts that the enhancement in coercivity attributed to induced strain anisotropy and weakening of inter-granular exchange coupling may be due to presence of Au at grain boundaries.

关键词： Anisotropy Monte Carlo FePt

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Mitochondrial hepatopathy: Respiratory chain disorders- ‘breathing in and out of the liver’

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World Journal of Hepatology 2021年第11期13卷 1707-1726页

作者： amrit Gopan Moinak Sen Sarma Department of Gastroenterology Seth G.S Medical College and K.E.M HospitalMumbai 400012India Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical SciencesLucknow 226014India

Mitochondria,the powerhouse of a cell,are closely linked to the pathophysiology of various common as well as not so uncommon disorders of the liver and *** supports a prokaryotic descent,and,unsurprisingly,the organelle is worthy of being labeled an organism in *** highly metabolically active organs require a continuous feed of energy,any dysfunction in the structure and function of mitochondria can have variable impact,with the worse end of the spectrum producing catastrophic consequences with a multisystem *** categorized a hepatopathy,mitochondrial respiratory chain defects are not limited to the liver in time and *** liver involvement is also variable in clinical presentation as well as in age of onset,from acute liver failure,cholestasis,or chronic liver *** organs like eye,muscle,central and peripheral nervous system,gastrointestinal tract,hematological,endocrine,and renal systems are also variably *** hinges on recognition of subtle clinical clues,screening metabolic investigations,evaluation of the extrahepatic involvement,and role of genetics and tissue *** is aimed at both circumventing the acute metabolic crisis and long-term management including nutritional *** review lists and discusses the burden of mitochondrial respiratory chain defects,including various settings when to suspect,their evolution with time,including certain specific disorders,their tiered evaluation with diagnostic algorithms,management dilemmas,role of liver transplantation,and the future research tools.

关键词： Mitochondrial hepatopathy Respiratory chain defects Maternal inheritance Neonatal liver failure DNA depletion syndrome Pearson syndrome

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Isolated micropenis reveals partial androgen insensitivity syndrome confirmed by molecular analysis

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2010年第4期12卷 561-566页

作者： amrit Bhangoo Francoise Paris Pascal Philibert Francoise Audran Svetlana Ten Charles Sultan Pediatric Endocrinology Division of Maimonides Infants and Children＇s Hospital of Brooklyn Children＇s Hospital at SUNY Downstate Brooklyn NY 11219 USA Endocrme Service Hopital Lapeyronie Central University Hospital of Montpellier 34295 Montpellier cedex 5 France

Partial androgen insensitivity syndrome （PAIS） is the milder variant of androgen receptor （AR） defects. The subtle effects of AR mutations present in a patient with micropenis, peno-scrotal hypospadias, infertility, clitoromegaly and posterior labial fusion. We studied the association of isolated micropenis with the genetic defects resulting in androgen resistance, that is, AR gene defects and 5-α reductase type 2 （SRD5A2） deficiency. We describe two cases of isolated micropenis： one in a 14-year-old boy and the other in a 3-year-old boy who was followed until he was 10 years old. There were no findings of hypospadias, cryptorchidism or gynecomastia in either of these patients. Serum gonadotrophin and androgen levels were obtained and karyotyping was done. Human chorionic gonadotropin （hCG） stimulation testing assessed the functional capacity of the testes. DNA was extracted from peripheral leukocytes, and all exons of the SRD5A2 and AR genes were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and sequenced. In both patients, baseline testosterone （T） level was low and the values were elevated after hCG testing. The sequence of the SRD5A2 gene was normal in patient 1, and a heterozygous polymorphism, V89L, was found in patient 2. Two known mutations, P390S and A870V, were identified in patients 1 and 2, respectively. Mutations in the AR gene can be associated with isolated micropenis without other features of PAIS, such as hypospadias or gynecomastia. This underlines the importance of including AR gene analysis in the evaluation of isolated micropenis with normal plasma T to ensure proper management of the patient and appropriate genetic counseling for the family.

关键词： androgen receptor gynecomastia isolated micropenis male infertility

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Left-turn phasing selection considering vehicle to vehicle and vehicle to pedestrian conflicts

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2023年第1期10卷 58-69页

作者： Kakan C.Dey Md Tawhidur Rahman Subasish Das amrit Manova Williams Wadsworth Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering West Virginia UniversityMorgantownWV 26506USA AECOM Technical Services Inc.PhoenixAZ 85020USA Ingram School of Engineering Texas State UniversitySan MarcosTX 78666USA Davenport Engineering CharlotteNC 28273USA

Left-turning vehicle movement at signalized intersections with permissive left-turn phases creates safety concerns due to the higher chance of conflict with opposing-through vehicles and *** this research,a simulation-based study was conducted to evaluate pedestrians’impact on traffic conflicts between left-turning vehicles and opposing-through vehicles(V-V conflicts)as well as traffic conflicts between left-turning vehicles and pedestrians(V-P conflicts)in the permissive left-turn phasing *** with different opposing-through volumes,left-turn volumes,number of opposing-through lanes,and pedestrian volumes were modeled in VISSIM,a traffic *** surrogate safety assessment model(SSAM)was used to estimate the number of V-V and VP *** effect of pedestrian presence on V-V and V-P conflicts was evaluated using simulation scenarios with and without pedestrian *** results revealed that pedestrian presence increased both V-V and V-P *** pedestrian presence increased the total number of traffic conflicts,permissive left-turn phasing processed fewer left-turn vehicles to maintain the same level of intersection safety with pedestrian presence compared to the no-pedestrian *** current left-turn phasing decision guidelines do not consider the impacts of pedestrian presence,this research quantified pedestrian-influenced and pedestrian-involved left-turn traffic conflicts to determine appropriate left-turn signal phasing decisions to ensure safe and efficient crossing of pedestrians and vehicles at signalized *** simulation-based study’s findings can be beneficial in the decision making of left-turn phasing selection as the before-after intersection safety performance analysis by collecting field data often resources intensive.

关键词： V-V conflicts V-P conflicts Left-turn phasing Pedestrian Warrants

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