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An unsettling explanation for the failure of skatole-baited ovitraps to capture Culex mosquitoes

Insect Science 2019年第5期26卷 873-880页

作者： marcelo H.S.Paiva rosangela m.r.Barbosa Suzane A.Santos Norma m.Silva marcia B.Paula Constancia F.j.Ayres Walter S.Leal Depariamento de Entomologia Instituto Aggeu MagalhaesFundagao Oswaldo CruzAv. Professor Moraes RegoRecifePEBrazil CentroAcademicodoAgreste Universidade Federalde Pernambuco CaruaruPEBrazil Departamentode Biologia Celular Embriologia e GeneticaCentro de Ciencias Biologicas Universidade Federal de Santa CatarinaFlorianopolisSC.Brazil Faculdade de Saude PCiblica Departamento de Epidemiologia Universidade de Sao PauloSao PauloSPBrazil Department of molecular and Cellular Biology University of California-DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA

Culex mosquitoes are primarily found in temperate and tropical regions worldwide where they play a crucial role as main vectors of filarial worms and arboviruses. In recife, a northeast city in Brazil, high densities of Culex quinquefasciatus are often found in association with human populated areas. In marked contrast to another part of the city, field tests conducted in the neighborhood of Sitio dos Pintos showed that trapping of mosquitoes in skatole-baited ovitraps did not differ significantly from captures in control (water) traps. Thus, classical and molecular taxonomic approaches were used to analyze the Culex species circulating in Sitio dos Pintos. results obtained from both approaches agreed on the cocirculation of Culex quinquefasciatus and Culex nigripalpus in three different areas of this neighborhood. What was initially considered as an unexpected failure of this lure turned out to be a more unsettling problem, that is, the first report in recife of Culex nigripalpus, a vector of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus and West nile virus. Unplanned urbanization processes close to remnants of the Atlantic forest, such as observed in Sitio dos Pintos, may have contributed to the introduction of Cx. nigripalpus in urban areas.

关键词： Culex quinquefasciatus Culex nigripalpus dengue oviposition attractant skatole West nile virus Zika

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Surgical outcomes in adults with purpura fulminans:a systematic review and patientlevel meta-synthesis

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Burns & Trauma 2019年第1期7卷 279-289页

作者： Kevin m.Klifto Caresse F.Gurno michael j.Grzelak Stellam.Seal mohammed Asif C.Scott Hultman julie A.Caffrey Department of Plastic and reconstructive Surgery The Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA The johns Hopkins University School of Nursing BaltimoreMDUSA Welch medical Library The Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA johns Hopkins Burn Center 4940 Eastern AvenueBaltimoreMD 21224USA

Background:Cutaneous manifestations of purpura fulminans(PF)present many challenges for clinicians and *** a state of septic shock complicated by limb ischemia,surgical interventions are necessary to control the pathological cascade and improve patient *** objective of this article was to report etiologies and surgical outcomes associated with cutaneous manifestations in ***:This systematic review and meta-analysis compared 190 adult patients with etiologies,signs and symptoms,and surgical outcomes associated with cutaneous manifestations of *** Pubmed,EmBASE,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,and Scopus databases were systematically and independently *** and clinical characteristics,surgical interventions,outcomes,and complications were ***:Seventy-nine studies were eligible for the systematic review,and 77 were eligible for meta-analysis using Preferred reporting Items for Systematic reviews and meta-analysis(PrISmA)and Cochrane guidelines.A total of 71/190(38%)cases reported surgical *** were reported in 12/190(6%)cases and 20 *** were reported in 154/190(81%)*** was reported in 45 *** grafts were applied in 31 *** were used for reconstruction in 28 ***(IQr)surgical procedures per patient were 4(4,5)*** organisms causing PF were 32%Neisseria meningitidis(n=55)and 32%Streptococcus pneumonia(n=55).Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus(95%confidence interval(CI)(8.2–177.9),p=0.032),Haemophilus influenza(95%CI(7.2–133),p=0.029),Streptococcus pneumonia(95%CI(13.3–75.9),p=0.006),and West nile Virus(95%CI(8.2–177.9),p=0.032)were associated with significantly more extensive amputations compared to other ***:This systematic review and patient-level meta-analysis found the most common presentation of PF was septic shock from an infectious *** meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumonia were equally

关键词： Amputation Burn units Neisseria Purpura fulminans reconstructive surgical procedures Shock Septic Surgeons Treatment outcome

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Evaluation of Stocking All Female Largemouth Bass (micropterus salmoides) in Alabama (USA) Ponds

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Natural resources 2016年第6期7卷 315-325页

作者： michael j. maceina Steven m. Sammons ronald P. Phelps School of Fisheries Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences Auburn University Auburn Alabama USA

Excessive largemouth bass ( micropterus salmoides ) recruitment in small impoundments leads to density-dependent growth depression, causing populations to have length distributions skewed towards smaller fish. To address this issue, we conducted three trials that evaluated stocking all female largemouth bass (F-LmB) in two small Alabama ponds (0.5 and 2.0 ha) where the drainage basin was isolated. Age-1 fish were individually identified for sex using a micro pipette inserted in the urogenital pore, tagged, and stocked at 38-40 F-LmB/ha into ponds that contained pre-established sunfish ( Lepomis spp.) populations. Female largemouth bass were collected with electrofishing, angling, and rotenone over a 2.5- to 5-year period among the three trials. Sex was correctly identified for 179 of the 180 F-LmB stocked. One male was detected in the first trial which resulted in successful largemouth bass reproduction and this trial was terminated after two years. Growth was rapid the first 2 years after stocking as 3-year-old fish reached an average of 429 to 459 mm and 1.37 to 1.66 kg in all 3 trials. However, 2 years after stocking, growth was nil in the second trial even though relative weights of F-LmB were generally greater than 100. In this second trial, removal of about 30% of the F-LmB inhabiting the pond and stocking small nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (25 - 75 mm) resulted in average weights increasing from 1.30 to 2.34 kg in 1 year. Growth of F-LmB continued in the third trail, and average size approached 500 mm and 2.2 kg three years after stocking. Annual survival rates of F-LmB were high and ranged from 0.78 to 0.93 among the 3 trials. Stocking F-LmB offers an attractive alternative in ponds to create a low density largemouth bass population that displays fast growth and high survival when catch-and-release fishing is primarily practiced.

关键词： Largemouth Bass relative Weight Growth Survival Ponds Program mArK

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Using a Collateral Damage model to Explain Survival Data in West nile Virus Infections

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Advances in microbiology 2016年第4期6卷 251-262页

作者： james K. Peterson Alison m. Kesson Nicholas j. C. King Department of mathematical and Biological Sciences Clemson University Clemson SC USA Department of Infectious Diseases and microbiology The Children’s Hospital Sydney Australia Discipline of Pediatrics and Child Health The Marie Bashir Institute for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity University of Sydney Sydney Australia Discipline of Pathology University of Sydney Sydney Australia

Simulation code for a model of the adaptive immune response seen in flavivirus infections is used to explain the immunopathological consequences seen in West nile Virus virus (WNV) infections. We use a model that specifically handles the differences in how the virus infects resting cells, the G0 state, versus dividing cells, the G1 state, which includes vastly increased mHC-I upregulation for resting cells over dividing cells. The simulation suggests how the infection progresses in a one host model and the results shed insight into the unusual survival curve data obtained for this infection: there is an increase in health even though viral load has increased.

关键词： Auto Immune responses West nile Virus Host Survival models mHC-I Upregulation IFN-γ Upregulation Free Antigen Levels

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modeling of climate change impacts on Lake Burullus, coastal lagoon(Egypt)

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International journal of Sediment research 2021年第6期36卷 756-769页

作者： A.Shalby m.Elshemy B.A.Zeidan Faculty of Engineering Tanta University Faculty of Engineering Al-Baha University

Coastal lagoons are particularly vulnerable to climate change, in particular, Sea Level rise(SLr) due to their shallowness. Lake Burullus provides a variety of socio-economic services as the second largest coastal lagoon in Egypt. recently, it has experienced significant ecological deterioration. Thus, its ecosystem is fragile in the face of anthropogenic induced changes. The main objective of the current study is to investigate the climate change impacts on characteristics of Lake Burullus. A depth averaged hydro-ecological modeling system, mIKE21, was applied to develop an eco-hydrodynamic model for the lake. The developed model was calibrated and verified for two successive years: july 2011 - june 2012 and july 2012 -j une 2013. The model simulations exhibited good agreement with the measurements during the calibration and verification processes. Six different regional Climate models(rCms) were compared,using six different statistical metrics, to determine the most accurate one for the study area. The required meteorological input, including surface air temperature, precipitation, and evaporation were derived from the selected rCm. The meteorological input was extracted for two different years in the 21century considering one representative Concentration Pathways(rCPs) scenario, based on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC) 5 th report. regional SLr projections for the mediterranean Sea for the selected rCP scenario and the two studied years were obtained. These future climate change estimates were used to modify the validated model of the lake. A sensitivity analysis was applied to assess effect of future climatic conditions and SLr, separately. The results revealed that the lake water depths will increase and it will be warmer and more saline. Significant spatial variability of the studied parameters under climate change forcing is expected. Consequently, climate change is going to restrict the lake’s ability to preserve the present-day species.

关键词： Climate change IPCC Lake Burullus mIKE 21 nile Delta Water quality model

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A Simulation for Flavivirus Infection Decoy responses

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Advances in microbiology 2015年第2期5卷 123-142页

作者： james K. Peterson Alison m. Kesson Nicholas j. C. King Department of mathematical and Biological Sciences Clemson University Clemson USA Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health Sydney Institute for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity Sydney Medical School The Children’s Hospital at Westmead Westmead Australia Discipline of Pathology University of Sydney Sydney Australia

In this work, we discuss the development of simulation code for a model of the cross-reactive adaptive immune response seen in flavivirus infections. The model specifically addresses flavivirus pathogen virulence in G0?vs G1?cell states. The mHC-I upregulation of resting cells (G0 state) allows the T-cells generated for flavivirus peptide antigens to attack healthy cells also. The cells in G1?state are not upregulated as much and so virus hides in them and hence is propagated upon rupture. Hence, this type of model is referred to as a decoy model because the immune system is decoyed into preferentially recognizing the upregulated cells while the virus actively propagates in another small, but important, cell population. We show that the generic assumption of upregulation via a model which includes the?G0/G1?differential upregulation leads to immunopathological consequences. We outline the details behind the simulation code decisions and provide some theoretical justification for our model of collateral damage and upregulation.

关键词： West nile Virus Decoy model mHC-I Upregulation G0 vs G1 Cell State Upregulation Differences

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尼罗河三角洲的堡若勒斯湖:历史短暂、前景未卜

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AmBIO－人类环境杂志 2007年第B12期36卷 638-643页

作者： Henri j Dumont Gamal m. El-Shabrawy 梁春玲（译）根特大学国家海洋和渔业研究院不详

堡若勒斯湖(Borullus)位于尼罗河三角洲正中央。大约公元8世纪时,由于河流沉积,在湖的北面形成了许多沙丘,继而,在这道屏障后面,先前存在的潮汐湿地沉降形成了一个盐沼,堡若勒斯湖可能就是从这个盐沼演化而来。每年9～12月,尼罗河的支... 详细信息

堡若勒斯湖(Borullus)位于尼罗河三角洲正中央。大约公元8世纪时,由于河流沉积,在湖的北面形成了许多沙丘,继而,在这道屏障后面,先前存在的潮汐湿地沉降形成了一个盐沼,堡若勒斯湖可能就是从这个盐沼演化而来。每年9～12月,尼罗河的支流赛本尼提克(Sebennytic)定期泛滥,洪水从一个出口布法兹(Bughaz)排出。在河流低水位时,这个过程逆转过来,布法兹成为海水的入口。由于这个转换过程,它的动植物群落混合了了海水、淡水和咸水物种。大约19世纪中期已经开始在尼罗河上修建水坝,最终以1964年阿斯旺大坝的建成结束,这使得每年的洪水完全得到控制。因此,一个流量稳定的、可保证三角洲农业灌溉的尼罗河开始注入湖泊,并且形成固定的通往地中海的出海口;湖水几乎全部变为淡水,先前以胭脂鱼为基础的海产渔业转化成了以棘鳍类热带淡水鱼-鲶鱼为基础的淡水渔业。但是,在水稻和三角洲其它新的农作物种植过程中产生大量的营养物质排入。目前,湖泊已经富营养化,仅仅依赖其很短的滞留期来抵制超营养化。最终,尼罗河大坝终止了每年沉积物向三角洲的流入,但是沉陷和海岸侵蚀仍然继续,并且正在吞噬将湖泊与海洋分隔开来的沙坝。

关键词：尼罗河三角洲阿斯旺大坝淡水渔业历史河流沉积富营养化动植物群落转换过程

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Chiral phase structure of the sixteen meson states in the SU(3) Polyakov linear-sigma model for finite temperature and chemical potential in a strong magnetic field

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Chinese Physics C 2019年第3期43卷 56-71页

作者： Abdel Nasser tawfik Abdel magied Diab m.T.Hussein nile University Juhayna sq.of 26th-July-Corridor16453 GizaEgypt Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies Ruth Moufang Str.160438 FrankfurtGermany and World Laboratory for Cosmology And Particle Physics(WLCAPP)11571 CairoEgypt Egyptian Center for Theoretical Physics(ECTP) MTI University11571 CairoEgypt and World Laboratory for Cosmology And Particle Physics(WLCAPP)11571 CairoEgypt Physics Department Faculty of ScienceCairo University12613 GizaEgypt

In characterizing the chiral phase-structure of pseudoscalar(j^(pc) = 0^(-+)), scalar(j^(pc) = 0^(++)), vector(j^(pc) =1^(--)) and axial-vector(j^(pc) = 1^(++)t) meson states and their dependence on temperature, chemical potential, and magnetic field,we utilize the SU(3) Polyakov linear-sigma model(PLSm) in the mean-field approximation. We first determine the chiral(non)strange quark condensates,σ_l and σ_s, and the corresponding deconfinement order parameters, φ and φ~*, in thermal and dense(finite chemical potential) medium and finite magnetic field. The temperature and the chemical potential characteristics of nonet meson states normalized to the lowest bosonic matsubara frequency are analyzed. We note that all normalized meson masses become temperature independent at different critical temperatures. We observe that the chiral and deconfinement phase transitions are shifted to lower quasicritical temperatures with increasing chemical potential and magnetic field. Thus, we conclude that the magnetic field seems to have almost the same effect as the chemical potential, especially on accelerating the phase transition, i.e. inverse magnetic catalysis. We also find that increasing the chemical potential enhances the mass degeneracy of the various meson masses, while increasing the magnetic field seems to reduce the critical chemical potential, at which the chiral phase transition takes place. Our mass spectrum calculations agree well with the recent PDG compilations and PNjL, lattice QCD calculations, and QmD/UrQmD simulations.

关键词： Chiral transition magnetic fields magnetic catalysis critical temperature viscous properties of QGP

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Adjusting Second moment Bias in Eigenspace Using Bayesian Empirical Estimators, Dirichlet Tessellations and Worldview I Data for Predicting Culex Quinquefasciatus Habitats in Trinidad

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journal of Geographic Information System 2011年第1期3卷 18-49页

作者： Benjamin G.jacob Dave D.Chadee robert j.Novak 1School of medicine Division of Infectious DiseasesUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA Department of Life Sciences University of the West IndiesSt.AugustineTrinidad and TobagoWest Indies

Temporally weighted regression models with a spatial autoregressive component may estimate nonlinearities in spatiotemporal-sampled data of Culex quinquefasciatus, a major vector of West nile Virus (WNV) which can help implement control strategies by determining optimal predictors associated to prolific habitats. The design of this kind of mixed model can specifically incorporate spatial autocorrelation whilst including the influence of other aspatial predictor variables. Currently, the lack of an estimation theory that allows for het- eroscedasticity and corresponding joint hypothesis testing in the presence of spatial dependence in georefer- enced Cx. quinquefasciatus habitat data is a serious shortcoming in WNV research. In this paper we used spatially lagged and simultaneous autoregressive models based on multiple predictor variables of immature Cx. quinquefasciatus and Worldview 1 (WV-1) data to help implant a remote habitat-based surveillance sys- tem in Trinidad. Initially, we used Geomatica Ortho Engine? v. 10.2 for extracting a Digital Elevation model (DEm) from the WV-1 raw imagery. results of the DEm analyses indicated a statistically significant inverse linear relationship between total sampled Cx. quinquefasciatus data and elevation (m) (r2 = -0.439;p tandard deviation of 10.41. Additional field-sampled information was derived using data from an or-thogonal grid-matrix constructed in an ArcInfo 9.3? and overlaid onto the WV-1 data. A unique identifier was placed in the centroid of each grid cell. Univariate statistics and Poisson regression models were then generated using the georeferenced covariates in SAS/GIS?. Coefficient estimates were also used to define expectations for prior distributions in a Bayesian estimation matrix using markov Chain monte Carlo (mCmC) specifications. A spatial residual trend analyses was then performed using autocorrelation indices which linked tabular data in SAS PrOCLmIXED? with the egg-raft count data

关键词： Culex quinquefasciatus Trinidad West nile Virus Worldview 1 ArcGIS^(█)

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