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Evidence-based universal health coverage interventions delivery in infectious disease of poverty elimination and eradication

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 90-90页

作者： ernest Tambo Chidiebere E.Ugwu Amberbir Alemayehu Anil Krishna Agnes Binagwaho Center for Leadership in Global Health Equity University of Global HealthEquityKigaliRwanda Africa Disease Intelligence Preparedness and Response(ADIPR)YaoundeCameroon Higher Institute of Health Sciences Faculty of MedicineBangangteCameroon Institute for Global Health Equity Research University of Global Health EquityKigaliRwanda Department of Human Biochemistry Nnamdi Azikiwe UniversityNnewiAnambraNigeria

The recent 78th United Nations General Assembly(UNGA)declaration relaunched a new health priority and political commitment in accelerating Universal Health Coverage(UHC),adopted by the United Nations(UN)in 2015 and are intended to be met by *** mid-way point of UHC implementation,we advocate for the much needed program-matic implementation research,evidence-based interventions(EBls)policies and strategies leadership and manage-ment capacity building to enable robust,resilient and sustainable multi-sectoral partnerships,integrated coordination and governance mechanisms capabilities in accelerating UHC package mainly infectious diseases of poverty elimina-tion and eradication agenda.

关键词： elimination enable poverty

Isolated Lumbar Extension Resistance Training Is Effective at Improving Extension Power and Disability in Subjects with Diagnosed Lumbar Multifidus Dysfunction

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Open Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 2024年第3期12卷 245-255页

作者： William Roger Peters James Thomas ernest Smith Mario Guiseppe Zotti Adam Leslie Lincoln Benjamin James Enser Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences Bond University Queensland Australia Back Neck Clinic Bundall Queensland Australia Kieser Australia Bundall Queensland Australia

Background: Lumbar multifidus dysfunction is a prevalent cause of disability in individuals with lower back pain. Previous research highlights the benefits of isolated lumbar extension training for non-specific lower back pain, however, studies examining its efficacy in lumbar multifidus dysfunction are lacking. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of isolated lumbar extension resistance training on disability and strength in individuals with lumbar multifidus dysfunction. Methods: Subjects underwent a physiotherapy led structured rehabilitation program incorporating isolated lumbar extension. Sessions were conducted twice weekly targeting momentary muscular failure with time under load 90 - 120 seconds and progressions aimed at 5 - 10 lbs increments. Outcomes were assessed using the Oswestry Disability Index and lumbar extension strength testing at baseline and after 12 weeks, with statistical analysis using t-test and chi-squared 2 × 2. Results: Forty-five subjects (24 male, 21 female) with a median age of 48 completed the intervention. Improvements were noted in Oswestry Disability Index scores (median pre: 24, post: 15) and maximal lumbar extension strength (median pre: 122 lb, post: 186 lb), with p ≤ 0.05. Overall, 89% showed improvement in disability scores, 67% moved to a better disability category, and 51% saw at least a 50% increase in strength. No significant gender differences were observed. Conclusions: Isolated lumbar extension resistance training is effective at improving extension power and disability in subjects with lumbar multifidus dysfunction.

关键词： Low Back Pain Multifidus Muscle Strength Rehabilitation Resistance Training

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《获而一无所获》(节选)

中国翻译 2024年第3期45卷 171-173页

作者：海明威曹明伦(译) 不详

[1]我们送这家伙去冲流钓鱼都三个星期了。在过海之前他曾付我一百美元,用来打点领事,结清海关,购买鱼饵,给船加油,除此之外我还没见过他一分钱。他以每天三十五美元的价格租船,我负责提供所有的钓鱼用具。他晚上睡在旅馆里,每天早上登... 详细信息

[1]我们送这家伙去冲流钓鱼都三个星期了。在过海之前他曾付我一百美元,用来打点领事,结清海关,购买鱼饵,给船加油,除此之外我还没见过他一分钱。他以每天三十五美元的价格租船,我负责提供所有的钓鱼用具。他晚上睡在旅馆里,每天早上登船。是埃迪给我揽的这笔生意,所以我不得不带着他。每天付给他四美元。

关键词：三个星期租船埃迪

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可解释的视觉问答研究进展

计算机应用研究 2024年第1期41卷 10-20页

作者：张一飞孟春运蒋洲栾力 ernest Domanaanmwi Ganaa 江苏科技大学经济管理学院江苏镇江212100 江苏大学计算机科学与通信工程学院江苏镇江212013 中国科学技术大学公共事务学院合肥230026 希拉·利曼技术大学应用科学与技术学院加纳瓦00233

在视觉问答(VQA)任务中,“可解释”是指在特定的任务中通过各种方法去解释模型为什么有效。现有的一些VQA模型因为缺乏可解释性导致模型无法保证在生活中能安全使用,特别是自动驾驶和医疗相关的领域,将会引起一些伦理道德问题,导致无法... 详细信息

在视觉问答(VQA)任务中,“可解释”是指在特定的任务中通过各种方法去解释模型为什么有效。现有的一些VQA模型因为缺乏可解释性导致模型无法保证在生活中能安全使用,特别是自动驾驶和医疗相关的领域,将会引起一些伦理道德问题,导致无法在工业界落地。主要介绍视觉问答任务中的各种可解释性实现方式,并分为了图像解释、文本解释、多模态解释、模块化解释和图解释五类,讨论了各种方法的特点并对其中的一些方法进行了细分。除此之外,还介绍了一些可以增强可解释性的视觉问答数据集,这些数据集主要通过结合外部知识库、标注图片信息等方法来增强可解释性。对现有常用的视觉问答可解释方法进行了总结,最后根据现有视觉问答任务中可解释性方法的不足提出了未来的研究方向。

关键词：视觉问答视觉推理可解释性人工智能自然语言处理计算机视觉

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An update on hormonal regulation of early embryo-fallopian tube interactions: insights for improvements of assisted reproductive technology outcomes

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Reproductive and Developmental Medicine 2024年第1期8卷 39-49页

作者： Suranga P.Kodithuwakku ernest H.Y.Ng William S.B.Yeung Kai-Fai Lee Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology LKS Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR 999077China Department of Animal Science Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of PeradeniyaPeradeniya 20400Sri Lanka Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation.The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen 518053China

Human fallopian tubes(FTs)play important roles in the whole reproductive *** are the site for the final maturation of gametes,fertilization,transport of preimplantation embryos,and early embryonic development before entering the *** these functions are critical in the establishment of a successful *** the embryo is in transit through the FT,the FT microenvironment changes through endocrine,paracrine,autocrine,and juxtacrine mechanisms which involve various hormones and bioactive substances mainly from the neighboring ***,the interactions between the embryo and the FT may be the earliest embryo-maternal communications that are essential for the establishment of *** review critically discusses the evidence of various hormonal and bioactive mediated control of the microenvironment in the FTs during the earliest embryo-maternal ***,we highlight existing gaps in the knowledge and the importance of exploring more of the physiology of FTs which will hold the key to producing high-quality embryos for patients seekingin vitro fertilization(IVF)treatments.

关键词： Fallopian tube Embryo Maternal-embryo communication Hormonal control

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世界第一名餐厅什么样？让人吃哭了的美食哲学与情感魔法

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环球人文地理 2024年第13期 62-67页

作者：王洁 Francesc Guillamet ernest Abentin Joan Valera

万众瞩目的 2024世界50佳餐厅榜单揭晓，西班牙Disfrutar餐厅摘得桂冠！Disfrutar可译为“享受”，店如其名，这里呈献的美食体验堪称全球之最，每一口，都是对味蕾边界的惊喜探索。北京时间2024年6月6日，最受美食界瞩目和认可的国际...

万众瞩目的 2024世界50佳餐厅榜单揭晓，西班牙Disfrutar餐厅摘得桂冠！Disfrutar可译为“享受”，店如其名，这里呈献的美食体验堪称全球之最，每一口，都是对味蕾边界的惊喜探索。北京时间2024年6月6日，最受美食界瞩目和认可的国际榜单——“The World’s 50 Best Restaurants（世界50佳餐厅）”公布了今年的排名，位于西班牙巴塞罗那的米其林三星餐厅Disfrutar荣登榜首！

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Contribution to the Study of Fungal Strains Contaminating Peanut Pastes in Bangui (Central African Republic)

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2024年第5期17卷 97-106页

作者： Romaric Lebon Bondom ernest Lango-Yaya Mireille Morissi Denissio Clotaire Donatien Rafai Alban Thibaut Moulo-Oli Zéphirin Vogbia Dalenga Marceline Djeintote Mossoro-Kpindé Boniface Koffi Laboratory of Biomedical Sciences (LASBM) Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic National Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Public Health Ministry of Health and Public Population Bangui Central African Republic

Introduction: Peanut pastes are food products resulting from artisanal or industrial processing, used in cooking in Africa in general and in Central African Republic in particular. These peanut pastes are often contaminated by molds and filamentous fungi involved in the degradation of hygienic and organoleptic or even toxicological quality. This study aims to determine the epidemiological profile of molds contaminating peanut pastes sold on the Central African market. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study carried out from June to September 2023. Samples of peanut pastes sold on Central African market were taken and analyzed at the National Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Public Health using the conventional microbiology method according to ISO 7954 standards. The data obtained were collected in the ODK 2023.3.1 application and analyzed with the Epi Info 7 software. A multivariate analysis by logistic regression, Ficher’s exact test, and chi2 at the 5% threshold (p Penicillium sp.;11.25% of Mucor sp.;10.63% of Aspergillus terrei;3.13% of Aspergillus niger;1.25% of Aspergillus medullans;28.13% of Aspergillus flavus;2.50% of Aspergillus fumigatus. Peanut pastes stored beyond three days were more contaminated (94.19%). Conclusion: The results of this study made it possible to highlight strains of mold that impact the hygienic and organoleptic quality of peanut pastes sold at the Central African market. Most of the isolated strains were the Aspergillus flavus species which is recognized by its toxigenic effects. This species is much more incriminated in the contamination of foodstuffs with the production of the toxin which causes underlying pulmonary pathologies in humans.

关键词： Peanut Pastes Fungal Contamination Central African Republic

Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Salmonella Strains Isolated at the National Clinical Biology and Public Health Laboratory in Bangui, Central African Republic

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Health 2024年第2期16卷 160-171页

作者： Marceline Djeintote ernest Lango-Yaya Zéphirin-Dalengat Vogbia Clotaire Donatien Rafaï Augustin Balekouzou Henri Saint-Claver Djemer Wilfried Sylvain Nambei Boniface Koffi Gérard Gresenguet National Blood Transfusion Center Bangui Central African Republic Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic National Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Public Health Bangui Central African Republic National Reference Center for Sexually Transmitted Infections and Anti-Retroviral Therapy Bangui Central African Republic National Center for the Fight against AIDS Bangui Central African Republic

In Africa, each year, there are estimated to be more than 91 million cases of salmonellosis and 137,000 cases of death. The problem of antibiotic resistance in Salmonella strains is a threat to public health. The objective of this study is to evaluate the antibiotic resistance profile of Salmonella strains isolated in biological products analyzed at the National Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Public Health (NLCBPH) in Bangui. This is, therefore, a cross-sectional study with a descriptive aim, running from January to December 2022. It focused on the strains of Salmonella isolated and identified in stools, urines, and blood samples. For each strain of Salmonella isolated, an antibiogram was carried out following the recommendations of the French Society of Microbiology (CASFM, 2022). A total of 93 strains of Salmonella have been recorded. The age group 0 - 9 years was 29% and that of >50 years was 11%. The median age of patients was 30 years with a minimum of 1 and a maximum of 78 years. The female gender was more represented at 52.69% than the male gender at 47.31%, i.e. a sex ratio of 0.89 (M/F). Salmonella strains were much more isolated in stools at 62% followed by urines at 29% and blood at 6%. Salmonella arizonae strains were more represented with 52%. Salmonella strains have a resistance rate to Tetracycline of 62.37% followed by Penicillins of 50%. The rate of multi-antibiotic resistance of the Salmonella strains isolated represented 48.38%. Salmonella spp. strains were multi-resistant at 58.69% followed by Salmonella arizonae strains at 47.91%. There is a significant association between the different families of antibiotics and Salmonella strains (p < 0.05). According to the results obtained, Penicillins, Phenicoles, and Cyclins had a high rate of resistance on Salmonella strains. No strain-producing Broad Spectrum Beta-lactamase has been isolated. Salmonella strains represent a zoonotic health danger, constitute a public health problem and remain a curre

关键词： Salmonella Resistance Antibiotics Central African Republic

Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae Strains in Bangui, from 2017 to 2022: Case of Serotype 1

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2024年第2期14卷 131-145页

作者： Zéphirin Dalengat Vogbia ernest Lango Yaya Marceline Djeintote Stéphanie Judith N’Yetobouko Jean de Dieu Longo Clotaire Donatien Rafaï Christian Diamant Mossoro-Kpindet Gérard Gresenguet Epidemiology and Research Service National Reference Center for Sexually Transmitted Infections and Anti-Retroviral Therapy Ministry of Health Bangui Central African Republic Faculty of Health Sciences Doctoral School of Human and Veterinary Health Sciences University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic National Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Public Health Bangui Central African Republic National Blood Transfusion Center Bangui Central African Republic Public Department Ministry of Health Bangui Central African Republic

Goals: The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic resistance profile of serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains circulating in Bangui. Methodology: A prospective and analytical analysis was carried out at the National Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Public Health from 2017 to 2022. The strains came from our study on the contribution to the study of antibiotic sensitivity of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains. The multiplex PCR test was used for its cost-effectiveness in terms of amplifiers which can be purified in order to be sequenced. It also makes it possible to detect several germs as well as their serotypes. For a PCR reaction, several elements are involved in the reaction medium or Master Mix. These are the desoxyribonucleotides (dNTPs), the magnesium ions (MgCl2) and the primers. A set of 14 primers divided into 3 classes were used. Class 1 primers served as an internal control by targeting the cpsA gene. It is a highly conserved gene found in capsular loci characterized to date. The primers of the second class were used to target specific serotypes by specific reactions (out of six possibilities). The group reaction was carried out using the primers of the third class in order to carry out an initial screening of the samples and to classify the pneumococcal isolates. Related serotypes were grouped based on the amplification of common genes. Using the technique of electrophoresis on agarose gel and an ultraviolet radiation device, the migration bands are then visualized and analyzed. The data collected had been entered into Excel 2010 and analyzed with Epi info 7. The exact Fischer chi2 test at the 5% threshold, the relative risk and its 95% confidence interval were used to compare the proportions and determine the associations. Results: 187 antibiotic-resistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae were collected. The average frequency of serotypes 1, 9A, 4 and untypeable identified were 43.59%, 18.18%, 18.27% and 39.57% respectively. The fre

关键词： Streptococcus pneumonia Serotype Antibiotic Resistance Bangui