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Image-Based Automatic Diagnostic System for Tomato Plants Using Deep Learning

Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第4期67卷 595-612页

作者： Shaheen Khatoon Md Maruf Hasan amna asif Majed Alshmari Yun-Kiam Yap College of Computer Science and Information Technology King Faisal UniversityAl-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia College of Science King Faisal UniversityAl-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia

Tomato production is affected by various threats,including pests,pathogens,and nutritional deciencies during its growth *** control is not timely,these threats affect the plant-growth,fruit-yield,or even loss of the entire crop,which is a key danger to farmers’livelihood and food *** plant disease diagnosis methods heavily rely on plant pathologists that incur high processing time and huge *** and cost-effective methods are essential for timely detection and early intervention of basic food threats to ensure food security and reduce substantial economic *** developments in Articial Intelligence(AI)and computer vision allow researchers to develop image-based automatic diagnostic tools to quickly and accurately detect *** this work,we proposed an AI-based approach to detect diseases in tomato *** goal is to develop an end-to-end system to diagnose essential crop problems in real-time,ensuring high *** paper employs various deep learning models to recognize and predict different diseases caused by pathogens,pests,and nutritional *** Convolutional Neural Networks(CNNs)are trained on a large dataset of leaves and fruits images of tomato *** compared the performance of ShallowNet(a shallow network trained from scratch)and the state-of-theart deep learning network(models are ne-tuned via transfer learning).In our experiments,DenseNet consistently achieved high performance with an accuracy score of 95.31%on the test *** results verify that deep learning models with the least number of parameters,reasonable complexity,and appropriate depth achieve the best *** experiments are implemented in Python,utilizing the Keras deep learning library backend with TensorFlow.

关键词： Tomato plant disease classication and prediction deep learning convolutional neural network RestNet VGGNet DenseNet

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Development of Social Media Analytics System for Emergency Event Detection and Crisis Management

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第9期68卷 3079-3100页

作者： Shaheen Khatoon Majed AAlshamari amna asif Md Maruf Hasan Sherif Abdou Khaled Mostafa Elsayed Mohsen Rashwan Department of Information System College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyKing Faisal UniversityAl-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence Cairo UniversityEgypt Faculty of Computing&Information Cairo UniversityEgypt Faculty of Engineering Cairo UniversityEgypt

Social media platforms have proven to be effective for information gathering during emergency events caused by natural or human-made *** response authorities,law enforcement agencies,and the public can use this information to gain situational awareness and improve disaster *** case of emergencies,rapid responses are needed to address victims’requests for *** research community has developed many social media platforms and used them effectively for emergency response and coordination in the ***,most of the present deployments of platforms in crisis management are not automated,and their operational success largely depends on experts who analyze the information manually and coordinate with relevant humanitarian agencies or law enforcement authorities to initiate emergency response *** seamless integration of automatically identifying types of urgent needs from millions of posts and delivery of relevant information to the appropriate agency for timely response has become *** research project aims to develop a generalized Information Technology(IT)solution for emergency response and disaster management by integrating social media data as its core *** this paper,we focused on text analysis techniques which can help the emergency response authorities to filter through the sheer amount of information gathered automatically for supporting their relief *** specifically,we applied state-of-the-art Natural Language Processing(NLP),Machine Learning(ML),and Deep Learning(DL)techniques ranging from unsupervised to supervised learning for an in-depth analysis of social media data for the purpose of extracting real-time information on a critical event to facilitate emergency response in a *** a proof of concept,a case study on the COVID-19 pandemic on the data collected from Twitter is presented,providing evidence that the scientific and operational goals have been achieved.

关键词： Crisis management social media analytics machine learning natural language processing deep learning

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Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease and low muscle strength: A comment

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第17期30卷 2371-2373页

作者： Masood Muhammad Karim amna Subhan Butt Department of Gastroenterology The Aga Khan University HospitalKarachi 74800SindhPakistan Department of Medicine Aga Khan University HospitalKarachi 74800Pakistan

The diagnosis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease only on the basis of laboratory parameter score such as Hepatic Steatosis Index which includes liver enzymes,gender,basal metabolic index,and presence of diabetic mellitus is not sufficient to exclude other causes of deranged liver enzymes especially medications and autoimmune related liver *** the guideline suggests ultrasound is the preferred first-line diagnostic procedure for imaging of NAFLD,as it provides additional diagnostic information and the combination of biomarkers/scores and transient elastography might confer additional diagnostic accuracy and evident from previous similar studies too.

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Metabolic dysfunction associated fatty liver disease Low muscle strength Hepatic Steatosis Index Letter to the editor

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Optimized Binary Neural Networks for Road Anomaly Detection:A TinyML Approach on Edge Devices

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 527-546页

作者： amna Khatoon Weixing Wang Asad Ullah Limin Li Mengfei Wang School of Information Engineering Chang’an UniversityXi’an710064China School of Information Engineering Xi’an Eurasia UniversityXi’an710065China School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Wenzhou UniversityWenzhou325035China

Integrating Tiny Machine Learning(TinyML)with edge computing in remotely sensed images enhances the capabilities of road anomaly detection on a broader *** devices efficiently implement a Binary Neural Network(BNN)for road feature extraction,utilizing quantization and compression through a pruning *** modifications resulted in a 28-fold decrease in memory usage and a 25%enhancement in inference speed while only experiencing a 2.5%decrease in *** showcases its superiority over conventional detection algorithms in different road image *** constrained by computer resources and training datasets,our results indicate opportunities for future research,demonstrating that quantization and focused optimization can significantly improve machine learning models’accuracy and operational *** Cortex-M0 gives practical feasibility and substantial benefits while deploying our optimized BNN model on this low-power device:Advanced machine learning in edge *** analysis work delves into the educational significance of TinyML and its essential function in analyzing road networks using remote sensing,suggesting ways to improve smart city frameworks in road network assessment,traffic management,and autonomous vehicle navigation systems by emphasizing the importance of new technologies for maintaining and safeguarding road networks.

关键词： Edge computing remote sensing TinyML optimization BNNs road anomaly detection quantization model compression

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Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Orange and Lemon Peel Extract and Evaluation of Their Antimicrobial Properties

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Advances in Nanoparticles 2024年第2期13卷 11-28页

作者： Amra Bratovcic amna Dautovic Department of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry Faculty of Technology University of Tuzla Tuzla Bosnia and Herzegovina Multilab Tuzla Bosnia and Herzegovina

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using aqueous extracts of orange and lemon peels, as a reducing agent, and silver nitrate salts as a source of silver ions is a promising field of research due to the versatility of biomedical applications of metal nanoparticles. In this paper, AgNPs were synthetized at different reaction parameters such as the type and concentration of the extracts, metal salt concentration, temperature, speed stirring, and pH. The antibacterial properties of the obtained silver nanoparticles against E. coli, as well as the physical and chemical characteristics of the synthesized silver nanoparticles, were investigated. UV-Vis spectroscopy was used to confirm the formation of AgNPs. In addition to green biogenic synthesis, chemical synthesis of silver nanoparticles was also carried out. The optimal temperature for extraction was 65˚C, while for the synthesis of AgNPs was 35˚C. The synthesis is carried out in an acidic environment (pH = 4.7 orange and pH = 3.8 lemon), neutral (pH = 7) and alkaline (pH = 10), then for different concentrations of silver nitrate solution (0.5 mM - 1 mM), optimal time duration of the reaction was 60 min and optimal stirring speed rotation was 250 rpm on the magnetic stirrer. The physical properties of the synthesized silver nanoparticles (conductivity, density and refractive index) were also studied, and the passage of laser light through the obtained solution and distilled water was compared. Positive inhibitory effect on the growth of new Escherichia coli colonies have shown AgNPs synthesized at a basic pH value and at a 0.1 mM AgNO3 using orange or lemon peel extract, while for a 0.5 mM AgNO3 using lemon peel extract.

关键词： Green Synthesis Silver Nanoparticles Orange and Lemon Peel Extract Antibacterial Activity Escherichia coli

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Electron Temperature Measurement Using PIN Diodes as Detectors to Record the X-ray Pulses from a Low-Energy Mather-Type Plasma Focus

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Plasma Science and Technology 2004年第2期6卷 2199-2203页

作者： M.asif amna Ikram Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Engineering and Technology Lahore 54000 Pakistan Hefei 230031 China Department of Physics Government College University Lahore 54000 Pakistan

In the experiment to determine the plasma electron temperature, a modifiedmultichannel PIN diodes assembly is used as detectors to record the X-ray pulses from a low-energyMather-type plasma focus device energized by a 32μF, 15 kV (3.6kJ) single capacitor, with deuteriumas a filling gas. The ratio of the integrated bremsstrahlung emission transmitting through foils tothe total incident flux as a function of foil thickness at various temperatures is obtained forfoil absorbers of material. Using 3 μm, 6 μm, 9 μm,12 μm,15 μm and 18 μm thick aluminiumabsorbers, the transmitted X-ray flux is detected. By comparing the experimental and theoreticalcurves through a computer program, the plasma electron temperature is determined. Results show thatthe deuterium focus plasma electron temperature is about 800 eV.

关键词： plasma focus PIN diodes X-ray foil absorber thickness

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萜类化合物微生物合成中酶工程的研究进展与展望（英文）

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生物工程学报 2024年第8期 2473-2488页

作者： amna Bibi 苏立秋戴宗杰王钦宏中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所国家合成生物技术创新中心中国科学院大学

萜类化合物以其结构与功能的多样性而闻名，在食品、化妆品、洗涤用品中广泛应用。微生物合成是萜类化合物绿色可持续生产的方式之一，近年来备受关注。然而，参与萜类物质合成的天然酶存在催化活性低、特异性差、稳定性不足等问题，限... 详细信息

萜类化合物以其结构与功能的多样性而闻名，在食品、化妆品、洗涤用品中广泛应用。微生物合成是萜类化合物绿色可持续生产的方式之一，近年来备受关注。然而，参与萜类物质合成的天然酶存在催化活性低、特异性差、稳定性不足等问题，限制了萜类化合物的微生物生产效率。酶工程是酶蛋白结构及功能改造优化的重要手段。近年来研究人员通过使用不同的酶工程策略，使萜类合成相关酶的活性、选择性、稳定性得到了明显提升，为萜类化合物的可持续生产提供有力支持。本文综述了近年来微生物合成萜类物质关键酶改造的工程策略，包括提高酶活性、稳定性、改变特异性以及多酶协同促进传质等；同时展望了酶工程技术在萜类微生物合成中面临的挑战及未来发展方向。

关键词：萜类化合物微生物合成酶工程酶改造萜类合酶

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Impact of index admission cholecystectomy vs interval cholecystectomy on readmission rate in acute cholangitis: National Readmission Database survey

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第6期16卷 350-360页

作者： Abdullah Sohail Ahmed Shehadah Ammad Chaudhary Khadija Naseem amna Iqbal Ahmad Khan Shailendra Singh Department of Internal Medicine University of Iowa Roy J and Lucille A Carver College of MedicineIowaIA 52242United States Department of Internal Medicine Rochester General HospitalRochesterNY 14621United States Department of Internal Medicine Henry Ford HospitalDetroitMI 48202United States Department of Internal Medicine Cleveland Clinic FoundationClevelandOH 44195-0001United States Department of Internal Medicine University of ToledoToledoOH 43606United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Case Western Reserve University HospitalClevelandOH 44106United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology West Virginia University School of MedicineMorgantownWV 26505United States

BACKGROUND Elective cholecystectomy(CCY)is recommended for patients with gallstone-related acute cholangitis(AC)following endoscopic decompression to prevent recurrent biliary ***,the optimal timing and implications of CCY remain *** To examine the impact of same-admission CCY compared to interval CCY on patients with gallstone-related AC using the National Readmission Database(NRD).METHODS We queried the NRD to identify all gallstone-related AC hospitalizations in adult patients with and without the same admission CCY between 2016 and *** primary outcome was all-cause 30-d readmission rates,and secondary outcomes included in-hospital mortality,length of stay(LOS),and hospitalization *** Among the 124964 gallstone-related AC hospitalizations,only 14.67%underwent the same admission *** all-cause 30-d readmissions in the same admission CCY group were almost half that of the non-CCY group(5.56%vs 11.50%).Patients in the same admission CCY group had a longer mean LOS and higher hospitalization costs attrib-utable to *** the most common reason for readmission was sepsis in both groups,the second most common reason was AC in the interval CCY *** Our study suggests that patients with gallstone-related AC who do not undergo the same admission CCY have twice the risk of readmission compared to those who undergo CCY during the same *** readmis-sions can potentially be prevented by performing same-admission CCY in appropriate patients,which may reduce subsequent hospitalization costs secondary to readmissions.

关键词： Acute cholangitis Gallstone-related complications National Readmission Database 30-d readmission rates Resource utilization In-hospital mortality

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倍半萜类化合物生物学活性研究进展

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中国实验方剂学杂志 2024年第5期30卷 289-298页

作者：杨立苑程菊陈建军陈晓峥石小艺 Rasheed amna 史文静刘秀珠谢小冬甘肃中医药大学兰州730000 兰州大学基础医学院遗传学研究所兰州730000 兰州大学功能有机分子化学国家重点实验室兰州730000

倍半萜化合物是由15个碳原子组成的天然存在的化合物,按照含氧基团可分为倍半萜醇、酮、内酯、醛、羧酸等,该化合物在自然界中分布广泛,其生理活性也多种多样,例如在抗肿瘤方面,发现了很多具有潜在抗癌作用的倍半萜类化合物,包括细胞毒... 详细信息

倍半萜化合物是由15个碳原子组成的天然存在的化合物,按照含氧基团可分为倍半萜醇、酮、内酯、醛、羧酸等,该化合物在自然界中分布广泛,其生理活性也多种多样,例如在抗肿瘤方面,发现了很多具有潜在抗癌作用的倍半萜类化合物,包括细胞毒、抗氧化、免疫调节、细胞增殖等。此外,一些倍半萜类化合物在抗菌、抗炎和抗心血管疾病等方面也有较好的应用前景。恶性肿瘤、炎症、细菌性疾病与心血管疾病都是导致人类死亡的主要疾病,而天然产物对治疗这些疾病都有独到的优势,因此,开发新的易于推广的药物成为新的研究热点。该文针对具有抗肿瘤、抗炎、抗菌及抗心血管疾病活性,在中草药和植物天然成分,如菊科苍耳属、苍术属、旋复花属、云木香属、地胆草属、蒿属、千里光属、橐吾属,唇形科薄荷属、地笋属,姜科姜黄属、姜属等中草药和植物中提取出来的倍半萜化合物,综述了该化合物的生物学活性及其相关机制,为倍半萜的进一步研究和临床合理应用提供参考依据。

关键词：倍半萜类化合物中药天然化合物生物学活性机制

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Allogenic Stem Cell Transplantation and COVID-19 Antibodies: Mechanistic Insights and Recipient Concerns

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Open Journal of Immunology 2024年第2期14卷 16-32页

作者： amna Umer Asma Umer Khayam Nasar Khan David Lawrence Greene Umm E. Habiba Sabiha Shamim Pak-American Hospital Pvt. Ltd. Islamabad Pakistan R3 Medical Research LLC Scottsdale USA Bello Bio Labs and Therapeutics (SMC) Pvt. Ltd. Islamabad Pakistan Department of Biochemistry Rawalpindi Medical University Rawalpindi Pakistan Bello Bio LLC Scottsdale USA

Collecting umbilical cord stem cells is widely practiced due to its numerous benefits. Over the past decade, umbilical cord stem cells (UCSCs) have shown effectiveness in treating various conditions, such as bone pathologies, neuropsychiatry disorders, hereditary diseases, and metabolic disorders. However, factors like immunization affect the quantity and quality of cord harvesting. Studies suggest that antibodies from the mother pass through the umbilical cord to protect the infant against infections. Cleaning the umbilical cord before stem cell extraction is crucial to maintain sterility and cell integrity. Vaccinating a female donor, including for COVID-19, typically does not directly affect the stem cells. Although vaccines aim to trigger an immunological response, they generally do not affect the donor’s stem cells.

关键词： Vaccination Stem Cell Allogeneic COVID Antibodies

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