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Extracellular vesicles as tools and targets in therapy for diseases

signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第3期9卷 872-912页

作者： Mudasir A.Kumar sadaf K.Baba Hana Q.sadida sara al.Marzooqi Jayakumar Jerobin Faisal H.altemani Naseh algehainy Mohammad A.alanazi Abdul-Badi Abou-samra Rakesh Kumar ammira s.al-shabeeb akil Muzafar A.Macha Rashid Mir Ajaz A.Bhat Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine Islamic University of Science and TechnologyAwantiporaKashmir 192122India Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes Obesity and Cancer ProgramSidra MedicineDohaQatar Qatar Metabolic Institute Academic Health SystemHamad Medical CorporationDohaQatar Department of Medical Laboratory Technology Prince Fahad Bin Sultan Chair for Biomedical ResearchFaculty of Applied Medical SciencesUniversity of TabukTabukSaudi Arabia school of Biotechnology Shri Mata Vaishno Devi UniversityKatraIndia

Extracellular vesicles(EVs)are nano-sized,membranous structures secreted into the extracellular *** exhibit diverse sizes,contents,and surface markers and are ubiquitously released from cells under normal and pathological *** serum is a rich source of these EVs,though their isolation from serum proteins and non-EV lipid particles poses *** vesicles transport various cellular components such as proteins,mRNAs,miRNAs,DNA,and lipids across distances,influencing numerous physiological and pathological events,including those within the tumor microenvironment(TME).Their pivotal roles in cellular communication make EVs promising candidates for therapeutic agents,drug delivery systems,and disease *** in cancer diagnostics,EV detection can pave the way for early identification and offers potential as diagnostic ***,various EV subtypes are emerging as targeted drug delivery tools,highlighting their potential clinical *** need for non-invasive biomarkers to monitor biological processes for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes remains *** into the unique composition of EVs could unlock advanced diagnostic and therapeutic avenues in the *** this review,we discuss in detail the roles of EVs across various conditions,including cancers(encompassing head and neck,lung,gastric,breast,and hepatocellular carcinoma),neurodegenerative disorders,diabetes,viral infections,autoimmune and renal diseases,emphasizing the potential advancements in molecular diagnostics and drug delivery.

关键词： diseases sized sizes

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Provenance and depositional setting of the Late MiocenePleistocene clastic sediments in the eastern Arabian Peninsula and western Iraq using rare earth elements geochemistry

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第2期43卷 399-410页

作者： salih M.Awadh Zinah s.al-Ankaz Mohanad R.A.al-Owaidi John s.Armstrong-altrin Department of Geology College of ScienceUniversity of BaghdadBaghdadIraq Department of Geology College of ScienceUniversity of WasitWasit 52011Iraq Department of Applied Geology College of ScienceUniversity of BabylonBabylon 51001Iraq Unidad de Procesos Oceanicos y Costeros Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y LimnologíaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoCiudad Universitaria04510 Mexico CityCDMXMexico Department of Marine sciences Bharathidasan UniversityTiruchirapalliTamil Nadu 620024India

The sandstones of the Late miocene–Pliocene Dibdibba Formation in the Najaf–Karbala Plateau and Basra were examined to determine their source rocks and origin. The rare earth elements(REE) and trace elements(sc, Co, V, and Th) concentrations in these sandstones revealed that they likely derived from a single source. The steep light rare earth elements(LREE) and flat, heavy rare earth element(HREE) patterns, negative Eu anomaly, and high ΣREE contents in sandstones suggest its derivation from a suggests that a passive continental margin environment and originated from felsic source rocks. The average concentration of ΣREE is 93.5 ppm, which is lower than that of the average crus.al compositions like Upper Continental Crust and Post Archean Australian s.ale. The higher proportion of LREE compared to HREE implies that these sandstones were recycled and derived from a dis.al source. The Th/Co, Th/sc, La/sc, La/Co, Eu/Eu*and(La/Lu)cn elemental ratios indicated that these Late Miocene–Pliocene sandstones were derived from felsic rocks located in the marginal region of the Arabian shield.

关键词： REE Dibdibba formation Clastic sediments Passive continental margin

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Traffic Control Based on Integrated Kalman Filtering and Adaptive Quantized Q-Learning Framework for Internet of Vehicles

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2024年第3期138卷 2103-2127页

作者： Othman s.al-Heety Zahriladha Zakaria Ahmed Abu-Khadrah Mahamod Ismail sarmad Nozad Mahmood Mohammed Mudhafar shakir Hussein alsariera Faculty of Electronic and Computer Engineering Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka(UTeM)Durian TunggalMalaysia College of Computing&Informatics Saudi Electronic UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Electrical Electronic and System EngineeringUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaUKM BangiSelangorMalaysia Computer Technology Engineering College of Engineering TechnologyAl-Kitab UniversityKirkukIraq Faculty of Engineering and Electronic Engineering Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia(UTHM)Batu PahatMalaysia 6Research Center DepartmentThe University of MashreqBaghdadIraq

Intelligent traffic control requires accurate estimation of the road states and incorporation of adaptive or dynamically adjusted intelligent algorithms for making the *** this article,these issues are handled by proposing a novel framework for traffic control using vehicular communications and Internet of Things *** framework integrates Kalman filtering and *** smoothing Kalman filtering,our data fusion Kalman filter incorporates a process-aware model which makes it superior in terms of the prediction *** traditional Q-learning,our Q-learning algorithm enables adaptive state quantization by changing the threshold of separating low traffic from high traffic on the road according to the maximum number of vehicles in the junction *** evaluation,the model has been simulated on a single intersection consisting of four roads:east,west,north,and south.A comparison of the developed adaptive quantized Q-learning(AQQL)framework with state-of-the-art and greedy approaches shows the superiority of AQQL with an improvement percentage in terms of the released number of vehicles of AQQL is 5%over the greedy approach and 340%over the state-of-the-art ***,AQQL provides an effective traffic control that can be applied in today’s intelligent traffic system.

关键词： Q-learning intelligent transportation system(ITs) traffic control vehicular communication kalman filtering smart city Internet of Things

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symmetries,optimal system,exact and soliton solutions of(3+1)-dimensional Gardner-KP equation

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and science 2024年第2期9卷 178-190页

作者： Amjad Hussain Ashreen Anjum M.Junaid-U-Rehman Ilyas Khan Mariam A.sameh Amnah s.al-Johani Department of Mathematics Quaid-I-Azam University 45320Islamabad 44000Pakistan Department of Mathematics College of Science Al-ZulfiMajmaah UniversityAl-MajmaahP.O Box 66Majmaah 11952Saudi Arabia Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyFuture University in EgyptNew Cairo 11845Egypt Mathematics Department Faculty of ScienceUniversity of TabukTabukSaudi Arabia

In this research article,the(3+1)-dimensional nonlinear Gardner-Kadomtsov-Petviashvili(Gardner-KP)equation which depicts the nonlinear modulation of periodic waves,is analyzed through the Lie group-theoretic *** the Lie invariance condition,we find the symmetry *** pro-posed model yields eight-dimensional Lie ***,an optimal system of sub-algebras is com-puted,and similarity reductions are *** considered nonlinear partial differential equation is re-duced into ordinary differential equations(ODEs)by utilizing the similarity transformation method(sTM),which has the benefit of yielding a large number of accurate traveling wave *** ODEs are further solved to get closed-form solutions of the Gardner-KP equation in some cases,while in other cases,we use the new auxiliary equation method to get its soliton *** evolution profiles of the obtained solutions are examined graphically under the appropriate selection of arbitrary parameters.

关键词： Gardner-KP equation Lie symmetry analysis Optimal system New auxiliary equation method solitary wave solutions

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Developing a Model for Parkinson’s Disease Detection Using Machine Learning algorithms

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 4945-4962页

作者： Naif al Mudawi Department of Computer science College of Computer Science and Information SystemNajran UniversityNajran55461Saudi Arabia

Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a chronic neurological condition that progresses over *** start to have trouble speaking,writing,walking,or performing other basic skills as dopamine-generating neurons in some brain regions are injured or *** patient’s symptoms become more severe due to the worsening of their signs over *** this study,we applied state-of-the-art machine learning algorithms to diagnose Parkinson’s disease and identify related risk *** research worked on the publicly available dataset on PD,and the dataset consists of a set of significant characteristics of *** aim to apply soft computing techniques and provide an effective solution for medical professionals to diagnose PD *** research methodology involves developing a model using a machine learning *** the model selection,eight different machine learning techniques were adopted:Namely,Random Forest(RF),Decision Tree(DT),support Vector Machine(sVM),Naïve Bayes(NB),Light Gradient Boosting Machine(LightGBM),K-Nearest Neighbours(KNN),Extreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost),and Logistic Regression(LR).subsequently,the concentrated models were validated through 10-fold Cross-Validation and Receiver Operating Characteristic(ROC)—Area Under the Curve(AUC).In addition,GridsearchCV was utilised to measure each algorithm’s best parameter;eventually,the models were trained through the hyperparameter tuning *** 98%accuracy,LightGBM had the highest accuracy in this ***,KNN,and sVM came in second with 96%***,the performance scores of NB and LR were recorded to be 76%and 83%,*** is to be mentioned that after applying 10-fold cross-validation,the average performance score of LightGBM accounted for 93%.At the same time,the percentage of ROC-AUC appeared at 0.92,which indicates that this LightGBM model reached a satisfactory ***,we extracted meaningful insights and figured out potential gaps on top of *** extracting meaningful in

关键词： Light GBM cross-validation ROC-AUC Parkinson’s disease(PD) sVM and XGBoost

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A regular MOG black hole's impact on shadows and gravitational weak lensing in the presence of a quintessence field

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第8期76卷 93-104页

作者： Ahmad al-Badawi sanjar shaymatov Mirzabek alloqulov Anzhong Wang Department of Physics Al-Hussein Bin Talal University Institute for Theoretical Physics and Cosmology Zhejiang University of Technology Tashkent state Technical University University of Tashkent for Applied sciences New Uzbekistan University Institute of Fundamental and Applied Research National Research University TIIAME GCAP-CAsPER Physics Department Baylor University

We investigate the impact of the modified gravity（MOG） field and the quintessence s.alar field on horizon evolution, black hole（BH） shadow and the weak gravitational lensing around a static spherically symmetric BH. We first begin to write the BH metric associated with the MOG parameter and quintessence s.alar field. We then determine the BH shadow and obtain numerical solutions for the photon sphere and shadow radius. We show that the MOG（α） and the quintessence（c） parameters have a significant impact on the BH shadow and photon *** on the analysis, we further show that the combined effects of the MOG parameter and quintessence field can increase the values of BH shadow and photon sphere radii. We also obtain constraints on the BH parameters by applying the observational data of sgr A★and M87★.Finally, we consider the weak deflection angle of BH within the context of the Gauss–Bonnet theorem（GBT） and show that the combined effects of the MOG and quintessence parameters do make the value of the deflection angle increase, and find this remarkable property is in good agreement with the physical meaning of both parameters that can maintain the strong gravitational field in the surrounding environment of a BH.

关键词： gravitational weak lensing modified gravity quintessence field shadows

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Rare earth based MgPm_(2)X_(4)(X=s,se) spinel chalcogenides for spintronic and thermoelectric applications

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第8期42卷 1577-1585,I0006页

作者： Tariq M.al-Daraghmeh Omar Zayed Ghulam M.Mustafa Taharh Zelai Bisma Younas Hind albalawi s.Bouzgarrou Othman Hakami Q.Mahmood Khaild I.Hussein Basic sciences Department King Abdullah II School of EngineeringPrincess Sumaya University For TechnologyPO.Box 1438Al-jubaiha11941AmmanJordan Department of Physics Division of Science&TechnologyUniversity of EducationLahorePakistan Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceJazan University JazanSaudi Arabia Department of Physics The University of LahoreLahorePakistan Department of Physics College of SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University(PNU)PO.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Physics College of ScienceQassim UniversityPo.64BuraidahSaudi Arabia Laboratoire de Microelectronique et Instrumentation(UR 03/13-04)Faculte des sciences de Monastir Avenue de I'Environnement 5000MonastirTunisia Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceJazan University JazanSaudi Arabia Basic&Applied scientifc Research Center Department of PhysicsCollege of ScienceImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityPO.Box 1982Dammam 31441Saudi Arabia Department of Radiological sciences College of Applied Medical SciencesKing Khalid UniversityAbha61421Saudi Arabia

In current report,the structural,magnetic,and thermoelectric properties of RE doped MgPm_(2)X_(4)(X=s,se) spinels were *** energy difference in ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic states reveals the stability of MgPm_(2)(s/se)_(4) in the ferromagnetic *** co mputation of enthalpy of formation also ascertains thermodynamic stability of crys.al ***-dependent band structure and density of states analysis reveal ferromagnetic semiconducting character showing different electronic behavior in both spin *** room temperature ferromagnetism,spin polarization and Curie temperature are estimated from exchange energies *** addition,exchange constants(N_(0)α and N_(0)β),exchange energy Δ_(x)(pd),crys.al ifeld energy,and double exchange mechanism were studied to explore the magnetic ***,the electrical conductivity,thermal conductivity,seebeck co-efficient,and power factor show effect on electrons spin and their potential for thermoelectric devices.

关键词： Rare earth elements spintronic applications Thermoelectric effects Exchange energies

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Facies development and sedimentology of the Middle Miocene carbonates of the Raghama Formation, northeastern saudi Arabia

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第1期43卷 87-96页

作者： Mansour H.al-Hashim Abdelbaset s.El-sorogy Mes.al Wadani Department of Geology and Geophysics College of ScienceKing Saud University2455Riyadh 11451Saudi Arabia

Ragahama Formation comprises a siliciclastic continental deposits followed by marine carbonates, representing prograding alluvial fans from adjacent high hinterlands seaward into lagoons and fringing reef environments. The present work aimed to document the facies development and sedimentology of the Raghama carbonates exposed along the eastern coas.al plain of the Red sea, northwestern saudi Arabia. Four stratigraphic sections were measured and sampled(D1–D4) and thin sections and major and trace element analyses were prepared and applied for petrographic and geochemical approaches. The carbonates were subdivided into three successive fore-reef, reef-core, and back-reef depositional facies. sandy stromatolitic boundstone, microbial laminites, dolomitic ooidal grainstone, bioclastic coralline algal wackestone, sandy bioclastic wackestone, and coral boundstones were the reported microfacies types. Petrographic analysis reveals that the studied carbonates were affected by dissolution, dolomitization, and aggrading recrys.allization, which affects both the original micrite matrix and grains or acts as fracture and veinlet filling leading to widespread vuggy and moldic porosity. No evidence of physical compaction, suggesting rapid lithification and recrys.allization during early diagenesis and prior to substantial burial and intensive flushing by meteoric waters. Most of the original microstructure of corals were leached and destructed. This is indicated by the higher depletion in sr and Ca levels and increase in Mg,Na, Fe, and Mn levels, especially in section D1, in comparison with the worldwide carbonates.

关键词： Raghama Formation Miocene Diagenesis Geochemistry saudi Arabia

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Review of tribological properties of nanoparticle-based lubricants and their hybrids and composites

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Friction 2024年第4期12卷 569-590页

作者： Ye Zar Ni HTWE Aws.s.al-JANABI Yasmin WADZER Hussin MAMAT Ku NOORYAsMIN school of Materials&Mineral Resources Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia(Engineering Campus)Nibong Tebal 14300Malaysia school of Aerospace Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia(Engineering Campus)Nibong Tebal 14300Malaysia Universiti sains Malaysia

Due to their encouraging results,nanolubricants have been revolutionary in the field of *** degree,to which the new material may improve the tribology,energy savings,and durability,is a crucial consideration for any new additive to a conventional *** results of the earlier research on carbon,metal,metal oxide,and their composites and hybrid nanolubricants as well as their effects on tribology,are summarized in this review *** most popular measuring methodologies,the tribology results for lubricants with an oil base,biodegradable base,and a water base,as well as the reasons that explain these tribological advancements,are all included in this ***,prospects for more study in this area are emphasized.

关键词： nanolubricants tribology carbon metal metal oxide hybrid

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Predicting Energy Consumption Using stacked LsTM snapshot Ensemble

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Big Data Mining and Analytics 2024年第2期7卷 247-270页

作者： Mona Ahamd alghamdi Abdullah s.A.L-Malaise al-Ghamdi Mahmoud Ragab Information systems Department Faculty of Computing and Information Technology(FCIT)King Abdulaziz University(KAU)Jeddah 21589Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Information systems Department FCITKAUJeddah 21589Kingdom of Saudi Arabiaand also with School of EngineeringComputing and DesignDar Al-Hekma UniversityJeddah 22246Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Information Technology Department FCITKAUJeddah 21589Kingdom of Saudi Arabiaand also with Mathematics DepartmentFaculty of ScienceAl-Azhar UniversityNaser City 11884Egypt

The ability to make accurate energy predictions while considering all related energy factors.allows production plants,regulatory bodies,and governments to meet energy demand and assess the effects of energy-saving *** energy consumption falls within normal parameters,it will be possible to use the developed model to predict energy consumption and develop improvements and mitigating measures for energy *** objective of this model is to accurately predict energy consumption without data limitations and provide results that are easily *** proposed model is an implementation of the stacked Long short-Term Memory(LsTM)snapshot ensemble combined with the Fast Fourier Transform(FFT)and *** and Berard’s Individual Household Electric-Power Consumption(IHEPC)dataset incorporated with weather data are used to analyse the model’s accuracy with predicting energy *** model is trained,and the results measured using Root Mean square Error(RMsE),Mean Absolute Error(MAE),Mean Absolute Percentage Error(MAPE),and coefficient of determination(R^(2))metrics are 0.020,0.013,0.017,and 0.999,*** stacked LsTM snapshot ensemble performs better than the compared models based on prediction accuracy and minimized *** results of this study show that prediction accuracy is high,and the model’s stability is high as *** model shows that high levels of accuracy prove accurate predictive ability,and together with high levels of stability,the model has good interpretability,which is not typically accounted for in ***,this study shows that it can be inferred.

关键词： energy consumption prediction Artificial Intelligence(AI) Deep Learning(DL) snapshot ensemble

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