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Optimal Islanding for Restoration of Power Distribution Systems Using Prim’s MST algorithm

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2022年第2期8卷 599-608页

作者： Kaka Sanaullah Mingchao Xia Mazhar hussain Sharafat hussain ammar Tahir the School of Electrical Engineering Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 10044China the School of Computer and Information Technology Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 10044China

Power systems can suffer outages,causing complete or partial disconnection of their power supply to load centers within the distribution *** Generation(DG)plays an essential role in power *** can be used as a back-up power source to enhance the resiliency and reliability of a power *** mode operations after outages in an active distributing network(ADN)is an effective way to maintain continuity of the power supply to significant *** is a quite complicated task for power system operators to find the power flow *** studies have primarily used pre-defined guidelines to find feasible power flow paths,and have focused on multiple islands for *** these studies,possible restoration pathfinding with DG was the fundamental weakness,and furthermore,the power of DG was limited to pre-defined boundaries in the form of ***,in this study,a new algorithm has been proposed,which uses the minimum spanning tree(MST)method to find the most feasible *** proposed algorithm starts at any random node(in this case,DG),and progresses by selecting the next node with the least cost(weight),thus considering all the nodes through which power will *** proposed model is formulated as a multiobjective program considering the priority of loads and minimum power *** effectiveness of the proposed model is tested on a modified IEEE69-bus distribution system with the penetration of multiple distributed generation sources at different *** were compared with the strategies found in literature,and the proposed method was found to be feasible and efficient.

关键词： Active distribution network distributed generation islanding multi-objective minimum spanning tree

Generalization of Advanced Encryption Standard Based on Field of Any Characteristic

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第12期73卷 6121-6138页

作者： Nabilah Abughazalah Majid Khan Noor Munir ammar Salanazi Iqtadar hussain Department of Mathematical Sciences College of SciencePrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Department of Applied Mathematics&Statistics Institute of Space TechnologyIslamabadPakistan King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology RiyadhSaudi Arabia Mathematics Program Department of MathematicsStatistics and PhysicsCollege of Arts and SciencesQatar University2713DohaQatar Statistical Consulting Unit College of Arts and ScienceQatar UniversityDohaQatar

Nowadays most communications are done by utilizing digital transmission *** security of this digital information transmitted through different communication systems is quite *** secrecy of digital data is one of the burning topics of the digitally developed *** exist many traditional algorithms in the literature to provide methods for robust *** most important and recent modern block cipher named the advanced encryption standard(AES)is one of the extensively utilized encryption schemes with binary *** is a succession of four fundamental steps:round key,sub-byte,shift row,and mix *** this work,we will provide an innovative methodology for extending the AES in a Galois fieldwith any characteristic *** four steps in the fundamental process with binary characteristics will be adjusted because of the new *** applying double affine transformations,we have enhanced the number of options in our suggested substitution *** reconstruction of the nonlinear confusion component and encryption structure provides robustness in the generalized *** increase in the keyspace due to the Galois field generalization implies that we have improved additional confusion abilities and broadened the current *** implementation of the proposed structure of AES for image,audio,and video encryption will provide high security for secure communication.

关键词： AES generalized AES binary field ternary function

Adaptive Islanding Strategy of Sustainable Distribution System for Post-restoration Failures

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2023年第4期9卷 1517-1531页

作者： Qifang Chen Kaka Sanaullah ammar Tahir Mazhar hussain ali Raza Meer Mingchao Xia the Beijing Jiaotong University 100044Beijing China.

The power system is susceptible to failures,and further interruptions by subsequent outages which may cause extended events in the formed *** of the literature reviewed has focused on island formation after the disconnection of the main grid ***,there is still a need to analyze the post-restoration failures to improve the resilience and minimize the pro-longed disconnection of priority *** current research investigates the behavior of islanding schemes under secondary collapses and provides an adaptive solution to withstand such severities.A new total active critical node finding methodology is presented which eases the rearrangement of the initially formed island when affected by multiple faults or DG *** concept of single islanding with the coordination of multiple DGs is also discussed,in which the DG's power-sharing capacity is not confined to the boundaries of only particular *** economic plan is also proposed to select the controlled type DGs to reduce the overall cost of generation by reducing fuel *** evaluate the network's effectiveness and robustness,the proposed adaptive method is deployed on an updated IEEE 69-bus distribution *** Terms-Active distribution network,distributed generation,multi-objective,post-restoration,single islanding.

关键词： Active distribution network distributed generation multi-objective post-restoration single islanding.

Classification of Nonlinear Confusion Component Using Hybrid Multi-Criteria Decision Making

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第5期36卷 1451-1463页

作者： Nabilah Abughazalah Iqra Ishaque Majid Khan ammar S.alanazi Iqtadar hussain Department of Mathematical Sciences College of SciencePrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Institute of Space TechnologyIslamabadPakistan Department of Mathematics King Abdulaziz UniversityFaculty of ScienceJeddahSaudi Arabia Mathematics Program Department of MathematicsStatistics and PhysicsCollege of Arts and SciencesQatar University2713DohaQatar Statistical Consulting Unit College of Arts and ScienceQatar UniversityDohaQatar

In today’s digital world,the most inevitable challenge is the protection of digital *** to the weak conﬁdentiality preserving techniques,the existing world is facing several digital information *** make our digital data indecipherable to the unauthorized person,a technique forﬁnding a crypto-graphically strong Substitution box(S-box)have *** S-box with sound cryptographic assets such as nonlinearity(NL),strict avalanche criterion(SAC),bit independence criteria(BIC),bit independence criteria of nonlinearity(BIC-NL),Bit independence criteria of Strict avalanche criteria(BIC-SAC),and Input/output XOR is considered as the robust *** Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory(DEMATEL)approach of multi-criteria decision making(MCDM)is proposed forﬁnding the interrelation among cryptographic properties.A combination of two MCDM methods namely Entropy and multi-objective optimization based on ratio analysis(MOORA)is applied for the best S-box selection.A robust substitution box is selected for secure communications in cryptography by using the combination of DEMETal selection criteria,entro-py weight assigning,and MOORA ranking *** combination of these three methods provides a fast selection procedure for the secure confusion *** offered selection method can also be utilized for the choice of the best cryptosystem with highly secure properties and resistive against all possible linear and differential attacks in the cryptanalysis.

关键词： DEMATEL MCDM MOORA nonlinearity S-box

Hep-Pred: Hepatitis C Staging Prediction Using Fine Gaussian SVM

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第10期69卷 191-203页

作者： Taher M.Ghazal Marrium Anam Mohammad Kamrul Hasan Muzammil hussain Muhammad Sajid Farooq Hafiz Muhammad ammar ali Munir Ahmad Tariq Rahim Soomro Center for Cyber Security Faculty of Information Science and TechnologyUniversiti Kebansaan Malaysia(UKM)Bangi43600SelangorMalaysia School of Information Technology Skyline University CollegeUniversity City SharjahSharjah1797UAE Department of Computer Science Government College UniversityFaisalabad38000Pakistan Department of Computer Science School of Systems and TechnologyUniversity of Management and TechnologyLahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science Lahore Garrison UniversityLahore54000Pakistan School of Computer Science National College of Business Administration&EconomicsLahore54000Pakistan CCSIS Institute of Business ManagementKarachi75190SindhPakistan

Hepatitis C is a contagious blood-borne infection,and it is mostly asymptomatic during the initial ***,it is difficult to diagnose and treat patients in the early stages of *** disease’s progression to its last stages makes diagnosis and treatment more *** this study,an AI system based on machine learning algorithms is presented to help healthcare professionals with an early diagnosis of hepatitis *** dataset used for our Hep-Pred model is based on a literature study,and includes the records of 1385 patients infected with the hepatitis C *** in this dataset received treatment dosages for the hepatitis C virus for about 18 months.A former study divided the disease into four main *** stages have proven helpful for doctors to analyze the liver’s *** traditional way to check the staging is the biopsy,which is a painful and time-consuming *** article aims to provide an effective and efficient approach to predict hepatitis C *** this purpose,the proposed technique uses a fine Gaussian SVM learning algorithm,providing 97.9%accurate results.

关键词： Hepatitis C artificial intelligence Hep-Pred support vector machine machine learning hepatitis staging

Do osteoporosis-related vertebral fractures precede hip fractures?

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2012年第12期3卷 235-238页

作者： Mir Sadat-ali Abid hussain Gullenpet Md Quamar Azam ammar K al-Omran Department of Orthopaedic Surgery College of Medicine University of Dammam and King Fahd Hospital of the University Al Khobar 31952 Saudi Arabia Department of Radiology College of Medicine University of Dammam and King Fahd Hospital of the University Al Khobar 31952 Saudi Arabia

AIM:To evaluate the relationship between a vertebral fracture and a hip fracture in Saudi Arabians with ***:In this retrospective study,154 Saudi Arabian patients with osteoporosis-related hip fractures were analyzed for the presence of a vertebral *** were retrieved from the IPAC(Image Picture Archiving and Computing)System,an imaging retrieval system,and were reviewed independently by two of the authors,Abid hussain Gullenpet,and Mir Sadat-ali,and later reviewed *** admitted with proximal hip fracture who were≥50 years and had undergone Thoraco-lumber imaging and a dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DEXA)scan were included in the *** with a history of significant trauma to the spine and those with a malignancy or connective tissue disorder were excluded from the ***:Out of 154 patients with hip fractures,78had a fracture of the femoral neck while 76 had an intertrochanteric hip *** the 111 patients whowere finally included in the study,after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria,76 patients with an average age of 67.28±12 years had no fractures of the ***-five patients with an average age of 76.9±14.5years(31.53%)had a total of 49 vertebral *** with vertebral fractures were significantly older than those without fractures Pal *** analysis showed that 11 males(18.96%)and 24 females(45.28%)had suffered a previous asymptomatic vertebral ***,all women who participated in this study and who presented with a femoral neck fracture had experienced a prior asymptomatic vertebral ***:We recommend that all elderly patients who go to the radiology department for a chest X-ray also have a DEXA scan and a lateral thoracic spine radiograph.

关键词： Fragility fracture Osteoporosis Vertebral fractures Hip fractures Saudi Arabia

A relational perspective on the walking activity in urban spaces:Shaping,transformation,and interrelations

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2023年第3期12卷 496-508页

作者： Ahlam ammar Sharif Architectural Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringThe Hashemite UniversityZarqa 13133Jordan

New walking studies have been concerned with the multiplicity of pedestrian *** consider walking as an activity that unfolds as part of social life,allowing people to create relationships with others,where multiple walking types can be identified depending on these *** contributions,inspired by actor-network theory(ANT),suggest understanding this activity through a networked perspective that associates human and non-human actors,with a focus on their various and dynamic relations between *** focus on stabilized networks,which emphasizes the recurrence of these relations,helps in identifying and extending themultiplicity of walking activity experience and emerging *** this potential,ANT contributions are still *** paper aims to present the ANT potential in unpacking the multiplicity of the walking *** utilizes the case of Dahiyat al hussain park in Jordan and applies an ANT-inspired ethnographic approach to *** uses desk research,in-depth interviews,go-along interviews,and observations to engage with participants’views and *** tracing the recurring relational patterns,the paper identifies three instances when walking practice can be considered as stabilized during network shaping,transformation,and *** stabilizations provide a nuanced perspective into the multiplicity of walking practices.

关键词： Actor-network theory Pedestrian experiences Walking activity Stabilization Multiplicity

Structural Characteristics of Porous Silicon

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Journal of Surface Engineered Materials and Advanced Technology 2014年第2期4卷 105-110页

作者： Qadeer hussain Arifullah Nazir A. Naz ammar Akbar Akbar ali Fedral Urdu University of Arts Science and Technology Islamabad Pakistan Nikon 6th Road Satllite Town Rawalpindi Pakistan Ripha International University Islamabad Pakistan Ripha International University Islamabad Pakistan Fedral Urdu University of Arts Science and Technology Islamabad Pakistan

Silicon wafers (p-type) were etched under continuous flow of HF vapors in a reaction chamber at standard temperature and pressure. Etched surface of the silicon wafer was found emitting red luminescence when exposed to ultra violet (UV) light. XRD and Atomic Force Microscopy of the etched samples were carried out to study the surface of the etched silicon. It is noticed that etching has removed the stress induced atomic layers of silicon at grain boundaries and layer of porous silicon has been formed at the surface of silicon wafer which has higher inter planer distance than the silicon itself. The size of dots observed on the surface of etched silicon is of the order of few nm. The red emission from the surface of etched silicon appears to be due to the energy states induced by quantum confinement.

关键词： PS XRD Electron Confinement

Surface Analysis of Etched Silicon

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Journal of Surface Engineered Materials and Advanced Technology 2014年第2期4卷 98-104页

作者： Arifullah Qadeer hussain Nazir A. Naz ammar Akbar Akbar ali Fedral Urdu University of Arts Science and Technology Islamabad Pakistan Nikon 6th Road Satllite Town Rawalpindi Pakistan Riphah International University Islamabad Pakistan Riphah International University Islamabad Pakistan Fedral Urdu University of Arts Science and Technology Islamabad Pakistan

P-type (100) oriented silicon wafers were etched with vapors of concentrated Hydrofluoric acid in a reaction chamber under continuous vapor-flow at standard temperature and pressure. The surface morphology of the etched samples was examined by scanning electron microscope and pore size analyzer. The radius of the pores and quantum dots were found to be 6 nm and 4 nm respectively. Etched samples emitted red luminescence when exposed to ultra violet (UV) light. The red luminescence emitted by the etched surface has been assigned to energy states induced by quantum confinement of holes.

关键词： Semiconductors PS SEM TG/DTA