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Small molecule inhibitor DDQ-treated hippocampal neuronal cells show improved neurite outgrowth and synaptic branching

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2624-2632页

作者： Jangampalli Adi Pradeepkiran Priyanka rawat Arubala P.Reddy Erika Orlov PHemachandra Reddy Department of Internal Medicine Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockTXUSA Department of Nutritional Sciences College of Human SciencesTexas Tech UniversityLubbockTXUSA Department of Pharmacology&Neuroscience Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockTXUSA Department of Neurology Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockTXUSA Department of Speech Language and Hearing SciencesTexas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockTXUSA Department of Public Health Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockTXUSA

The process of neurite outgrowth and branching is a crucial aspect of neuronal development and *** and dendrites,sometimes referred to as neurites,are extensions of a neuron's cellular body that are used to start *** we explored the effects of diethyl(3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamino)(quinolin-4-yl)methylphosphonate(DDQ)on neurite developmental features in HT22 neuronal *** this work,we examined the protective effects of DDQ on neuronal processes and synaptic outgrowth in differentiated HT22cells expressing mutant Tau(mTau)*** investigate DDQ chara cteristics,cell viability,biochemical,molecular,western blotting,and immunocytochemistry were *** outgrowth is evaluated through the segmentation and measurement of neural *** neural processes can be seen and measured with a fluorescence microscope by manually tracing and measuring the length of the neurite *** neuronal processes can be observed and quantified with a fluorescent microscope by manually tracing and measuring the length of the neuronal ***-treated mTau-HT22 cells(HT22 cells transfected with cDNA mutant Tau)were seen to display increased levels of synaptophysin,MAP-2,andβ-***,we confirmed and noted reduced levels of both total and p-Tau,as well as elevated levels of microtubule-associated protein 2,β-tubulin,synaptophysin,vesicular acetylcholine transporter,and the mitochondrial biogenesis protein-pe roxisome prolife rator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1α.In mTa u-expressed HT22 neurons,we observed DDQ enhanced the neurite characteristics and improved neurite development through increased synaptic *** findings conclude that mTa u-HT22(Alzheimer's disease)cells treated with DDQ have functional neurite developmental chara *** key finding is that,in mTa u-HT22 cells,DDQ preserves neuronal structure and may even enhance nerve development function with mTa u inhibition.

关键词： diethyl(3 4-dihydroxyphenethylamino)(quinolin-4-yl)methylphosphonate(DDQ) hippocampal neuronal cells HT22 neurite outgrowth neuronal development small molecule

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Achieving higher photoabsorption than groupⅢ-Ⅴsemiconductors in ultrafast thin silicon photodetectors with integrated photon-trapping surface structures

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Advanced Photonics Nexus 2023年第5期2卷 33-43页

作者： Wayesh Qarony Ahmed S.Mayet Ekaterina Ponizovskaya Devine Soroush Ghandiparsi Cesar Bartolo-Perez Ahasan Ahamed amita rawat Hasina H.Mamtaz Toshishige Yamada Shih-Yuan Wang M.Saif Islama University of California DavisDepartment of Electrical and Computer EngineeringDavisCaliforniaUnited States W&WSens Devices Inc.Los AltosCaliforniaUnited States University of California Baskin School of EngineeringDepartment of Electrical and Computer EngineeringSanta CruzCaliforniaUnited States

The photosensitivity of silicon is inherently very low in the visible electromagnetic spectrum,and it drops rapidly beyond 800 nm in near-infrared *** have experimentally demonstrated a technique utilizing photon-trapping surface structures to show a prodigious improvement of photoabsorption in 1-μm-thin silicon,surpassing the inherent absorption efficiency of gallium arsenide for a broad *** photon-trapping structures allow the bending of normally incident light by almost 90 deg to transform into laterally propagating modes along the silicon ***,the propagation length of light increases,contributing to more than one order of magnitude improvement in absorption efficiency in *** high-absorption phenomenon is explained by finitedifference time-domain analysis,where we show an enhanced photon density of states while substantially reducing the optical group velocity of light compared to silicon without photon-trapping structures,leading to significantly enhanced light–matter *** simulations also predict an enhanced absorption efficiency of photodetectors designed using 30-and 100-nm silicon thin films that are compatible with CMOS *** a very thin absorption layer,such photon-trapping structures can enable high-efficiency and high-speed photodetectors needed in ultrafast computer networks,data communication,and imaging systems,with the potential to revolutionize on-chip logic and optoelectronic integration.

关键词： photoabsorption photon trapping group-velocity reduction photodetectors silicon photonics

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Froth flotation of refuse coal fines and process optimization using 2D surface plots

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Journal of Central South University 2016年第10期23卷 2520-2525页

作者： Shravan Kumar Veomesh rawat Department of Fuel and Mineral Engineering Indian School of Mines

Refuse coal fines of size <500 μm was collected from a metallurgical coal preparation plant located in the eastern coalfield region of India. The coal was beneficiated using froth flotation technique to recover clean coal with ash content of about 20% with the highest possible yield. Diesel oil as collector and pine oil as frother were used. Box-Behnken statistical design was followed for analyzing the performance at varying pulp density, collector and frother dosage. Results were discussed using 2D surface plots. Response function predictions determined by the regression analysis show coefficient of correlation(R^2) for yield and the ash content as 0.72 and 0.86, respectively. The highest yield of 45.79% is obtained at pulp density 10%, collector dose 2 kg/t and frother dose 1.5 kg/t. The lowest ash content of 18.9% is obtained at pulp density 10%, collector dose 1 kg/t and frother dose 1 kg/t.

关键词： refuse coal froth flotation Box-Behnken 2D RSM

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The Potential Contribution of Wildlife Sanctuary to Forest Conservation: A Case Study from Binsar Wildlife Sanctuary

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Journal of Mountain Science 2013年第5期10卷 854-865页

作者： Balwant rawat Vikram S.NEGI Janhvi MISHRA rawat Lalit M.TEWARI Laxmi rawat G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development Kosi-Katarmal Forest Research Institute DehradunMolecular TaxonomyBotany Division Department of Botany D.S.B. CampusKumaun University Forest Research Institute DehradunForest Ecology and Environment Division

Forest vegetation of a protected area （Binsar Wildlife Sanctuary） in Kumaun region （west Himalaya） was analysed for structure, composition and representativeness across three different altitudinal belts, lower （1,6oo-1,8oo m a.s.1.）, middle （1,900-2,100 m a.s.1.） and upper （2,200-2,400 m a.s.1.） during 2oo9-2011 using standard phytosociological methods. Four aspects （east, west, north and south） in each altitudinal belt were chosen for sampling to depict maximum representation of vegetation in the sanctuary. Population structure and regeneration behaviour was analysed seasonally for two years to show the establishment and growth of tree species. A total of 147 plant species were recorded from the entire region of which 27 tree species were selected for detailed study. Highest number was recorded at upper （18 species）, and lowest at lower altitudinal belt （15 species）. The relative proportion of species richness showed higher contribution of tree layer at each altitudinal belt. The population structure, based on the number of individuals, revealed a greater proportion of seedling layer at each altitudinal belt. The relative proportion of seedlings increases significantly along altitudinal belts （p〈0.05） while opposite trends were observed in sapling and tree layers. The density of sapling and seedling species varied non-significantly across seasons （p〉0.05）. The density values decreased in summer and increased during rainy season. As far as the regeneration status is concerned, middle and upper altitudinal belts showed maximum number of species with fair regeneration as compared to lower altitudinal belt. Overall density diameter distribution of tree species showed highest species density and richness in the smallest girth class and decreased in the succeeding girth classes. This study suggests that patterns of regeneration behaviour would determine future structural and compositional changes in the forest communities. It is suggested that the compositional changes v

关键词： Altitudinal gradient Populationstructure Regeneration status West Himalaya Wildlife Sanctuary.

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Effect of growth on wood traits in seed-raised plantations of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb.

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Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第1期26卷 241-245页

作者： Pramod Pande Laxmi rawat Forest Research Institute

We studied the effect of growth on wood anatomical dimensions and specific gravity of seed-raised plantation wood of Dalbergia sissoo with twelve trees of different diameters and similar ages. Fiber length ranged from 925 to1,287 lm, fiber-diameter was 19–23 lm, wall thickness was4.2–5.4 lm, vessel-element-length was 152–188 lm, vesselelement-diameter was 152–200 lm, and specific gravity was0.59–0.72. Growth parameters including tree height, diameter at breast height, net primary productivity and net ecosystem productivity were significantly and positively *** parameters showed non-significant positive relationships with fiber-length, fiber diameter, wall thickness, vessel element length, and vessel element diameter. The trend of wood traits increased with growth. Specific gravity showed non-significant negative relationships with growth parameters. Although the growth rate had varied relationships with wood properties, as reported by various workers, the wood element dimensions showed no significant relationship with growth parameters and there was little effect of growth rate on wood traits in seed-raised plantation of D. sissoo.

关键词： Fiber dimensions Vessel-element dimensions Specific gravity Growth parameters

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Identification and expression profiling of Vigna mungo microRNAs from leaf small RNA transcriptome by deep sequencing

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2014年第1期56卷 15-23页

作者： Sujay Paul Anirban Kundu amita Pal Division of Plant Biology Bose Institute Center for Genomic Sciences National Autonomous University of Mexico

MicroRNAs （miRNAs） represent a class of small non-coding RNA molecules that play a crucial role in post- transcriptional gene regulation. Several conserved and species-specific miRNAs have been characterized to date, predominantly from the plant species whose genome is well characterized. However, information on the variability of these regulatory RNAs in economically important but genetically less characterized crop species are limited. Vigna mungo is an important grain legume, which is grown primarily for its protein-rich edible seeds, miRNAs from this species have not been identified to date due to lack of genome sequence information. To identify miRNAs from V. mungo, a small RNA library was constructed from young leaves. High- throughput IIlumina sequencing technology and bioinformat- ic analysis of the small RNA reads led to the identification of 66 miRNA loci represented by 45 conserved miRNAs belonging to 19 families and eight non-conserved miRNAs belonging to seven families. Besides, 13 novel miRNA candidates in V. mungo were also identified. Expressior patterns of selected conserved, non-conserved, and nove miRNA candidates have been demonstrated in leaf, stem, ant root tissues by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, ant potential target genes were predicted for most of the conserved miRNAs. This information offers genomic resour ces for better understanding of miRNA mediated post transcriptional gene regulation.

关键词： Illumina microRNA next generation sequencing quantitative polymerase chain reaction target transcript

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Oxidative chemical pretreatment by piranha solution for enhanced methane yield of wheat straw:mechanism and kinetic study

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2023年第3期5卷 351-366页

作者： Nikita Kanaujia Shalu rawat Jiwan Singh Department of Environmental Science Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar UniversityLucknow226025India

The present research work aims to explore the potency of piranha solutions at the best-optimized concentrations,i.e.,40%and 30%to reduce the recalcitrant and heterogeneous structure of wheat straw,and the treated wheat straw was denoted as WS40 and *** effect of pretreatment on wheat straw was determined by anaerobic digestion(AD)in a batch mode,followed by the analysis of soluble chemical oxygen demand(sCOD)and volatile fatty acids(VFAs).After pretreatment,the surface fibers shattered and detached,showing a distorted surface of wheat *** increase in the crystallinity of wheat straw after pretreatment was also observed due to the removal of amorphous cellulose and *** in methane yield was obtained on the 9th day,which was 103±6.92 and 99.33±0.57 mL/d for WS40 and WS30,*** water measurement revealed that the pretreatment of wheat straw minimized the hydrolysis period by 14 *** also improved the methane yield by 2.65(WS40)and 2.45(WS30)fold in comparison with the control which yielded 35.66 mL/d methane on the 23rd *** modified Gompertz model(MGM),logistic function model(LFM)and transference function model(TFM)adequately described the degradation process and explained the kinetic behavior of the cumulative methane *** the three models,MGM was found to fit best for the methane yield of WS40 and WS30.

关键词： Anaerobic digestion Wheat straw Oxidative pretreatment Piranha solution Methane

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Numerical modelling of pullout of helical soil nail

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2017年第4期9卷 648-658页

作者： Saurabh rawat Ashok Kumar Gupta Department of Civil Engineering Jaypee University of Information Technology Waknaghat Solan 173234 India

An investigation into the pullout response of helical soil nail using finite element subroutine Plaxis 2D is *** numerical modelling of actual pullout response is achieved by axisymmetric and horizontal loading *** effect of varying number of helical plates,helical plate spacing and helical plate diameter is studied to understand the pullout capacity *** failure surfaces for various helical soil nail configurations and their pullout mechanisms are also analysed and *** pullout capacity is found to increase with increase in number of helical *** helical plate spacing ratio（s/D;） and diameter ratio（D;/D;） are found to increase the pullout only up to a critical *** response of helical soil nail using axisymmetric finite element simulation is found similar to the uplift behaviour of helical piles and helical soil *** the absence of literature regarding numerical modelling of helical soil nail,simulation results are validated with uplift responses of helical piles and soil anchors.A good agreement in their comparative study for pullout response is also observed.

关键词： Finite element Helical soil nail Pullout response Plate spacing Plate diameter Failure mechanism

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N-policy for M^(x)/G/1 Unreliable Retrial G-Queue with Preemptive Resume and Multi-services

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Journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2016年第4期4卷 437-459页

作者： amita Bhagat Madhu Jain Department of Applied Sciences The Northcap UniversityGurgaon 122017India Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology RoorkeeRoorkee 247667India

Bulk arrival retrial G-queue with impatient customers and multi-servicessubject to server breakdowns has been analyzed. The system allows the arrival oftwo types of customers: positive customers and negative customers in the *** negative customers make the server fail if they find the server in busy state,whereas positive customers are served if the server is idle otherwise they join thevirtual pool of customers called orbit. The customers from the retrial orbit try theirchance again for the service. The customers have the option of obtaining more than oneservice. Moreover, the customers are impatient and may renege from the system withprobability (1−r ). The server is sent for repair as soon as it breakdowns;after repair,the service process starts again. Also, the server has the provision to initiate the servicewhen there areN customers accumulated in the system. Using supplementary variablestechnique and generating functions, various performance measures like reliabilityindices and long run probabilities have been obtained.

关键词： Retrial queue N-policy vacation Negative customers Reneging Bulk arrival Breakdowns Preemptive resume Multi-services

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Multivariable regression model for Fox depth correction factor

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2019年第1期13卷 103-109页

作者： Ravi Kant MITTAL Sanket rawat Piyush BANSAL Department of Civil Engineering Birla Institute of Technology & SciencePilani 333031India Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Virginia TechBlacksburgVA 24061USA

This paper presents a simple and efficient equation for calculating the Fox depth correction factor used in computation of settlement reduction due to foundation *** solution of Boussinesq theory was used originally to develop the Fox depth correction factor equations which were rather complex in *** equations were later simplified in the form of graphs and tables and referred in various international code of practices and standard texts for an unsophisticated and quick ***,these tables and graphs provide the factor only for limited values of the input variables and hence again complicates the process of automation of ***,this paper presents a non-linear regression model for the analysis of effect of embedment developed using "IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences" *** multiple iterations,the value of coefficient of determination is found to reach *** equation is straightforward,competent and easy to use for both manual and automated calculation of the Fox depth correction factor for wide range of input *** the developed equation,parametric study is also conducted in the later part of the paper to analyse the extent of effect of a particular variable on the Fox depth factor.

关键词： settlement embedment Fox depth correction factor regression multivariable

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