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Stretchable and colorless freestanding microwire arrays for transparent solar cells with flexibility

Light(Science & Applications) 2019年第1期8卷 47-59页

作者： Sung Bum Kang Ji-Hwan Kim Myeong Hoon Jeong amit sanger Chan Ul Kim Chil-Min Kim Kyoung Jin Choi Department of Materials Science and Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)Ulsan 44919Republic of Korea Department of Emerging Materials Science Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)Daegu 42988Republic of Korea

Transparent solar cells(TSCs)are emerging devices that combine the advantages of visible transparency and light-toelectricity ***,existing TSCs are based predominantly on organics,dyes,and perovskites;however,the rigidity and color-tinted transparent nature of those devices strongly limit the utility of the resulting TSCs for realworld ***,we demonstrate a flexible,color-neutral,and high-efficiency TSC based on a freestanding form of n-silicon microwires(SiMWs).Flat-tip SiMWs with controllable spacing are fabricated via deep-reactive ion etching and embedded in a freestanding transparent polymer *** light transmittance can be tuned from ~10 to 55% by adjusting the spacing between the *** TSCs,a heterojunction is formed with a p-type polymer in the top portion of the n-type flat-tip *** contact with an indium-doped ZnO film occurs at the bottom,and the side surface has an Al2O3 passivation ***,slanted-tip SiMWs are developed by a novel solventassisted wet etching method to manipulate light ***-difference time-domain simulation revealed that the reflected light from slanted-tip SiMWs helps light-matter interactions in adjacent *** TSC based on the slanted-tip SiMWs demonstrates 8%efficiency at a visible transparency of 10% with *** efficiency is the highest among Si-based TSCs and comparable with that of state-of-the-art neutral-color TSCs based on organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite and ***,unlike others,the stretchable and transparent platform in this study is promising for future TSCs.

关键词： transparent transparency spacing

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Improving the UK Tax Environment——Building Future Success on Solid Foundations

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Belt and Road Initiative Tax Journal 2021年第1期2卷 30-40页

作者： Chris sanger David Snell Ernst&Young LLP

The World Bank Group’s Paying Taxes survey has consistently ranked the UK within the top quintile of global tax *** 2015,the UK embarked on the biggest modernization of its tax administration in a *** programme has delivered major achievements,even while pushing the limits of HMRC’s technology and capacity.A central reform has been the digitalisation of tax administration,known as"Making Tax Digital".The reform process has coincided with two major external events—the UK’s exit from the European Union and the response to COVID-19,requiring HMRC to deliver employment support schemes as well as manage an orderly UK exit from the European *** UK Government is now taking this reform process further and has set out a 10-year *** sees real-time information as being at the core of an effective and modern tax *** wants people and businesses to be able to pay the right tax as they live their lives and go about their business.

关键词： Tax environment Tax administration Making Tax Digital Real-time information UK

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Promoting Economic Recovery Through Taxation

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Belt and Road Initiative Tax Journal 2022年第2期3卷 38-51页

作者： Chris sanger David Snell Tax Policy Ernst&Young LLP London UK

The role of taxation in promoting economic recovery has attracted great-er attention in recent years,with economic dislocation following the Global Financial Crisis and the COVID-19 *** taxation is only one of the factors impacting economic recovery,both economic literature and practical experience show that tax policy can contribute to enhanced growth and therefore greater economic *** instruments used as a means for promoting economic recovery include tax holidays,preferential tax rates,investment allowances,tax credits and special economic ***,there are a range of constraints over tax incentive design imposed by bodies such as the OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework on Base Erosion and Profit Shifting,the Forum on Harmful Tax Practices of the OECD and the Code of Conduct on Business Taxation of the European *** the above,this paper sets out practical issues to inform governments seeking to promote economic activity through taxation.

关键词： Taxation Special economic zones Tax incentives Tax holidays Prefer-ential tax rates Investment allowances Tax credits Growth Investment Policy frame-work Cost-benefit analysis Tax expenditure Effective tax rate Pillar Two OECD Fo-rum on Harmful Tax Practices OECD Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes European Union Code of Conduct Group on Business Taxation Tax policy Tax administration Economic recovery

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Finding Opportunity in Adversity:Tax-focused COVID-19 Support in BRITACOM Members

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Belt and Road Initiative Tax Journal 2020年第1期1卷 63-71页

作者： Chris sanger Rob Thomas Becky Lai Global Government and Risk Tax and Tax Policy Ernst&Young LLPLondonUK Tax Policy Ernst&Young LLP DCUK Greater China Tax Policy Ernst&Young Tax Service Limited Hong KongChina

In this article,we show that,in common with the 2008-2009 global financial crisis,tax administration is already playing and will continue to play an important role in securing a safe and expeditious exit from the COVID-19 crisis,and the lessons learned from globally are crucial for the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)crisis *** look at the types of measures being utilized both globally and by BRITACOM Members’governments,the added burden being placed on tax administrators as a result of the need to oversee new programs and change existing ones,and the potential longer-term effects on tax administration as the world learns to live in what may need to be a"new normal".We conclude that there is an opportunity to use this experience to"build better"as we look beyond the support phase and to the future of tax administration.

关键词： Belt and Road Initiative Tax administration COVID-19 stimulus COVID-19 tax response

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Earthworms: A Source of Protein

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Journal of Food Science and Engineering 2019年第5期9卷 159-170页

作者： Siyun Ding Xiting Lin sanger He Bocom Pharmaceuticals (USA) Corp Thousand Oaks California 91320 USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry California State University- Los Angeles Los Angeles California 90032 USA

Earthworms are important invertebrates that have been widely used as food and traditional medicine sources for thousands of years. Not only have researchers proven that earthworms are rich in proteins and other nutrients, they have also taken a keener interest in their unique pharmaceutical properties. Recent research has successfully discovered some beneficial functional components of earthworms due to the rapid development of biological technologies in the past decades. Therefore, earthworms could be a novel dietary supplement for human consumption. This review aims to summarize the current research about nutritional and therapeutic values of earthworms;and present a matured earthworm-derived product from Bocom Pharmaceuticals (USA) Corp as an example of its incorporation into a dietary supplement.

关键词： Earthworm protein earthworm powder Bocom.

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DNA顺序测定

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生命的化学 1980年第3期 31-39页

作者： F.sanger 英国医学委员会分子生物学研究所

(诺贝尔奖金获得者、英国医学委员会分子生物学研究所 *** 博士1980年3月应我科学院研究生院邀请来我国讲课。4月2日在上海生化所作了题为"DNA 顺序测定"的学术报告,现将报告摘录整理如下)。

关键词：人线粒体 DNA RNA 终止密码无义密码单链噬菌体细胞色素氧化酶密码子

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顺序,顺序和顺序(下)

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世界科学 1989年第8期 47-52+57页

作者： Frederick sanger 郭艺军

歉收年我在1955年完成胰岛素顺序研究工作后,几乎有几年没有取得什么大的成就。我想,在许多人的研究生涯中都会出现类似的情况,它使人沮丧,有时甚至会使理想破灭。我发现,这时最好的矫正方法就是始终向前看.当一个实验完全失败时,最好... 详细信息

歉收年我在1955年完成胰岛素顺序研究工作后,几乎有几年没有取得什么大的成就。我想,在许多人的研究生涯中都会出现类似的情况,它使人沮丧,有时甚至会使理想破灭。我发现,这时最好的矫正方法就是始终向前看.当一个实验完全失败时,最好不要花太多时间去烦恼,而应该继续设计并开始筹备下一个实验。这样,你总是充满信心,富有朝气,不久就会忘记烦恼了。但这种态度有个缺点,就是使写这类文章变得很困难,因为若你总是想着将来,就会忘掉过去发生的事情。

关键词：测序 DNA 甲硫氨酸

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