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Boulder-induced form roughness and skin shear stresses in a gravel-bed stream

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 346-360页

作者： DAS Ratul datta Akash Civil Engineering Department National Institute of Technology AgartalaAgartala-799046India

Boulder spacing in mountain rivers and near-wake flow zones within the boulder array is very useful for fish habitat and growth of aquatic *** present study aims to investigate how the boulder array and spacing influence the near-bed flow structures in a gravel-bed *** are staggered over a gravel-bed stream with three different inter-boulder spacing namely(a)large(b)medium and(c)small *** acoustic Doppler velocimeter was used for flow measurements in a rectangular channel and the results were compared with those acquired from numerical *** time-averaged velocity profiles at the near-wake flow zones of boulders experience maximum flow retardation which is an outcome of the boulder-induced form *** ratio of velocity differences associated to form and skin roughness and its positive magnitude reveals the dominance of form roughness closest to the *** roughness computed is 1.75 to 2 times higher than the skin roughness at the near-wake flow *** particular,the collective immobile boulders placed at different inter-boulder spacings developed high and low bed shear stresses closest to the *** low bed shear stresses characterised by a secondary peak developed at the trough location of the boulders is attributed to the skin shear ***,the spatial averaging of time-averaged flow quantities gives additional impetus to present an improved illustration of fluid shear *** formation of form-induced shear stress is estimated to be 17%to 23%of doubleaveraged Reynolds shear stress and partially compensates for the damping of time-averaged Reynolds shear stress in the interfacial *** quadrant analysis of spatial velocity fluctuations depicts that the form-induced shear stresses are dominant in the interfacial sub-layer and have no significance above the gravel-bed surface.

关键词： Array of boulders Near wake flow zones Velocity distributions Skin roughness Form induced shear stresses

Preserving environmental quality of ecotourism sites through community participation in Purulia District of West Bengal,India

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Regional Sustainability 2024年第3期5卷 111-123页

作者： Piyall CHATTERJEE Soumyendra Kishore datta Department of Economics the University of Burdwan West Bengal734013India

The importance of valuing environmental resources,especially in ecotourism sites,has become increasingly important over the last two *** is now considered as an important source of livelihood of local stakeholders in backward ***,the preservation of ecotourism sites through community participation seems very important to maintain continued flow of *** study aimed at recognizing the importance of community participation for the preservation of ecotourism *** this,this study executed a survey based on non-probability sampling in two ecotourism sites(Garpanchkot and Baranti)covering 100 respondents in Purulia District,West Bengal of *** central issue of this study was to assess the tendency of community participation for the conservation of ecotourism sites and find the optimum condition for offering participatory labour *** study showed that the participation of young people is high,and the majority of respondents are aware of the importance in protecting ecotourism *** respondents were too poor to offer money,the contingent valuation method(CVM)was used to elicit their willingness to pay(WTP)participatory labour time for the conservation of ecotourism ***’age,income,education level,caste,and their perceived environmental quality had significant relationship with their WTP participatory labour time by applying the ordinary least square(OLS)*** was found that the mean WTP participatory labour time of each respondent in a month is approximately 3.64 *** significance of this study is that community participation can improve the sense of belonging,trust,and credibility of ecotourism sites,making them more appreciative of the value and protection of these sites.

关键词： Ecotourism site conservation Community participation Local stakeholders Willingness to pay Participatory labour time Ordinary least square(OLS)model Contingent valuation method(CVM)

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Anemia among Pregnant Women Receiving Antenatal Care (ANC) at Fatima Hospital in Jashore, Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2019年第9期10卷 1056-1071页

作者： Suzon Ahmed Md. Abdullah Al Mamun Niaz Mahmud Nisat Farzana Mosammat Sadia Akther Sathi Biplob Kumar Biswas amit datta Tanvir Ahmad Department of Nutrition and Food Technology Faculty of Applied Science and Technology Jashore University of Science and Technology Jashore Bangladesh

Since anemia is one of the most skyrocketed public health problems worldwide, an investigation has thus been conducted to assess the prevalence and associated factors of anemia among the pregnant women receiving antenatal care (ANC) at Fatima Hospital in Jashore, Bangladesh. Facility-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 384 pregnant women at Fatima hospital, Bangladesh from February to April, 2019. Data were obtained using a structured questionnaire and participant’s current medical record card. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with anemia and a P-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significance. The overall prevalence of anemia among pregnant women was 58.9% (226/384). Out of 226 anemic pregnant mothers, 36.3% (82/226) were mildly anemic, 62.4% (141/226) were moderately anemic and 1.3% (3/384) was severely anemic. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that the following variables were significantly associated with anemia: Monthly family income (11,000 - 20,000 Taka) [AOR (95% CI) = 0.45 (0.21 - 0.98)], Family size (joint) [AOR (95% CI) = 1.59 (1.03 - 2.45)], Gestational age (third trimester) [AOR (95% CI) = 2.18 (1.40 - 3.40)], birth spacing < 2 years [AOR (95% CI) = 2.87 (1.51 - 5.44)], Excessive blood loss during previous surgery (Yes) [AOR (95% CI) = 2.08 (1.14 - 4.17)], Food group eaten 24 hours (1 - 4 groups) [AOR (95% CI) = 3.43 (1.84 - 6.39)], Breakfast regularly (No) [AOR (95% CI) = 3.64 (1.36 - 9.75)]. The results obtained showed that the prevalence of anemia among pregnant women is severe at Fatima Hospital in Jashore, Bangladesh.

关键词： Anemia Antenatal Care (ANC) Socio-Demographic Characteristics Maternal Characteristics Dietary Characteristics Nutritional Characteristics

How Does the Blue C Stock Vary in Restored and Degraded Wetlands Across Land Cover Mosaics? Evidences from Medinipur Coastal Plain, India

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2024年第4期15卷 898-908页

作者： Mansa DEY Mrinmoyee NASKAR Sohini NEOGY Debajit datta Landscape Ecology Laboratory Department of GeographyJadavpur UniversityKolkata 700032India Department of Geography Baruipur CollegeBaruipur 743610India Department of Geography Banwarilal Bhalotia CollegeAsansol 713303India

Coastal wetlands are of paramount importance as major reservoirs of blue carbon(C),playing a crucial role in providing nature-based solutions to mitigate climatic *** research aimed to analyse the dynamics of total blue C(TBC)and its components;*** organic C(SOC),below ground C,and above ground C;as well how they are influenced by land use/land cover(LULC)categories and wetland ***,study were identified as one restored wetland and another degraded wetland in the Medinipur Coastal Plain,*** LULC categories were analyzed using Pleiades 1A and 1B satellite imagery,corresponding to the restored and degraded wetland,*** quantification of SOC was based on point-specific sample data collected from both wetlands(nr=250;nd=84).Above ground biomass(AGB)was appraised employing allometric relationships involving field-measured dendrometric *** ground biomass values were calculated using indirect allometric equations that take into account the AGB *** all the components,TBC stock of the restored and degraded wetlands were estimated at 246710.91 Mg and 7865.49 Mg,*** the restored wetland,dense mangrove and open mangrove exhibited higher concentrations of blue C components,while other LULC categories demonstrated moderate to low *** the degraded wetland,the open mangrove category rechigh densities of C pools,whereas herbaceous vegetation,bare earth and sand,and waterbody exhibited lower *** results portrayed significant disparities(P<0.05)in blue C pools among different LULC categories in both ***,it was evident that wetland type and LULC category had notable(P<0.001)impacts on TBC dynamics,both individually and in ***,this research may aid in effective management of coastal wetlands as blue C sinks,emphasizing their significance as essential elements of climate mitigation strategies.

关键词： blue C pools coastal wetland dendrometric variable landscape transformation mangrove plantation wetland restoration

Evolution of tectonic landscapes and deformation in the southeast Kumaun and western Nepal Himalaya

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第8期21卷 2592-2617页

作者： Khayingshing LUIREI Girish Ch.KOTHYARI Param K GAUTAM Ambar SOLANKI Atul Kumar PATIDAR Sentisenla JAMIR Anirudh datta Tanupriya CHOUDHURY Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology Dehradun 248001India Department of Petroleum Engineering and Earth Sciences University of Petroleum and Energy StudiesDehradun248007India Department of Geology Nagaland UniversityKohima 797004India Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research Ghaziabad 201002India CSE Department Graphic Era deemed to be UniversityDehradun 248002India CSE Department Symbiosis Institute of TechnologySymbiosis International(Deemed University)Pune 412114India

The area of the present investigation’s expanse constitutes the southernmost extent of the southeast Kumaun Himalaya and western Nepal *** approaches have been employed to understand the landforms associated with tectonic deformation,through detailed field investigation supplemented by the geodetic,chronological,and morphometric *** morphogenic expressions of the Main Boundary Thrust(MBT)are reflected in the form of~25 km long E-W trending north dipping fault *** deformation along the strike length of the Himalayan Frontal Thrust(HFT)is noticed in the form of uplifted and incised fill terraces,and strath *** deformation within the fluvial sequences in the study area can be visualized in the form of sheared boulders and pebbles,tilted and faulted terrace ***,the chronological data of fluvial landforms in the study area suggests two major phases of tectonic deformations that have occurred around 58.7±10.8 ka and 3.88±0.4 *** chronology of late-Quaternary landforms advocates that the initial stage of aggradations in the Himalayan foothills commenced around 75.1±0.58 *** aggradational landforms resulted from the diverse depositional regime as evident from the nature of the sediment sequences from clasts dominated to thick mud *** rate of deformation in the southeastern Kumaun and western Nepal Himalaya is±7 mm/yr,as per the data obtained from the Persistent Scatterer Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar(PSInSAR).The landform deformation pattern,phase of incision and aggradation,frequent occurrence of landslides,and recent past earthquake activity within the wide zone of the HFT,the MBT,and Ramgarh Thrust suggests that the southernmost front of the Kumaun Himalaya is active and has potential for future *** foothill zone of Himalayan towns are actively growing in terms of population and infrastructural ***,such intradisciplinary studies for tectonically active r

关键词： MBT HFT Fault trace Quaternary deposits sheared boulders

Evaluation of AVNRT & AVRT by Different Criteria: Old & New

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2024年第7期14卷 95-106页

作者： Abdul Hamid Tahmina Alam Sonali Rizwan Rehan Pijous Biswas Subas Caandro datta Asif Zaman Department of Cardiology Chattagram Medical College Hospital Chattagram Bangladesh Chattagram Medical College Hospital Chattagram Bangladesh Department of Cardiology National Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Cardiology Bangamata Sheikh Fozilatunnesa Mujib General Hospital Sirajganj Bangladesh Department of Cardiology Evercare Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh

The two most frequent causes of paroxysmal SVT are atrioventricular tachycardia (AVRT) and atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia (AVNRT). The purpose of this study was to assess the diagnostic efficacy of traditional and newly proposed ECG criteria in the identification of Avnrt and Avrt. Aim of the Study: The aim of this study was to evaluate Atrioventricular Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia (AVNRT) and Atrioventricular Re-entrant Tachycardia (AVRT) using both traditional and novel criteria. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at the Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD) in Dhaka, from February 2019 to January 2020. A total of 62 patients with Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT) undergoing electrophysiology study (EPS) were included. Standard ECG criteria were applied for the differential diagnosis, and electrophysiological diagnoses were made using established criteria. Statistical analysis, including descriptive statistics and appropriate tests, was performed using SPSS 23.0. Result: In our study of 62 patients with Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT), we found that 66.1% had AVNRT and 33.9% had AVRT. The mean age in AVNRT was higher than AVRT (41.3 ± 9.7 vs. 38.5 ± 14.3, p = 0.36) with statistically no significant difference, with similar gender distribution between AVNRT and AVRT groups. Classical AVNRT criteria were present in 30.6% of patients, and 45.2% showed a Pseudo R' wave in aVR. Additionally, 30.6% had an RP interval ≥100ms, more prevalent in AVRT patients (66.7%). Conclusion: Integrating traditional and novel criteria, including lead aVR analysis, enhances the electrocardiographic diagnosis of AVNRT and AVRT, offering a pathway to refined patient care.

关键词： SVT (Supraventricular Tachycardia) AVNRT (Atrioventricular Nodal Re-Entrant Tachycardia) AVRT (Atrioventricular Re-Entrant Tachycardia) ECG Criteria Electrophysiology

Anisotropy Properties of Tissues: A Basis for Fabrication of Biomimetic Anisotropic Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2019年第5期16卷 842-868页

作者： Pallab datta Veena Vyas Santanu Dhara amit Roy Chowdhury Ananya Barui Centre for Healthcare Science and Technology Indian Institute Engineering Science and Technology ShibpurHowrahWest Bengal 711103India School of Medical Science and Technology Indian Institute of Technology KharagpurWest Bengal 721302India Department of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics Indian Institute Engineering Science and Technology ShibpurHowrahWest Bengal 711103India

Tissue engineering has been a subject of extensive scientific exploration in the last two decades making gradual inroads into clinical studies as *** with regenerative cells and growth factors,biomaterial scaffolds are integral to the development of a tissue engi neered *** is now appreciated that scaffolds should mimic the target tissue properties intimately in order to provide a micro-environment milieu that allows the seeded cells to differentiate into the desired *** from a structural viewpoint,mismatch between scaffold and native matrix properties can cause cell necrosis through mechanisms such as stress *** of the key prop erties of most body tissues is that they exhib社***,most fabrication methods generate isotropic scaffolds and require specific modifications to produce anisotropic *** the last decade,the advent of additive manufacturing and bioprinting has provided facile tools to fabricate scaffolds with desired *** the other hand,a biomimetic scaffold can be designed only when target tissue anisotropy is well known to the tissue *** review presents an overview of the anisotropic properties of different tissues,which will be critical for developing biomimetic engineered *** traditional anatomical records do not adequately present these properties from the perspective of designing tissue engineering ***,present state-of-the art in devel opment of anisotropic scaffolds as well as tissue constructs using different conventional and emerging fabrication techniques is *** is expected that the readers will obtain a comprehensive reference on the research area by examining these two aspects juxtaposed to each other and gain key trends for fabrication of anisotropic scaffolds,plausibly with improved regenerative outcomes.

关键词： biomimetics scaffolds tissue engineering anisotropy electrospinning bioprinting

Is it necessary to stop glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists prior to endoscopic procedure? A retrospective study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第26期30卷 3221-3228页

作者： Haider Ghazanfar Nismat Javed Abeer Qasim Franklin Sosa Faryal Altaf Shazia Khan Jaydeep Mahasamudram Abhilasha Jyala Sameer datta Kandhi Dongmin Shin Nikhitha Mantri Haozhe Sun Siddarth Hanumanthu Harish Patel Jasbir Makker Bhavna Balar Anil Dev Sridhar Chilimuri Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineBronxCare Health SystemIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiBronxNY 10457United States Department of Internal Medicine BronxCare Health SystemIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiBronxNY 10457United States

BACKGROUND Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists(GLP-1 RA)are effective in diabetes and obesity,reducing hyperglycemia by increasing insulin release and delaying gastric ***,they can cause gastroparesis,raising concerns about aspiration during *** guidelines advise discontinuing GLP-1 RA before surgery to reduce the risk of pulmonary *** To evaluate the effect of GLP-1 RAs on gastric residual contents during endosco-pic *** A retrospective chart review at BronxCare Health System,New York,from January 2019 to October 2023,assessed gastric residue and aspiration in GLP-1 RA patients undergoing endoscopic *** groups were compared based on dietary status before the *** included demographics,symptoms of gastroparesis,opiate use,hemoglobin A1c,GLP-1 agonist indication,endo-scopic details,and aspiration *** SPSS was used for analysis,cal-culating means,standard deviations,and applying Pearson’s chi-square and t-tests for associations,with P<0.05 as being *** During the study,306 patients were included,with 41.2%on a clear liquid/low residue diet and 58.8%on a regular diet before *** patients(63.1%)were male,with a mean age of 60±12 *** majority(85.6%)were on GLP-1 RAs for diabetes,and 10.1%reported digestive symptoms before *** those on a clear liquid diet,1.5%had residual food at endoscopy compared to 10%on a regular diet,which was statistically significant(P=0.03).Out of 31 patients with digestive symptoms,13%had residual food,all from the regular diet group(P=0.130).No complications were reported during or after the *** The study reflects a significant rise in GLP-1 RA use for diabetes and obesity.A 24-hour liquid diet seems safe for endoscopic procedures without *** with upper gastrointestinal symptoms might have a higher residual food risk,though not statistically *** research is needed

关键词： Glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists Gastroparesis Endoscopic procedures Residual food Complications

Bioprinting of radiopaque constructs for tissue engineering and understanding degradation behavior by use of Micro-CT

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Bioactive Materials 2020年第3期5卷 569-576页

作者： Sudipto datta Shuvodeep Jana Ankita Das Arindam Chakraborty amit Roy Chowdhury Pallab datta Centre for Healthcare Science and Technology Indian Institute of Engineering Science and TechnologyShibpurHowrah711103WBIndia Department of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics Indian Institute of Engineering Science and TechnologyShibpurHowrah711103WBIndia Indian Institute of Technology KharagpurWest BengalIndia

Bioprinting has emerged as a potential technique to fabricate tissue engineering constructs and in vitro models directly using living cells as a raw material for fabrication,conforming to the heterogeneity and architectural complexity of the *** several of tissue engineering and in vitro disease modelling or surgical planning applications,it is desirable to have radiopaque constructs for monitoring and *** the present work,enhanced radiopaque constructs are generated by substituting Calcium ions with Barium ions for crosslinking of alginate *** constructs are characterized for their structural integrity and followed by cell culture studies to evaluate their *** was followed by the radiopacity *** radiological images obtained by micro-CT technique was further applied to investigate the degradation behavior of the *** conclusion,it is observed that barium crosslinking can provide a convenient means to obtain radiopaque constructs with potential for multi-faceted applications.

关键词： Bioprinting Radiopaque Barium Degradation Cell viability