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Reinforcement Learning-Based Optimization for Drone Mobility in 5G and Beyond Ultra-Dense Networks

Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第9期68卷 3807-3823页

作者： Jawad Tanveer amir haider Rashid Ali Ajung Kim School of Optical Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea School of Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea

Drone applications in 5th generation(5G)networks mainly focus on services and use cases such as providing connectivity during crowded events,human-instigated disasters,unmanned aerial vehicle traffic management,internet of things in the sky,and situation awareness.4G and 5G cellular networks face various challenges to ensure dynamic control and safe mobility of the drone when it is tasked with delivering these *** drone can fly in three-dimensional *** drone connectivity can suffer from increased handover cost due to several reasons,including variations in the received signal strength indicator,co-channel interference offered to the drone by neighboring cells,and abrupt drop in lobe edge signals due to antenna *** baseline greedy handover algorithm only ensures the strongest connection between the drone and small cells so that the drone may experience several *** for fast environment learning,machine learning techniques such as Q-learning help the drone fly with minimum handover cost along with robust *** this study,we propose a Q-learning-based approach evaluated in three different *** handover decision is optimized gradually using Q-learning to provide efficient mobility support with high data rate in time-sensitive applications,tactile internet,and haptics *** results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can effectively minimize the handover cost in a learning *** work presents a notable contribution to determine the optimal route of drones for researchers who are exploring UAV use cases in cellular networks where a large testing site comprised of several cells with multiple UAVs is under consideration.

关键词： 5G dense network small cells mobility management reinforcement learning performance evaluation handover management

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Multi-Gigabit CO-OFDM System over SMF and MMF Links for 5G URLLC Backhaul Network

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第5期67卷 1747-1758页

作者： amir haider MuhibUr Rahman Tayyaba Khan Muhammad Tabish Niaz Hyung Seok Kim Department of Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea Department of Electrical Engineering Polytechnique MontrealMontrealCanada Department of Telecommunication Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyTaxila47050Pakistan

The 5G cellular network aims at providing three major services:Massive machine-type communication(mMTC),ultra-reliable low-latency communications(URLLC),and enhanced-mobile-broadband(eMBB).Among these services,the URLLC and eMBB require strict end-to-end latency of 1 ms while maintaining 99.999%reliability,and availability of extremely high data rates for the users,*** of the critical challenges in meeting these requirements is to upgrade the existing optical fiber backhaul network interconnecting the base stations with a multigigabit capacity,low latency and very high reliability *** address this issue,we have numerically analyzed 100 Gbit/s coherent optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(CO-OFDM)transmission performance over 400 km single-mode fiber(SMF)and 100 km of multi-mode fiber(MMF)*** system is simulated over optically repeated and non-repeated SMF and MMF *** transmission is used,and the system is analyzed in a linear and non-linear *** system performance is quantified by bit error ratio(BER).Spectrally efficient and optimal transmission performance is achieved for 400 km SMF and 100 km MMF *** results designate thatMMF links can be employed beyond short reach applications by using them in the existing SMF infrastructure for long haul *** particular,the proposed CO-OFDM system can be efficiently employed in 5G backhaul *** multi-gigabit capacity and lower BER of the proposed system makes it a suitable candidate especially for the eMBB and URLLC requirements for 5G backhaul network.

关键词： CO-OFDM coherent transmission spectrally efficient optical communication optical networks dispersion eMBB URLLC 5G backhaul

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Quintuple Band Antenna for Wireless Applications with Small Form Factor

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第3期66卷 2241-2251页

作者： amir haider Tayyaba Khan MuhibUr Rahman Byung Moo Lee Hyung Seok Kim Department of Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea Department of Telecommunication Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyTaxila47050Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering Polytechnique MontrealMontrealQC H3T 1J4Canada

A coplanar waveguide-fed quintuple band antenna with a slotted circular-shaped radiator for wireless applications with a high isolation between adjacent bands is presented in this *** proposed antenna resonates at multiple frequencies with corresponding center frequencies of 2.35,4.92,5.75,6.52,and 8.46 *** intended functionality is achieved by introducing a circular disc radiator with five slots and a U-shaped slot in the *** proposed antenna exhibits coverage of the maximum set of wireless applications,such as satellite communication,worldwide interoperability for microwave access,wireless local area network(WLAN),long-distance radio telecommunications,and X-band/Satcom wireless *** simulation and measurement results of the proposed fabricated antenna demonstrate the high isolation between adjacent bands.A stable realized gain with an advantageous radiation pattern is achieved at the operating frequency *** proposed simple design,compact structure,and simple feeding technique make this antenna suitable for integration in several wireless communication applications,where the portability of devices is a significant *** proposed antenna is anticipated to be an appropriate candidate for WLAN,long-term evolution,and fifth-generation mobile communication because of its multi-operational bands and compact size for handheld devices.

关键词： Coplanar waveguide isolated adjacent bands satellite WiMAX WLAN 5G communication

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A Real-Time Sequential Deep Extreme Learning Machine Cybersecurity Intrusion Detection System

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第2期66卷 1785-1798页

作者： amir haider Muhammad Adnan Khan Abdur Rehman Muhib Ur Rahman Hyung Seok Kim Department of Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea Department of Computer Science Lahore Garrison UniversityLahore54000Pakistan School of Computer Science National College of Business Administration&EconomicsLahore54000Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering Polytechnique MontrealMontrealQC H3T 1J4Canada

In recent years,cybersecurity has attracted significant interest due to the rapid growth of the Internet of Things(IoT)and the widespread development of computer infrastructure and *** is thus becoming particularly necessary to identify cyber-attacks or irregularities in the system and develop an efficient intrusion detection framework that is integral to *** have worked on developing intrusion detection models that depend on machine learning(ML)methods to address these security *** intelligent intrusion detection device powered by data can exploit artificial intelligence(AI),and especially ML,***,we propose in this article an intrusion detection model based on a Real-Time Sequential Deep Extreme Learning Machine Cybersecurity Intrusion Detection System(RTS-DELM-CSIDS)security *** proposed model initially determines the rating of security aspects contributing to their significance and then develops a comprehensive intrusion detection framework focused on the essential ***,we investigated the feasibility of our proposed RTS-DELM-CSIDS framework by performing dataset evaluations and calculating accuracy parameters to *** experimental findings demonstrate that the RTS-DELM-CSIDS framework outperforms conventional ***,the proposed approach has not only research significance but also practical significance.

关键词： Security DELM intrusion detection system machine learning

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Frequency-Agile WLAN Notch UWB Antenna for URLLC Applications

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第5期67卷 2243-2254页

作者： amir haider MuhibUr Rahman Hamza Ahmad Mahdi NaghshvarianJahromi Muhammad Tabish Niaz Hyung Seok Kim Department of Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea Department of Electrical Engineering Polytechnique MontrealMontrealQC H3T 1J4Canada Department of Electrical Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyMardan23200Pakistan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering McMaster UniversityHamilton ONL8S 4L8Canada

This paper introduces a compact dual notched UWB antenna with an independently controllable WLAN notched band integrated with fixed WiMAX *** proposed antenna utilizes a slot resonator placed in the main radiator of the antenna for fixed WiMAX band notch,while an inverted L-shaped resonator in the partial ground plane for achieving frequency agility within WLAN notched *** inverted L-shaped resonator is also loaded with fixed and variable capacitors to control and adjust the WLAN *** WLAN notched band can be controlled independently with a wide range of tunability without disturbing the WiMAX bandnotch *** by step design approach of the proposed antenna is discussed and the corresponding mathematical analysis of the proposed resonators are provided in both *** of the proposed antenna is performed utilizing commercially available 3D-EM simulator,Ansoft High Frequency Structure Simulator(HFSS).The proposed antenna has high selectivity with experimental validation in terms of reflection coefficient,radiation characteristics,antenna gain,and percentage radiation *** corresponding measured frequency response of the input port corresponds quite well with the calculations and simulations in both *** proposed antenna is advantageous and can adjust according to the device requirements and be one of the attractive candidates for overlay cognitive radio UWB applications and URLLC service in 5G tactile *** proposed multifunctional antenna can also be used for wireless vital signs monitoring,sensing applications,and microwave imaging techniques.

关键词： WiMAX UWB lower and upper WLAN single/dual notch behavior independent controlling notched behavior tunable band-notch behavior overlay cognitive radio applications frequency-agile WLAN notched antennas 5G URLLC tactile internet

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Sign Language to Sentence Formation:A Real Time Solution for Deaf People

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第8期72卷 2501-2519页

作者： Muhammad Sanaullah Muhammad Kashif Babar Ahmad Tauqeer Safdar Mehdi Hassan Mohd Hilmi Hasan amir haider Bahauddin Zakariya University Department of Computer ScienceMultan60000Pakistan Air University Department of Computer ScienceMultan60000Pakistan Air University Department of Computer ScienceIslamabad44000Pakistan Centre for Research in Data Science Department of Computer and Information SciencesUniversiti Teknologi PETRONASSeri Iskandar32610PerakMalaysia Department of Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea

Communication is a basic need of every human being to exchange thoughts and interact with the *** peoples usually confab through different spoken languages,whereas deaf people cannot do ***,the Sign Language(SL)is the communication medium of such people for their conversation and interaction with the *** SL is expressed in terms of specific gesture for every word and a gesture is consisted in a sequence of performed *** acute people normally observe these signs to understand the difference between single and multiple gestures for singular and plural words *** signs for singular words such as I,eat,drink,home are unalike the plural words as school,cars,players.A special training is required to gain the sufficient knowledge and practice so that people can differentiate and understand every gesture/sign *** researches have been performed to articulate the computer-based solution to understand the single gesture with the help of a single hand *** complete understanding of such communications are possible only with the help of this differentiation of gestures in computer-based solution of SL to cope with the real world ***,there is still a demand for specific environment to automate such a communication solution to interact with such type of special *** research focuses on facilitating the deaf community by capturing the gestures in video format and then mapping and differentiating as single or multiple gestures used in ***,these are converted into the respective words/sentences within a reasonable *** provide a real time solution for the deaf people to communicate and interact with the society.

关键词： Sign language machine learning conventional neural network image processing deaf community

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Intelligent Breast Cancer Prediction Empowered with Fusion and Deep Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第4期67卷 1033-1049页

作者： Shahan Yamin Siddiqui Iftikhar Naseer Muhammad Adnan Khan Muhammad Faheem Mushtaq Rizwan Ali Naqvi Dildar Hussain amir haider School of Computer Science National College of Business Administration and EconomicsLahore54000Pakistan School of Computer Science Minhaj University LahoreLahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science&Information Technology Superior UniversityLahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science Faculty of ComputingRiphah International UniversityLahore CampusLahore54000Pakistan Department of Information Technology Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information TechnologyRahim Yar Khan64200Pakistan Department of Unmanned Vehicle Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea School of Computational Sciences Korea Institute for Advanced Study(KIAS)85 HoegiroDongdaemunguSeoul02455Korea Department of Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea

Breast cancer is the most frequently detected tumor that eventually could result in a significant increase in female mortality *** to clinical statistics,one woman out of eight is under the threat of breast *** and inheritance patterns may be a reason behind its spread among ***,some preventive measures,such as tests and periodic clinical checks can mitigate its risk thereby,improving its survival chances *** diagnosis and initial stage treatment can help increase the survival *** that purpose,pathologists can gather support from nondestructive and efficient computer-aided diagnosis(CAD)*** study explores the breast cancer CAD method relying on multimodal medical imaging and decision-based *** multimodal medical imaging fusion,a deep learning approach is applied,obtaining 97.5%accuracy with a 2.5%miss rate for breast cancer prediction.A deep extreme learning machine technique applied on feature-based data provided a 97.41%***,decisionbased fusion applied to both breast cancer prediction models to diagnose its stages,resulted in an overall accuracy of 97.97%.The proposed system model provides more accurate results compared with other state-of-the-art approaches,rapidly diagnosing breast cancer to decrease its mortality rate.

关键词： Fusion feature breast cancer prediction deep learning convolutional neural network multi-modal medical image fusion decision-based fusion

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