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The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction: Renewing the Global Commitment to People’s Resilience, Health,and Well-being

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2015年第2期6卷 164-176页

作者： amina aitsi-selmi Shinichi Egawa Hiroyuki Sasaki Chadia Wannous Virginia Murray Public Health Strategy Division Public Health England Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health University College London Division of International Cooperation for Disaster Medicine International Research Institute of Disaster Science(IRIDeS)Tohoku University The United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction(UNISDR) The United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction(UNISDR)Scientific and Technical Advisory Group

The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030(SFDRR) is the first global policy framework of the United Nations’ post-2015 agenda. It represents a step in the direction of global policy coherence with explicit reference to health, development, and climate change. To develop SFDRR, the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction(UNISDR) organized and facilitated several global, regional, national, and intergovernmental negotiations and technical meetings in the period preceding the World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction(WCDRR) 2015 where SFDRR was adopted. UNISDR also worked with representatives of governments, UN agencies, and scientists to develop targets and indicators for SFDRR and proposed them to member states for negotiation and adoption as measures of progress and achievement in protecting lives and livelihoods. The multiple efforts of the health community in the policy development process, including campaigning for safe schools and hospitals, helped to put people’s mental and physicalhealth, resilience, and well-being higher up the disaster risk reduction(DRR) agenda compared with the Hyogo Framework for Action 2005–2015. This article reviews the historical and contemporary policy development process that led to the SFDRR with particular reference to the development of the health theme.

关键词： Disaster risk reduction Global health Health policy Public health Safe hospitals

Global Community of Disaster Risk Reduction Scientists and Decision Makers Endorse a Science and Technology Partnership to Support the Implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2016年第1期7卷 108-109页

作者： Chloe Dickinson amina aitsi-selmi Pedro Basabe Chadia Wannous Virginia Murray Public Health England United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction the UNISDR Science and Technology Conference on the Implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 the UNISDR Scientific and Technical Advisory Group(STAG)

At the first gathering of its kind on the role of science in implementing the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030,over 750 scientists,policymakers,business people,and practitioners met in Geneva from January 27–29,*** UNISDR Science and Technology Conference on the Implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 fea-

关键词： work Global Community of Disaster Risk Reduction Scientists and Decision Makers Endorse a Science and Technology Partnership to Support the Implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015

Reflections on a Science and Technology Agenda for 21st Century Disaster Risk Reduction Based on the Scientific Content of the 2016 UNISDR Science and Technology Conference on the Implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–203

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2016年第1期7卷 1-29页

作者： amina aitsi-selmi Virginia Murray Chadia Wannous Chloe Dickinson David Johnston Akiyuki Kawasaki Anne-Sophie Stevance Tiffany Yeung Public Health England the UNISDR Science and Technology Conference on the Implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 the UNISDR Scientific and Technical Advisory Group(STAG) United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction Joint Centre for Disaster Research GNS Science/Massey University University of Tokyo International Council for Science Hong Kong Jockey Club Disaster Preparedness and Response Institute Overseas Training Fellow

The first international conference for the post-2015 United Nations landmark agreements(Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030, Sustainable Development Goals, and Paris Agreement on Climate Change) was held in January 2016 to discuss the role of science and technology in implementing the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030. The UNISDR Science and Technology Conference on the Implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 aimed to discuss and endorse plans that maximize science's contribution to reducing disaster risks and losses in the coming 15 years and bring together the diversity of stakeholders producing and using disaster risk reduction(DRR) science and technology. This article describes the evolution of the role of science and technology in the policy process building up to the Sendai Framework adoption that resulted in an unprecedented emphasis on science in the text agreed on by 187 United Nations member states in March 2015 and endorsed by the United Nations General Assembly in June 2015. Contributions assembled by the Conference Organizing Committee and teams including the conference concept notes and the conference discussions that involved a broad range of scientists and decision makers are summarized in this article. The conference emphasized how partnerships and networks can advance multidisciplinary research and bring together science, policy, and practice; how disaster risk is understood, and how risks are assessed and early warning systems are designed; what data, standards, and innovative practices would be needed to measure and report on risk reduction; what research and capacity gaps exist and how difficulties in creating and using science for effective DRR can be overcome. The Science and Technology Conference achieved two main outcomes:(1) initiating the UNISDR Science and Technology Partnership for the implementation of the Sendai Framework; and(2) generating discussion and agre

关键词： Disaster risk reduction Sendai Framework implementation Science and Technology Conference Science-policy interface

Trajectory Big Data Processing Based on Frequent Activity

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2019年第3期24卷 317-332页

作者： amina Belhassena Hongzhi Wang School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology

With the rapid development and wide use of Global Positioning System in technology tools, such as smart phones and touch pads, many people share their personal experience through their trajectories while visiting places of interest. Therefore, trajectory query processing has emerged in recent years to help users find their best trajectories. However, with the huge amount of trajectory points and text descriptions, such as the activities practiced by users at these points, organizing these data in the index becomes tedious. Therefore, the parallel method becomes indispensable. In this paper, we have investigated the problem of distributed trajectory query processing based on the distance and frequent activities. The query is specified by start and final points in the trajectory, the distance threshold, and a set of frequent activities involved in the point of interest of the *** a result, the query returns the shortest trajectory including the most frequent activities with high support and high confidence. To simplify the query processing, we have implemented the Distributed Mining Trajectory R-Tree index(DMTR-Tree). For this method, we initially managed the large trajectory dataset in distributed R-Tree ***, for each index, we applied the frequent itemset Apriori algorithm for each point to select the frequent activity set. For the faster computation of the above algorithms, we utilized the cluster computing framework of Apache Spark with MapReduce as the programing model. The experimental results show that the DMTR-Tree index and the query-processing algorithm are efficient and can achieve the scalability.

关键词： distributed R-tree trajectory frequent activity query

Detention basins as best management practices for water quality control in an arid region

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Water Science and Engineering 2014年第2期7卷 155-167页

作者： amina R. LODHI Kumud ACHARYA Division of Hydrologic Sciences Desert Research Institute

Flood control detention basins （DBs） can act as water quality control structures or best management practices （BMPs）. A key pollutant that DBs serve to settle out is particulate phosphorus, which adsorbs onto sediment. This study examines the sediment phosphorus concentration and its relationship with the particle size of sediment microcosms from pre- and post-rain event samples obtained from six DBs located in Clark County, Nevada. DBs were allotted a land use classification to determine if there was a correlation between the sediment phosphorus concentration and surrounding land use. The curve number method was used to calculate the runoff and subsequent phosphorus carried into the DB by the runoff. Our data show sediment phosphorus concentrations to he highest in soils from undeveloped areas. Runoff amount also plays a substantial role in determining the amount of phosphorus brought into the DB by sediment. This research has implications for improvement of water quality in arid regions.

关键词： detention basin soil contamination runoff calculation water quality control,"phosphorus Las Vegas Valley Watershed

A Multi-server Queue in a Multi-phase Random Environment with Waiting Servers and Customers'Impatience Under Synchronous Working Vacation Policy

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Journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2023年第3期11卷 459-487页

作者： Meriem Houalef amina Angelika Bouchentouf Lahcene Yahiaoui Mathematics Laboratory University of Sidi Bel AbbesEcole Supérieure En Sciences AppliquéesTlemcen13000Algeria Mathematics Laboratory Djillali Liabes University of Sidi Bel AbbesSidi Bel Abbes22000Algeria Laboratory of Stochastic Models Statistic and ApplicationsUniversity of Saida-Dr.Moulay TaharB.P.138En-NasrSaidaAlgeria

In this paper,we develop an M/M/c queueing system in a Markovian environment with waiting servers,balking and reneging,under both synchronous single and multiple working vacation *** the system is in operative phase j,j=1,K¯,customers are served one by *** the system is empty,the servers have to wait a random period of time before leaving,causing the system to move to vacation phase 0 at which new arrivals can be served at lower *** the method of the probability generating functions,we establish the steady-state analysis of the *** cases of the queueing model are ***,explicit expressions of the useful system characteristics are *** addition,a cost model is constructed to define the optimal values of service rates,simultaneously,to minimize the total expected cost per unit time via a quadratic fit search *** examples are provided to display the impact of different system characteristics.

关键词： Queueing models Random environment Working vacation policy Impatient customers Probability generating function Optimization

Unravelling the linkages of cryosphere and mountain livelihood systems:A case study of Langtang,Nepal

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2021年第1期12卷 119-131页

作者： Sabamee TULADHAR Binaya PASAKHALA amina MAHARJAN Arabinda MISHRA International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development(ICIMOD) Kathmandu44703Nepal

Globally,mountains are often characterized as fragile and hazardous terrains,with vast areas covered by the *** livelihoods of communities in the Hindu Kush Himalayan region are closely linked with the *** over the past few decades,communities in the region have experienced multiple changes,including those driven by climat e change,with direct and immediate impacts on their lives and *** this study,we explore linkages between the cryosphere and high-mountain livelihoods using a social-ecological system *** examines how the complex social-ecological system in villages in Langtang Valley,Nepal,has evolved in response to both cryospheric and socioeconomic *** local communities perceive gradual but significant changes in the cryospheric system,such as receding and thinning glaciers,changing snowfall patterns,changes in temperature and precipitation patterns,and a growing incidence of cryosphere-related hazards,such as avalanches and *** in the Langtang Valley are also facing a number of socioeconomic changes,resulting in changing aspirations,particularly among the *** growing disconnection between society and the surrounding cryosphere,with direct impacts on the transfer and growth of local knowledge systems,are *** simultaneous changes in the cryosphere and the socioeconomic domain have also resulted in a homogenization of livelihood sources,with tourism emerging as the dominant source of *** has resulted in a dependence of the local population on food imported from outside the valley.A growing dependence on tourism for livelihoods,dependence on imports for food and other basic needs,and the lack of a risk reduction strategy might pose great risks for local lives and livelihoods in the long *** pertaining to diversifying livelihoods,harmonizing social capital,and hazard risk assessment are essential for strengthening linkages between cryosphere and the socioe

关键词： Cryosphere-livelihood linkages Social-ecological systems Climate change High-mountain communities Hindu Kush Himalaya Langtang Valley

The Low-Rank Approximation of Fourth-Order Partial-Symmetric and Conjugate Partial-Symmetric Tensor

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Journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2023年第4期11卷 735-758页

作者： amina Sabir Peng-Fei Huang Qing-Zhi Yang School of Mathematics and Statistics Kashi UniversityKashi844008XinjiangChina School of Mathematical Sciences and LPMC Nankai UniversityTianjin300071China

We present an orthogonal matrix outer product decomposition for the fourth-order conjugate partial-symmetric(CPS)tensor and show that the greedy successive rank-one approximation(SROA)algorithm can recover this decomposition *** on this matrix decomposition,the CP rank of CPS tensor can be bounded by the matrix rank,which can be applied to low-rank tensor ***,we give the rank-one equivalence property for the CPS tensor based on the SVD of matrix,which can be applied to the rank-one approximation for CPS tensors.

关键词： Conjugate partial-symmetric tensor Approximation algorithm Rank-one equivalence property Convex relaxation

A Fast Panoptic Segmentation Network for Self-Driving Scene Understanding

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2022年第10期43卷 27-43页

作者： Abdul Majid Sumaira Kausar Samabia Tehsin amina Jameel Department of Computer Science Bahiria UniversityIslamabadPakistan Department of Software Engineering Bahiria UniversityKarachiPakistan

In recent years,a gain in popularity and significance of science understanding has been observed due to the high paced progress in computer vision techniques and *** primary focus of computer vision based scene understanding is to label each and every pixel in an image as the category of the object it belongs *** it is required to combine segmentation and detection in a single *** many successful computer vision methods has been developed to aid scene understanding for a variety of real world *** understanding systems typically involves detection and segmentation of different natural and manmade things.A lot of research has been performed in recent years,mostly with a focus on things(a well-defined objects that has shape,orientations and size)with a less focus on stuff classes(amorphous regions that are unclear and lack a shape,size or other characteristics Stuff region describes many aspects of scene,like type,situation,environment of scene *** hence can be very helpful in scene *** methods for scene understanding still have to cover a challenging path to cope up with the challenges of computational time,accuracy and robustness for varying level of scene complexity.A robust scene understanding method has to effectively deal with imbalanced distribution of classes,overlapping objects,fuzzy object boundaries and poorly localized *** proposed method presents Panoptic Segmentation on Cityscapes ***-V2 is used as a backbone for feature extraction that is pre-trained on ***-V2 with state-of-art encoder-decoder architecture of DeepLabV3+with some customization and optimization is employed Atrous convolution along with Spatial Pyramid Pooling are also utilized in the proposed method to make it more accurate and *** promising and encouraging results have been achieved that indicates the potential of the proposed method for robust scene understanding in a fast and

关键词： Panoptic segmentation instance segmentation semantic segmentation deep learning computer vision scene understanding autonomous applications atrous convolution