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Weathering of Monuments at Jethawanaramaya Complex in North-Central,Sri Lanka

Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2009年第5期83卷 1024-1030页

作者： amila Sandaruwan ratnayake Amarasooriya PITAWALA Department of Geology University of PeradeniyaPeradeniyaSri Lanka

Sri Lanka has the richest archaeological sites in Asia. Jethawanarama Complex, one of the valuable sites in the country, is suffering from deterioration due to weathering. Monuments were built mainly from stones （granitic gneiss and marble） and clay bricks. The present study aimed to categorize weathering forms and interpret the recently-developing weathering processes. The growing of lichens on surfaces and the development of saline conditions are the major threats on the survival of monuments other than the typical weathering processes of tropical climates Morinite （NaCa2Al2[PO4）]2 [F,OH]5·2H2O） is identified as a weathering product of monuments and is generated from lichens.

关键词： weathering monuments lichen

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Phosphate mineral accumulation in lake sediment to form a secondary phosphate source: A case study in lake sediment around Eppawala Phosphate Deposit(EPD) in Sri Lanka

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2021年第4期36卷 532-541页

作者： Nimila Dushyantha Nalin ratnayake Hemalal Panagoda Chulantha Jayawardena amila Sandaruwan ratnayake Department of Earth Resources Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Moratuwa Ocean University 3. Department of Applied Earth Sciences Faculty of Applied Sciences Uva Wellassa University

Global phosphorus scarcity will result in significant consequences for future food security with the depletion of current phosphate reserves. Therefore, exploration of new phosphorus sources is essential to address future phosphorus scarcity. The current study investigated the geochemical potential of lake sediment around the Eppawala Phosphate Deposit(EPD) in Sri Lanka to be used as a low-grade phosphorus source for agricultural purposes. Jaya-Ganga is a man-made water canal that drains through the EPD feeding three lakes, namely, upstream Ihalahalmilla Lake and Koon Lake, and downstream Kiralogama Lake with respect to the EPD. Three cores(cores A, B, and C) were collected from the above three lakes and major oxides and minerals distributions along the cores were analyzed. Notable high enrichment of phosphorus pentoxide(P2O5) content and high P2O5solubility values were measured in the top 60 cm sediment layer in Core B and throughout the Core C compared to the Core A. This high enrichment of P2O5content in the same sediment columns were confirmed by the comparison with the Upper Continental Crust(UCC) values and literature survey. According to the X-ray Diffraction(XRD)results, phosphate minerals, such as fluorapatite, crandallite, and millisite were abundantly found in the same sediment columns. Therefore, these phosphate minerals can be considered as pathfinding minerals for soluble phosphates in sediment cores. Thus, sediment with high P2O5content and high solubility in downstream Kiralogama Lake showed the potential for application of these sediments as a direct phosphate source in agricultural purposes. Furthermore, the current study has introduced a new area of interest, i.e., soil and sediments around major phosphate deposits, for the exploration of new phosphate sources to meet future phosphorus demand.

关键词： Phosphorus Sediment cores Major oxides Solubility Phosphate minerals

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Focused research in emergency medical systems in Asia: a necessity for trauma system advancement

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Emergency and Critical Care Medicine 2022年第2期2卷 87-93页

作者： amila ratnayake Shinji Nakahara Dinesh Bagaria Sohan De Silva Sri Lal De Silva April Llaneta Ratrawee Pattanarattanamolee Yonggang Li Bui Hai Hoang Army Hospital ColomboSri Lanka Kanagawa University of Human Services KawasakiJapan All India Institute of Medical Sciences New DelhiIndia 1990 Suwa Seriya Foundation ColomboSri Lanka University of the Philippines ManilaThe Philippines Khon Kaen Regional Hospital Khon KaenThailand Department of Emergency Surgery and Traumatic Orthopedics Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanShandongChina Hanoi Medical University HanoiVietnam

Since trauma is a growing health problem worldwide,emergency trauma care including emergency medical services(EMS)is becoming an integral part of the healthcare *** optimal EMS which will improve access to trauma care,will be different in each country because of different healthcare systems,trauma etiology,and economic *** adopt models that have succeeded in developed countries is not always *** order to identify the optimal EMS model in developing countries,comparing the systems among many countries in detail and examining their advantages and disadvantages would be ***,this article tries to identify important elements of EMS to achieve mature EMS systems based on comparisons of 7 Asian countries,and discusses the need to conduct more detailed and extensive comparisons.

关键词： Asia Emergency medical services Healthcare system International comparison Trauma

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The true global burden of trauma: a call for a comprehensive trauma research platform

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Emergency and Critical Care Medicine 2022年第2期2卷 39-40页

作者： amila S.ratnayake Yonggang Li Adam L.Kushner Department of Surgery Army HospitalColomboSri Lanka Department of Emergency Surgery&Traumatic Orthopedics Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanShandongChina Surgeons OverSeas(SOS) New York CityNYUSA Department of International Health Bloomberg School of Public HealthJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA

In 2020,the World Health Organization(WHO)released a report entitled“Urgent Health Challenges for the Next Decade.”Developed by global health care experts,the report covers topics such as extreme weather conditions,conflicts,and unfair health care *** also“reflects a deep concern that leaders are failing to invest enough resources in core health priorities and systems.”[1]This work echoed the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 which was adopted by United Nations(UN)Member States on March 18,2015 at the Third UN World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction in Sendai City,Miyagi Prefecture,*** Sendai Framework outlined seven global targets to be achieved between 2015 and 2030.[2]

关键词： comprehensive global enough

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