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Spatiotemporal variations of sand hydraulic conductivity by microbial application methods

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第1期16卷 268-278页

作者： Viroon Kamchoom Thiti Khattiwong Treesukon Treebupachatsakul Suraparb Keawsawasvong Anthony Kwan leung Excellent Centre for Green and Sustainable Infrastructure Department of Civil EngineeringSchool of EngineeringKing Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang(KMITL)Bangkok10520Thailand Department of Biomedical Engineering School of EngineeringKing Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang(KMITL)Bangkok10520Thailand Department of Civil Engineering Thammasat School of EngineeringThammasat UniversityPrathumthani10200Thailand Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(HKUST)Hong KongChina

The spatiotemporal distributions of microbes in soil by different methods could affect the efficacy of the microbes to reduce the soil hydraulic *** this study,the specimens of bio-mediated sands were prepared using three different methods,***,mixing,and pouring a given microbial so-lution onto compacted sand *** hydraulic conductivity was measured by constant-head tests,while any soil microstructural changes due to addition of the microbes were observed by scan-ning electron microscope(SEM)and mercury intrusion porosimetry(MIP)*** amount of dextran concentration produced by microbes in each type of specimen was quantified by a *** show that dextran production increased exponentially after 5-7 d of microbial settling with the supply of culture *** injection and mixing methods resulted in a similar amount and uniform dis-tribution of dextran in the *** pouring method,however,produced a nonuniform distri-bution,with a higher concentration near the specimen *** the supply of culture medium discontinued,the dextran content near the surface produced by the pouring method decreased dramatically due to high competition for nutrients with foreign *** dextran concentration was negatively and correlated with hydraulic conductivity of bio-mediated soils exponentially,due to the clogging of large soil pores by *** hydraulic conductivity of the injection and mixing cases did not change significantly when the supply of culture medium was absent.

关键词： Bio-mediated soil Dextran Hydraulic conductivity Leuconostoc mesenteroides Microbial application Microstructure

Regulation of cytohesins by their interactors in the nervous system

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第10期18卷 2186-2187页

作者： Yuqi Zhai king To leung Kwok-Fai Lau School of Life Sciences Faculty of ScienceThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

Adenosine diphosphate ribosylation factors(ARFs) are small GTP-binding proteins of the Ras superfamily which are involved in membrane trafficking and actin cytoskeleton *** other small GTPases,their functions are attributed to the cycling of ARF between GTP(active) and GDP (inactive) states through the actions of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins,respectively.

关键词： Adenosine cycling attributed

Synchronous colorectal cancer: Clinical, pathological and molecular implications

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第22期20卷 6815-6820页

作者： Alfred king-Yin Lam Sally Sze-Yan Chan Melissa leung Cancer Molecular Pathology Griffith Health InstituteGriffith UniversityGold Coast QLD 4222QueenslandAustralia

Synchronous colorectal carcinoma refers to more than one primary colorectal carcinoma detected in a single patient at initial presentation. A literature review has shown that the prevalence of the disease is approximately 3.5% of all colorectal carcinomas. This disease has a male to female ratio of 1.8:1. The mean age at presentation of patients with synchronous colorectal cancer is in the early half of the seventh decade. Patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease), hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer, familial adenomatous polyposis and serrated polyps/hyperplastic polyposis are known to have a higher risk of synchronous colorectal carcinoma. These predisposing factors account for slightly more than 10% of synchronous colorectal carcinomas. Synchronous colorectal carcinoma is more common in the right colon when compared to solitary colorectal cancer. On pathological examination, some synchronous colorectal carcinomas are mucinous adenocarcinomas. They are usually associated with adenomas and metachronous colorectal carcinomas. Most of the patients with synchronous colorectal cancer have two carcinomas but up to six have been reported in one patient. Patients with synchronous colorectal carcinoma have a higher proportion of microsatellite instability cancer than patients with a solitary colorectal carcinoma. Also, limited data have revealed that in many synchronous colorectal carcinomas, carcinomas in the same patient have different patterns of microsatellite instability status, p53 mutation and K-ras mutation. Overall, the prognosis of patients with synchronous colorectal carcinoma is not significantly different from that in patients with solitary colorectal carcinoma, although a marginally better prognosis has been reported in patients with synchronous colorectal carcinoma in some series. A different management approach and long-term clinical follow-up are recommended for some patients with synchronous colorect

关键词： Synchronous carcinoma Colorectal carcinoma Prevalence Microsatellite instability Review

Regional trauma system development in Shenzhen,China:an 8-year journey

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Military Medical Research 2022年第3期9卷 385-386页

作者： Gui-Xi Zhang Gilberto Ka Kit leung Chung Mau Lo Richard Kwong-Yin Lo John Wong Ronald V. Maier Eileen M.Bulger Joe king man Fan Xiao-Bing Fu Chinese PLA Medical School Beijing100853China University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen518000China Faculty of Medicine University of Hong Kong Li Ka ShingHong Kong999077China Harborview Medical Center SeattleWA98195USA Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical SchoolBeijing100853China

Dear Editor,Since the late 1980s, trauma in China has been identified as a major public health challenge, with trafic-related fatalities accounting for 80% of accidental deaths[1]. In 2019, Shenzhen had a total population of approximately 20 million, and from 2010 to 2017, both emergency medical services and the total number of trauma patients increased, with trauma accounting for 47.0% and 38.4% of all patients in 2010 and 2017, respectively[2,3]. This report describes the efforts to implement programs and establish a trauma system in Shenzhen, China.

关键词： system services accounting

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma:dynamic MR imaging with gadolinium

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Chinese Medical Journal 1998年第7期 17-22页

作者： Ann D king, Wynnie WM Lam, SF leung, YL Chan and Constantine Metreweli

Objective To evaluate the use of enhanced dynamic MR images in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods Dynamic enhanced turbo spin-echo transverse images were obtained in 35 patients with newly diagnosed NPC. Comparison was made between the pre-contrast image, last enhanced scan and dynamic series in assessment of the extent of primary tumor and lymph node *** Enhanced MR images improved delineation of tumor in the following regions, nasopharyngeal wall (6/35), levator palatini (44/70), tensor palatini (12/70), prevertebral muscles (3/70), medial pterygoid muscle (7/70), pharyngobasilar fascia (30/35), parapharyngeal fat space (23/70), nasal cavity (33/70), oropharynx (6/35), sphenoid sinus (6/35), maxillary sinus (6/70), ethmoid air cells (14/35), cavernous sinus (5/35), cranial fossa (4/35), clivus (13/35) and pterygoid genu (2/70). Eight of the 9 normal and 79/82 abnormal nodal groups, on conventional imaging criteria, enhanced with the same pattern and intensity as the primary tumor. The dynamic series did not improve delineation of tumor extent in comparison with that obtained on last enhanced image. Conclusion Enhanced MR images are valuable in evaluating the extent of primary tumor. Dynamic imaging was of no additional benefit in the evaluation tumor extent.

关键词： MR Nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Use of Chinese Herbal Medicine as an Adjuvant for Cancer Treatment: A Randomized Controlled Dose-Finding Clinical Trial on Lung Cancer Patients

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2011年第2期2卷 91-98页

作者： king-Fai Cheng Ping-Chung leung 不详

Background: Cancer has become a leading cause of death world-wide. In Hong Kong, cancer accounted for 24.8% of deaths in 1980, rising to 31.3% in 1998. The conventional treatment of cancer usually includes surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. These conventional therapies do not guarantee not relapse and are often associated with serious side effects. Using Chinese Medicine (CM) as an adjunctive treatment is commonly practiced in Chinese Communities to support patients being treated with conventional modern medicine, with the aim of alleviating the side effects, and improving self-defense and their quality of life. Well-designed and conducted clinical trials could give evidence of the efficacy of CM. This study investigated the clinical efficacy through the well designed clinical trial, and the implementation of carrying out the trial, to assess the adjuvant and supportive effect on lung cancer patients. Methods: The clinical study was designed as a randomized controlled trial to investigate the dose-dependent effects. Primary endpoint was the difference of Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G) score. Results: 41 eligible subjects were enrolled and randomly divided into 2 groups, 21 in high dose group and 20 in low dose group. Sub-domains of PWB (Physical well-being) and EWB (Emotional well-being) as well as FACT-G total score were significantly improved in high dose group when compared with low dose group after 12 weeks treatment (p = 0.015, 0.006 and 0.012, respectively). Conclusions: Holistic approach using quality of life as parameters to evaluate the efficacy of CM is an important compromise. Well-designed clinical trial can provide convincing evidence to support CM’s efficacy. The study demonstrated that quality of life of patients with lung cancer could be beneficial from the supportive care with CM.

关键词： Lung Cancer Quality of Life Chinese Medicine Randomized Controlled Trial Supportive Care

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胆道纤维化的发生发展与治疗

中华消化外科杂志 2024年第7期23卷 989-1000页

作者：赵进玉林延延岳平姚佳米宁宁李麻图付文康高龙 Azumi Suzuki Peng F Wong Kiyohito Tanaka Rungsun Rerknimitr Henrik H Junger Tan T Cheung Emmanuel Melloul Nicolas Demartines Joseph W leung 袁金秋 Hans J Schlitt 孟文勃兰州大学第一临床医学院兰州730030 兰州大学第一医院普通外科兰州730030 浜松医学中心消化科日本浜松432-8002 詹姆斯库克大学医院血管外科英国米德尔斯堡TS43BW 京都第二红十字医院消化科日本京都602-8031 朱拉隆功国王纪念医院胃肠内镜卓越中心泰国曼谷10330 雷根斯堡大学医学中心外科德国雷根斯堡93053 香港大学外科学系中国香港999077 洛桑大学医院内脏外科瑞士洛桑CH-1015 加州大学戴维斯分校医学中心和萨克拉门托退伍军人医学中心胃肠肝病科美国萨克拉门托95817 中山大学附属第七医院临床研究中心深圳518107

胆道纤维化(BF)是病理性胆道损伤修复的结果,主要表现为胆管壁的增厚硬化和管腔的进行性狭窄,最终可能导致胆道梗阻、胆汁性肝硬化、肝衰竭、肝胆恶性肿瘤等严重不良结局。目前的研究将BF描述为某些胆管病的病理特征,对其病因、病理生... 详细信息

胆道纤维化(BF)是病理性胆道损伤修复的结果,主要表现为胆管壁的增厚硬化和管腔的进行性狭窄,最终可能导致胆道梗阻、胆汁性肝硬化、肝衰竭、肝胆恶性肿瘤等严重不良结局。目前的研究将BF描述为某些胆管病的病理特征,对其病因、病理生理、分子机制和治疗缺乏系统总结。BF是胆道系统普遍存在但容易被忽略的疾病状态,可能通过病理性胆道损伤后的异常修复机制促进肝胆疾病的发生和进展,笔者结合国内外最新研究进展,综述BF的概念、临床表现、病因、发病机制和治疗策略,为临床医师提供参考。

关键词：胆道疾病纤维化胆管反应病因信号通路治疗

A critical role of IL-17 in modulating the B-cell response during H5N1 influenza virus infection

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2011年第6期8卷 462-468页

作者： Xiaohui Wang Chris CS Chan Min Yang Jun Deng Vincent KM Poon Virtual HC leung king-Hung Ko Jie Zhou Kwok Yung Yuen Bo-Jian Zheng Liwei Lu Department of Pathology The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Microbiology The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Center of Infection and Immunology The University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Interleukin-17(IL-17),a member of the IL-17 cytokine family,plays a crucial role in mediating the immune response against extracellular bacteria and fungi in the *** there is increasing evidence that IL-17 is involved in protective immunity against H1 and H3 influenza virus infections,little is known about the role of IL-17 in the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus *** this study,we show that H5N1-infected IL-17 knockout(KO)mice exhibit markedly increased weight loss,more pronounced lung immunopathology and significantly reduced survival rates as compared with infected wild-type ***,the frequency of B cells in the lung were substantially decreased in IL-17 KO mice after virus infection,which correlated with reduced CXCR5 expression in B cells and decreased CXCL13 production in the lung tissue of IL-17 KO *** with this observation,B cells from IL-17 KO mice exhibited a significant reduction in chemokine-mediated migration in *** together,these findings demonstrate a critical role for IL-17 in mediating the recruitment of B cells to the site of pulmonary influenza virus infection in mice.

关键词： B cell H5N1 influenza virus IL-17 lung infection

Outcome of severely injured trauma patients at a designated trauma centre in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region

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Chinese Medical Journal 2010年第10期123卷 1251-1254页

作者： leung Ka Kit Gilberto HO Wendy TONG king Hung Daniel YUEN Wai Key Trauma Service Queen Mary Hospital and The University of Hong Kong The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) China

Background The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region （HKSAR） of the People＇s Republic of China （PRC） has seen significant changes in its trauma service over the last ten years including the implementation of a regional trauma system. The author＇s institution is one of the five trauma centres designated in 2003. This article reports our initial clinical experience. Methods A prospective single-centre trauma registry from January 2004 to December 2008 was reviewed. The primary clinical outcome measure was hospital mortality. The Trauma and Injury Severity Score （TRISS） methodology was used for bench-marking with the North America Major Trauma Outcome Study （MTOS） database. Results There were 1451 patients. The majority （83.9%） suffered from blunt injury. The overall mortality rate was 7.8%. Severe injury, defined as the Injury Severity Score 〉15, occurred in 22.5% of patients, and was associated with a mortality rate of 31.6%. A trend of progressive improvement was noted. The M-statistic was 0.99, indicating comparable case-mix with the MTOS. The Z- and W-statistics of each individual year revealed fewer, but not significantly so, number of survivors than expected. Conclusions Trauma centre designation was feasible in the HKSAR and was associated with a gradual improvement in patient care. Trauma system implementation may be considered in regions equipped with the necessary socio-economic and organizational set-up.

关键词： trauma, nervous system outcome trauma and injury severity score Hong Kong, China