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Non-invasive ventilation for acute hypoxemic respiratory failure,including COVID-19

Journal of Intensive Medicine 2023年第1期3卷 11-19页

作者： Tommaso Rosà Luca Salvatore Menga ambika tejpal Melania Cesarano Teresa Michi Michael C.Sklar Domenico Luca Grieco Department of Emergency Intensive Care Medicine and AnesthesiaFondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCSRome 00168Italy Istituto di Anestesiologiae Rianimazione UniversitàCattolica del Sacro CuoreRome 00168Italy Division of Cardiology Department of MedicineUniversity of TorontoToronto ON M5S 1A1Canada Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine University of TorontoToronto ON M5S 1A1Canada Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine St.Michael's Hospital–Unity Health TorontoUniversity of TorontoToronto ON M5S 1A1Canada

Optimal initial non-invasive management of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure(AHRF),of both coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)and non-COVID-19 etiologies,has been the subject of significant *** of endotracheal intubation reduces related complications,but maintenance of spontaneous breathing with intense respiratory effort may increase risks of patients’self-inflicted lung injury,leading to delayed intubation and worse clinical ***-flow nasal oxygen is currently recommended as the optimal strategy for AHRF management for its simplicity and beneficial physiological ***-invasive ventilation(NIV),delivered as either pressure support or continuous positive airway pressure via interfaces like face masks and helmets,can improve oxygenation and may be associated with reduced endotracheal intubation ***,treatment failure is common and associated with poor *** and knowledge of the specific features of each interface are necessary to fully exploit their potential benefits and minimize *** clinical and physiological monitoring is necessary during any treatment to avoid delays in endotracheal intubation and protective *** this narrative review,we analyze the physiological benefits and risks of spontaneous breathing in AHRF,and the characteristics of tools for delivering *** goal herein is to provide a contemporary,evidence-based overview of this highly relevant topic.

关键词： Non-invasive ventilation Hypoxemic respiratory failure Self-inflicted lung injury

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Rising tide: The global surge of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents demands action now

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第5期15卷 797-809页

作者： Joseph M Pappachan Cornelius James Fernandez ambika P Ashraf Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Science Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Biology Medicine&HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom Department of Endocrinology&Metabolism Pilgrim HospitalUnited Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS TrustBoston PE219QSUnited Kingdom Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Department of PediatricsUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35233United States

Childhood-onset obesity has emerged as a major public healthcare challenge across the globe,fueled by an obesogenic environment and influenced by both genetic and epigenetic *** has led to an exponential rise in the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and *** looming wave of diabetes-related complications in early adulthood is anticipated to strain the healthcare budgets in most *** there is a collective global effort to curb the devastation caused by the situation,the impact is poised to be pro-found.A multifaceted research effort,governmental legislation,and effective social action are crucial in attaining this *** article delves into the current epidemiological landscape,explores evidence concerning potential risks and consequences,delves into the pathobiology of childhood obesity,and discusses the latest evidence-based management strategies for diabesity.

关键词： Childhood obesity Diabesity Type 2 diabetes mellitus Adolescence Cardiovascular disease Pharmacotherapy

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Evaluation of atmospheric corrections on hyperspectral data with special reference to mineral mapping

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Geoscience Frontiers 2017年第4期8卷 797-808页

作者： Nisha Rani Venkata Ravibabu Mandla tejpal Singh Centre for Disaster Mitigation and Management(CDMM) VIT University OSGST-Lab Department of Environmental.Water Resources EngineeringSchool of Civil and Chemical EngineeringVIT University CSIR-Central Scientific Instruments Organisation

Hyperspectral images have wide applications in the fields of geology,mineral exploration,agriculture,forestry and environmental studies *** to their narrow band width with numerous ***,these images commonly suffer from atmospheric effects,thereby limiting their *** such a situation,atmospheric correction becomes a necessary pre-requisite for any further processing and accurate interpretation of spectra of different surface materials/*** the present study,two very advance atmospheric approaches *** and FLAASH have been applied on the hyperspectral remote sensing *** spectra of vegetation,man-made structure and different minerals from the Gadag area of Karnataka,were extracted from the raw image and also from the QUAC and FLAASH corrected *** spectra were compared among themselves and also with the existing USGS and JHU spectral *** is rigorous atmospheric algorithm and requires various parameters to perform but it has capability to compensate the effects of atmospheric *** absorption curves in any spectra play an important role in identification of the ***,the presence of unwanted absorption features can lead to wrong interpretation and identification of mineral *** also has an advantage of spectral polishing which provides smooth spectral curves which helps in accurate identification of composition of ***,this study recommends that FLAASH is better than QUAC for atmospheric correction and correct interpretation and identification of composition of any object or minerals.

关键词： Atmospheric correction Hyperspectral data Radiance Reflectance FLAASH QUAC

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Enhanced Clustering Based OSN Privacy Preservation to Ensure k-Anonymity, t-Closeness, l-Diversity, and Balanced Privacy Utility

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第4期75卷 2171-2190页

作者： Rupali Gangarde Amit Sharma ambika Pawar Department of CSE Lovely Professional UniversityPhagwara144411India Department of CSE Symbiosis Institute of Technology(SIT)Affiliated to Symbiosis International(Deemed University)Pune412115India School of Computer Applications Lovely Professional UniversityPhagwara144411India Learning&Development Persistent UniversityPersistent SystemsPune411057India

Online Social Networks (OSN) sites allow end-users to share agreat deal of information, which may also contain sensitive information,that may be subject to commercial or non-commercial privacy attacks. Asa result, guaranteeing various levels of privacy is critical while publishingdata by OSNs. The clustering-based solutions proved an effective mechanismto achieve the privacy notions in OSNs. But fixed clustering limits theperformance and scalability. Data utility degrades with increased privacy,so balancing the privacy utility trade-off is an open research issue. Theresearch has proposed a novel privacy preservation model using the enhancedclustering mechanism to overcome this issue. The proposed model includesphases like pre-processing, enhanced clustering, and ensuring privacy *** enhanced clustering algorithm is the second phase where authorsmodified the existing fixed k-means clustering using the threshold *** threshold value is determined based on the supplied OSN data of edges,nodes, and user attributes. Clusters are k-anonymized with multiple graphproperties by a novel one-pass algorithm. After achieving the k-anonymityof clusters, optimization was performed to achieve all privacy models, suchas k-anonymity, t-closeness, and l-diversity. The proposed privacy frameworkachieves privacy of all three network components, i.e., link, node, and userattributes, with improved utility. The authors compare the proposed techniqueto underlying methods using OSN Yelp and Facebook datasets. The proposedapproach outperformed the underlying state of art methods for Degree ofAnonymization, computational efficiency, and information loss.

关键词： Enhanced clustering online social network k-anonymity t-closeness l-diversity privacy preservation

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Plant food anti-nutritional factors and their reduction strategies:an overview

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食物生产加工与营养(英文) 2020年第1期2卷 48-61页

作者： Mrinal Samtiya Rotimi E.Aluko tejpal Dhewa Department of Nutrition Biology Central University of HaryanaMahendergarhHaryana 123031India Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences University of ManitobaWinnipegManitoba R3T 2N2Canada

Legumes and cereals contain high amounts of macronutrients and micronutrients but also anti-nutritional *** anti-nutritional factors,which are found in edible crops include saponins,tannins,phytic acid,gossypol,lectins,protease inhibitors,amylase inhibitor,and ***-nutritional factors combine with nutrients and act as the major concern because of reduced nutrient *** other factors like trypsin inhibitors and phytates,which are present mainly in legumes and cereals,reduce the digestibility of proteins and mineral ***-nutrients are one of the key factors,which reduce the bioavailability of various components of the cereals and *** factors can cause micronutrient malnutrition and mineral *** are various traditional methods and technologies,which can be used to reduce the levels of these anti-nutrient *** processing techniques and methods such as fermentation,germination,debranning,autoclaving,soaking *** used to reduce the anti-nutrient contents in *** using various methods alone or in combinations,it is possible to reduce the level of anti-nutrients in *** review is focused on different types of anti-nutrients,and possible processing methods that can be used to reduce the level of these factors in food products.

关键词： Legumes Cereals Phytic acid Micronutrients Fermentation Lactic acid bacteria Anti-nutrients

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Spatio-temporal variation of trace elements distributed over surface water of Upper Ganga River Basin in Western Himalayan Region

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第1期20卷 145-162页

作者： Deepika DIMRI ambika KUMAR DeepakKumar MISHRA Archana SHARMA Doon University Dehradun248012India Bhagalpur National College Bhagalpur812007India

The rivers draining from the Himalayan range distribute enormous amount of fresh water to the people living in downstream *** metals flowed with river water can lead to serious impact on ecological system and human ***,the documentation on trace elements of Himalayan rivers is inadequately *** current study deals with the spatial and temporal variability of the major and trace elements of Ganga river water in epirhithron,metarhithron and hyporhithron zone belonging to Himalayan *** samples from nineteen monitoring locations were collected in pre-monsoon(May-June),monsoon(AugustSeptember)and post-monsoon(December)seasons and subjected to be assessed for 20 elements(Ag,Al,Ba,Cd,Ca,Cr,Cu,Fe,Ga,K,Mn,Mg,Na,Ni,Pb,Sr,Th,U,Zn,and Zr)using ICP-OES(Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometer).Different water pollution indexes such as HPI(Heavy Metal Pollution Index),MI(Metal Index)and PI(Pollution Index)were used to describe current water quality status at each monitoring station under particular classified ecological *** studied stations in hyporhithron zone had the value of Metal Index(MI>1),indicating threshold of ***,the highest values of HPI in hyporhithron zone correspond to poor water quality *** with poor water quality were also found to be contaminated as per the Pollution Index(PI),exhibiting high concentrations for element(Fe).However,the epirhithron and metarhithron zone in Himalayan segment showed excellent water quality mainly contributed from natural *** Analysis(CA)and Principal Component Analysis(PCA)were applied to identify the main influential sources for Ganga river water *** Kriging interpolation method was also applied to prepare spatial distribution map of computed indexes(HPI,MI,and PI).With the help of index of local Moran’s I(LMI),identified spatial clusters and spatial outliers revealed the elevated concentration of most elements in hyporhithr

关键词： Trace elements Spatial variation Temporal variation Surface water Ganga River Basin ICP-OES

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Experimental Performance Analysis of a Corrugation Type Solar Air Heater(CTSAH)

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Energy Engineering 2022年第4期119卷 1483-1499页

作者： Aravindh Madhavankutty ambika Aarjab Ghimire Sreekumar Appukuttan Ministry of New and Renewable Energy Government of IndiaNew Delhi110003India Department of Green Energy Technology Madanjeet School of Green Energy TechnologiesPondicherry UniversityPuducherry605014India

This paper explains the experimental performance evaluation of a Corrugated Type Solar Air Heater(CTSAH)for understanding its performance in a humid tropical climatic condition in Puducherry,*** helps in understanding its effectiveness in using it for drying application of products like seafood,*** were conducted at different mass flow rates and their effect on the heat gain,efficiency,friction factor heat transfer,etc.,was *** were carried out at different mass flow rates,i.e.,M1=0.06 kg/s,M2=0.14 kg/s,M3=0.17 kg/s,M4=0.25 kg/s,M5=0.3 kg/s,and were conducted from 11:00 h to 14:00 *** air inlet&air temperature is found to be at an average of 40°C whereas the incident solar radiation is at an average of 795 W/*** results show that the optimum performance of the CTSAH is in the mass flow rate range of 0.14–0.25(kg/s).Also,the calculated useful heat produced,convective heat transfer coefficients,effective efficiency,optical efficiency provides knowledge on the potential use of the air heater.

关键词： Solar air heater performance analysis efficiency solar thermal

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Nonlinear time series analysis of the light curves from the black hole system GRS1915+105

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2011年第1期11卷 71-90页

作者： K.P.Harikrishnan Ranjeev Misra G.ambika Department of Physics The Cochin College Inter University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics Indian Institute of Science Education and Research

GRS 1915＋105 is a prominent black hole system exhibiting variability over a wide range of time scales and its observed light curves have been classified into 12 temporal states. Here we undertake a complete analysis of these light curves from all the states using various quantifiers from nonlinear time series analysis, such as the correlation dimension （D2）, the correlation entropy （K2）, singular value decomposition （SVD） and the multifractal spectrum （f（α） spectrum）. An important aspect of our analysis is that, for estimating these quantifiers, we use algorithmic schemes which we have recently proposed and successfully tested on synthetic as well as practical time series from various fields. Though the schemes are based on the conventional delay embedding technique, they are automated so that the above quantitative measures can be computed using conditions prescribed by the algorithm and without any intermediate subjective analysis. We show that nearly half of the 12 temporal states exhibit deviation from randomness and their complex temporal behavior could be approximated by a few （three or four） coupled ordinary nonlinear differential equations. These results could be important for a better understanding of the processes that generate the light curves and hence for modeling the temporal behavior of such complex systems. To our knowledge, this is the first complete analysis of an astrophysical object （let alone a black hole system） using various techniques from nonlinear dynamics.

关键词： accretion accretion disks -- X-rays: binaries

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Alteration of structural, optical and electrical properties of CdSe incorporated polyvinyl pyrrolidone nanocomposite for memory devices

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Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 2018年第3期8卷 64-78页

作者： Chetna Tyagi ambika Devi Department of Applied Sciences The NorthCap University Gurugram 122017 HaryanaIndia

The important enhancement in the structural,dielectric and optical properties of pure polymer and CdSe incorporated polyvinyl pyrrolidone has been reported in this *** surface morphology of CdSe/PVP nanocomposite film is studied by using scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The chemical composition of different elements has been reported using energy dispersive X-ray(EDX)*** structure of polymer nanocomposite is determined with the help of X-ray diffraction(XRD)spectrum and is observed to be *** size,intercrystalline separation,interplanner spacing,lattice parameters,strain and dislocation factors are calculated using XRD *** transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)and Photoluminescence(PL)analysis have been studied in order to check the possible interaction between CdSe quantum dots and polyvinyl pyrrolidone(PVP)*** ac conductivity of CdSe/PVP nanocomposite is found to be higher as compared to pure *** highest value of conductivity observed at 60203 Hz and at 523 K is found to be 3:72105 Sm*** study of dielectric constant,dielectric losses,dissipation factor,electric modulus and impedance has been *** semi-circles in impedance measurement for both materials show the bulk electrical properties that result in single relaxation process in CdSe/PVP nanocomposite.

关键词： Nanocomposites activation energy FTIR refractive index

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DOIND： a technique for leakage reduction in nanoscale domino logic circuits

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Journal of Semiconductors 2016年第5期37卷 69-77页

作者： ambika Prasad Shah Vaibhav Neema Shreeniwas Daulatabad Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering Department IET-Devi Ahilya University Indore-452017 India Electrical Engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology Bombay-400076 India

A novel DOIND logic approach is proposed for domino logic, which reduces the leakage current with a minimum delay penalty. Simulation is performed at 70 nm technology node with supply voltage 1V for domino logic and DOIND logic based AND, OR, XOR and Half Adder circuits using the tanner EDA tool. Simulation results show that the proposed DOIND approach decreases the average leakage current by 68.83%, 66.6%, 77.86% and 74.34% for 2 input AND, OR, XOR and Half Adder respectively. The proposed approach also has 47.76% improvement in PDAP for the buffer circuit as compared to domino logic.

关键词： deep submicron DOIND logic domino logic evaluation precharge subthreshold leakage

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