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Treatment and prevention of epilepsy in onchocerciasis-endemic areas is urgently needed

Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 85-89页

作者： Robert Colebunders Joseph Nelson Siewe Fodjo Olivia Kamoen Luis-Jorge Amaral amber hadermann Chiara Trevisan Mark J.Taylor Julia Gauglitz Achim Hoerauf Yasuaki Sato Katja Polman Maria-Gloria Basanez Dan Bhwana Thomson Lakwo Gasim Abd-Elfarag Sebastien D.Pion Global Health Institute University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium Department of Neurology Heilig Hart ZiekenhuisLierBelgium Department of Public Health Institute of Tropical MedicineAntwerpBelgium Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine LiverpoolUK Department of Computer Science University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium Institute of Medical Microbiology Immunology and ParasitologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany German Center for Infection Research(DZIF) Partner Site Bonn-CologneBonnGermany School of Global Humanities and Social Sciences Nagasaki UniversityNagasakiJapan MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis and London Centre for Neglected TropicalDisease Research Department of Infectious Disease EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthImperial College LondonLondonUK National Institute for Medical Research TangaTanzania Vector Control Division Ministry of HealthKampalaUganda School of Public Health University of JubaJubaSouth Sudan Access for Humanity JubaSouth Sudan French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development MontpellierFrance

Background There is increasing epidemiological evidence supporting the association between onchocerciasis and seizures, reinforcing the concept of onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy (OAE). The aim of this paper is to provide an update on the new knowledge about OAE and to propose recommendations to the World Health Organization how to address this public health *** text During the 2nd International Workshop on OAE held on 19-21 September, 2023, in Antwerp, Belgium, participants recognised OAE as a substantial yet neglected public health problem, particularly in areas of sub-Saharan Africa where onchocerciasis remains hyperendemic. Evidence from prospective population-based studies suggest that strengthening onchocerciasis elimination efforts leads to a significant reduction of OAE incidence. There is a need to validate an OAE case definition to estimate the burden of disease and identify onchocerciasis-endemic areas requiring intensification of onchocerciasis elimination programmes and integration of epilepsy care. It is expected that raising awareness about OAE will boost the population uptake of ivermectin. The implementation of a community-based epilepsy treatment programme offering free anti-seizure medications (ASMs) has shown high effectiveness in reducing the frequency of seizures and improving the overall quality of life of people with *** To reduce OAE burden, enhanced collaboration between onchocerciasis and mental health programmes at community, national, and international levels is required. Urgent efforts are needed to ensure the uninterrupted provision of free ASMs in onchocerciasis-endemic areas. Furthermore, OAE should be included in the quantification of the onchocerciasis disease burden.

关键词： Onchocerciasis Morbidity Burden of disease Prevention Ivermectin Epilepsy Nodding syndrome Treatment Children Policy

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Optimization of variables and assessment of in-vitro and in-vivo antihyperlipidemic activity of Eudragit RS nanoparticles containing simvastatin

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 189-198页

作者： Bina Gidwani Vishal Jain Veenu Joshi Ravindra Kumar Pandey Shiv Shankar Shukla amber Vyas Columbia Institute of Pharmacy Raipur(C.G.)India University Institute of Pharmacy Pt Ravishankar Shukla UniversityRaipur(C.G.)India Center for Basic Science and Research Pt Ravishankar Shukla UniversityRaipur(C.G.)India

Simvastatin, a BCS class II drug, is associated with poor aqueous solubility, first-pass metabolism and short half-life. In the present work, nanoparticles were prepared and evaluated. Optimization of formulation and process parameters was done through the use of independent and dependent variables. Preliminary studies were done to determine suitable range of the concentration of Eudragit polymer (10%–30%) and the ratio of drug to polymer (1:1 to 1:5) for the formation of nanoparticles by emulsification and a solvent evaporation technique. Results revealed that the mean size of nanoparticles was affected by stirring speed from 5000 RPM, 8000 RPM, and 12000 RPM. The results of increase in association efficiency and percent yield with increase in amount of drug from 100 mg, 150 mg, and 200 mg in selected range were observed. In-vitro release studies showed that two formulations possess highest initial burst and slow sustained drug release. There was 2.93-fold decrease in total cholesterol and 3.27-fold increases in triglyceride level during in-vivo study.

关键词： Simvastatin Eudragit RS 100 Nanoparticles Hyperlipidemia

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Thrombotic microangiopathy after kidney transplantation: Expanding etiologic and pathogenetic spectra

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第1期14卷 84-95页

作者： Muhammed Mubarak amber Raza Rahma Rashid Fnu Sapna Shaheera Shakeel Department of Histopathology Sindh Institute of Urology and TransplantationKarachi 74200SindhPakistan Department of Nephrology Sindh Institute of Urology and TransplantationKarachi 74200SindhPakistan Department of Pathology Montefiore Medical CenterThe University Hospital for Albert Einstein School of MedicineBronxNY 10461United States

Thrombotic microangiopathy(TMA)is an uncommon but serious complication that not only affects native kidneys but also transplanted *** review is specifically focused on post-transplant TMA(PT-TMA)involving kidney transplant *** reported prevalence in the latter population varies from 0.8%to 14%with adverse impacts on both graft and patient *** has many causes and associations,and the list of etiologic agents and associations is growing *** pathogenesis is equally varied and a variety of pathogenetic pathways lead to the development of microvascular injury as the final common ***-TMA is categorized in many ways in order to facilitate its ***,more than one causes are contributory in PT-TMA and it is often difficult to pinpoint one particular cause in an individual ***,the hallmark lesions are endothelial cell injury and intravascular thrombi affecting the *** diagnosis and classification of PT-TMA are imperative for optimal outcomes but are challenging for both clinicians and *** Banff classification has addressed this issue and has developed minimum diagnostic criteria for pathologic diagnosis of PT-TMA in the first *** of the condition is also challenging and still largely *** varies from simple maneuvers,such as plasmapheresis,drug withdrawal or modification,or dose reduction,to lifelong complement blockade,which is very expensive.A thorough understanding of the condition is imperative for an early diagnosis and quick treatment when the treatment is potentially *** review aims to increase the awareness of relevant stakeholders regarding this important,potentially treatable but under-recognized cause of kidney allograft dysfunction.

关键词： Thrombotic microangiopathy Microvascular injury Anemia Thrombocytopenia Kidney allograft failure

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Innovative COVID-19 Screening: RT-LAMP Assay for Spike and NSP1 Proteins

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Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research 2024年第6期8卷 256-265页

作者： Muhammad Yousaf amber Khan Department of Biosciences COMSATS University IslamabadPark RdIslamabad Capital Territory 45550Pakistan Department of Biosciences Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology(SZABIST)KarachiPakistan

Coronavirus disease(COVID-19)is a serious respiratory disease that spreads through the coronavirus *** soon became a pandemic after its appearance in 2019 and demanded new techniques for its identification and *** to this situation,RT-LAMP appears to be a novel method for the identification of COVID-19 because of its vast applications,including cost-effectiveness and *** research highlights the use of RT-LAMP,a more sensitive test than RT-PCR,for the assessment of SARS-CoV-2,the severe acute respiratory *** identify the spike(S)and NSP1 protein using RT-LAMP,170 total samples of coronavirus-suspected patients were served in this *** certifications and bioethical considerations were taken into *** the sample was extracted from the patient's swabs,RNA was isolated,extracted,and *** response was then run on the RT-LAMP at the ideal temperature,and the outcomes could be observed with the unaided eye as they changed from pink to *** is a simple method of determining if the test is positive or *** this purpose,both RT-LAMP and RT-PCR tests are used during these *** linked with COVID-19 testing including S,nspl,and ORF are suited to coronavirus testing;they have 100%specificity and low sensitivity,but S has more specificity and sensitivity than nspl and ORF,*** of the 95 positive samples,89(93.68%)samples yielded favorable outcomes utilizing RT-LAMP,while 55 negative samples yielded 100%positive *** present research demonstrates that RT-LAMP is less sensitive yet more selective for coronavirus detection.

关键词： COVID-19 NSP1 Spike RT-LAMP

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Antibody Pattern: Correlation of Age and Gender in ANA and Anti-ds-DNA Prevalence

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Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research 2024年第6期8卷 373-381页

作者： Usama Ahmed Hijazi Mallick amber Khan Muhammad Zubair Department of Medicine School of Biomedical EngineeringShenzhen University Medical SchoolShenzhen 518060China Dow International Medical College Karachi Pakistan Department of Biosciences Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology(SZABIST)KarachiPakistan Institute of Biological Sciences Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information TechnologyRahim Yar KhanPakistan

The study was designed to find the prevalence of ANA antibodies and anti-dsDNA antibodies in samples tested at AFIP Rawalpindi and their correlation with age and gender and to find positive and negative predictive values of ANA *** this purpose,twelve thousand nine hundred sixty-seven(12,967)patients were analyzed for ANA with four hundred sixty-eight(468)healthy samples tested as control and four thousand seven hundred three(4,703)patients tested for ds-DNA *** data of all samples tested by indirect immunofluorescence(IF)for ANA antibodies and dsDNA antibodies was *** address positive and negative predictive values another control group(autoimmunity not suspected)of serum samples was taken from the healthy *** the first group,age,gender,ANA antibodies and ds-DNA antibodies results(both tests performed by IIF)data was collected from a computer record cell;for the second control group,ANA antibodies were performed by IIF.12,967 and 4,703 samples(Group 1)were tested for ANA antibodies and dsDNA antibodies,respectively,during this period.1,119(9%)and 99(2%)were found positive for ANA antibodies and ds DNA *** these positive samples,850(76%)and 73(74%)were females *** predisposition towards autoimmunity(ANA)was found significant with a P value of(P=0.001).Relation of age was also found significant with anti-ANA antibodies with a P value of(P=0.001).This study shows a negative correlation between age(P=0.025)and gender(P=0.001)with anti-dsDNA which is also *** prevalence was found below the mean age of 38 years(SD±16.635)for ANA antibodies and the mean age of 35 years(SD±15.066)for ds-DNA *** age of ANA antibodies and dsDNA antibodies positive patients ranged from 1 year old to 98 years old and 2 years old to 95 years old *** the second(autoimmunity-free)control group,a total of 468 samples were tested for ANA antibodies and 9(2%)were found ***

关键词： ANA Anti ds-DNA Autoimmunity SLE Immune fluorescence

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TMPRSS2 Polymorphism and Its Correlation with SARS-CoV-2 Susceptibility - A Secondary Publication

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Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research 2024年第5期8卷 329-335页

作者： Saleem Awan Anum Siraj amber Khan Arifa Anwar Muhammad Naeem Kiani Saira Yahya Department of Biosciences Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology(SZABIST)UniversityKarachiPakistan Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics Sindh Agriculture UniversityTandojamPakistan Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging School of Biomedical EngineeringShenzhen University Medical SchoolShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060Guangdong ProvinceChina

Background:Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)virus affected more people than SARS-CoV-1 and related *** genetic factors,besides respiratory droplets and direct exposure to the virus,are found highly responsible for transmitting SARS-CoV-2 ***:The objective of this study was to determine the plasma levels of the TMPRSS2 gene and its role in SARS-CoV-2 ***:A total of 100 patients,i.e.50 SARS-CoV-2 positive patients as the case group and 50 SARS-CoV-2 negative samples as the control group,were selected randomly and included in this case-control study to determine the association between TMPRSS2 gene and susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and severity of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).The TMPRSS2 levels of case and control samples were measured through an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Following the genomic DNA extraction,a set of reverse and forward primers of human TMPRSS2 gene primers were used for the amplification of the TMPRSS2 ***:In the control group,the ratio of men to women was more or less the same while in the case group 62%of the population were *** TMPRSS2 level was found to be 4.70±7.7 ng/ml in case samples while it was 4.73±5.7 ng/ml in control ***:The levels of TMPRSS2 in plasma samples of both controls and cases were found to be the same indicating that the entry of SARS-CoV-2 is not dependent on the plasma levels of this protein.

关键词： TMPRSS2 SARS-CoV-2 ACE2 Gene COVID-19 Expression

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A股有望走出跨年行情

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股市动态分析 2024年第1期 23-24页

作者： Jiarui Feng amber Zhou 海通国际

2023年最后一周A股市场开启反弹,上证50指数上涨2.45%,沪深300指数上涨2.81%,中证500指数上涨2.21%,创业板指上涨3.59%。当前全市场PE(TTM)为16.7倍,处于2005年以来的26.6%分位点。从趋势模型上看,Wind全A指数短期均线和长期均线的距离... 详细信息

2023年最后一周A股市场开启反弹,上证50指数上涨2.45%,沪深300指数上涨2.81%,中证500指数上涨2.21%,创业板指上涨3.59%。当前全市场PE(TTM)为16.7倍,处于2005年以来的26.6%分位点。从趋势模型上看,Wind全A指数短期均线和长期均线的距离为-4.69%,低于前一周(-4.06%),市场处于下跌市,Wind全A指数处于20日均线之上。

关键词：上证50指数趋势模型分位点 A股市场均线创业板指

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Decision-Making and Management of Self-Care in Persons with Traumatic Spinal Cord Injuries: A Preliminary Study

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2024年第2期14卷 47-63页

作者： Paul E. Plonski Jasmin Vassileva Ryan Shahidi Paul B. Perrin William Carter Lance L. Goetz amber Brochetti James M. Bjork Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Richmond Veterans Affairs Medical Center Richmond VA USA Department of Psychiatry Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Department of Psychology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Department of Spinal Cord Injury Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center Cleveland OH USA Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA

Patients and physicians understand the importance of self-care following spinal cord injury (SCI), yet many individuals with SCI do not adhere to recommended self-care activities despite logistical supports. Neurobehavioral determinants of SCI self-care behavior, such as impulsivity, are not widely studied, yet understanding them could inform efforts to improve SCI self-care. We explored associations between impulsivity and self-care in an observational study of 35 US adults age 18 - 50 who had traumatic SCI with paraplegia at least six months before assessment. The primary outcome measure was self-reported self-care. In LASSO regression models that included all neurobehavioral measures and demographics as predictors of self-care, dispositional measures of greater impulsivity (negative urgency, lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance), and reduced mindfulness were associated with reduced self-care. Outcome (magnitude) sensitivity, a latent decision-making parameter derived from computationally modeling successive choices in a gambling task, was also associated with self-care behavior. These results are preliminary;more research is needed to demonstrate the utility of these findings in clinical settings. Information about associations between impulsivity and poor self-care in people with SCI could guide the development of interventions to improve SCI self-care and help patients with elevated risks related to self-care and secondary health conditions.

关键词： Spinal Cord Injury Self-Care Decision-Making Paraplegia Impulsive Behavior Health Care

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Caffeine Exposure Causes Immune Dysfunction and Intrauterine Growth Restriction Retardation in Rats

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2022年第2期35卷 170-173页

作者： ZHANG Wen Zhong SUN Na Na HU Yang CAO Yu amber Sheeks Department of Safety Engineering North China Institute of Science&TechnologySanhe 065201HebeiChina Key Laboratory of Food Risk Assessment Ministry of Health China National Center for Food Safety Risk AssessmentBeijing 100021China Center for Public Health Surveillance and Information Service Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China Muskingum University OH 43762USA

This study was conducted to assess the effects of caffeine on the dam and the physical development of rat *** Sprague-Dawley rats(20 per dose group)were administered caffeine by gavage at 0(control),5,20,and 80 mg/kg body weight(bw)daily from gestational day 6 through lactation using caffeine dissolved in *** developmental toxicity of caffeine was *** in the 80 mg/kg bw group exhibited splenic *** litter weights were significantly lower in the 20 and 80 mg/kg bw groups than the untreated control(P<0.05),with a greater reduction in the higher dose *** number of female offspring was reduced in the 20 and 80 mg/kg bw groups(P<0.05).Some of the offspring were eaten by the dam following birth,which accounted for half of the litters in the 80 mg/kg bw group(P<0.05).Offspring body weight in the 80 mg/kg bw group was lower than that in the control during the lactation period(P<0.05).Exposure to caffeine during pregnancy can cause maternal immune dysfunction and intrauterine growth restriction retardation(IUGR);the developmental toxicity of caffeine varied with gender,as females were more sensitive than *** no observed adverse effect level was 5 mg/kg bw based on the IUGR.

关键词： Immune weights offspring

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PKCβII-ACSL4 pathway mediating ferroptosis execution and anti-tumor immunity

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Cancer Communications 2022年第7期42卷 583-586页

作者： Guang Lei amber Horbath Zhuang Li Boyi Gan Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77030USA The University of TexasMD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences HoustonTX 77030USA

Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death that results from oxidative damages of membrane phospholipids,and is mechanistically and morphologically unique compared to other cell death modalities,such as apoptosis and necroptosis[1].Excessive ferroptosis is indicative of many pathological conditions,including cardiovascular diseases,neurodegenerative diseases,and acute organ injury,whereas ferroptosis impairment has been shown to fuel tumor progression and metastasis;therefore,targeting ferroptosis represents a promising strategy for treating these diseases[2-10].Ferroptosis is triggered by a lethal accumulation of lipid peroxides on the cell membrane.

关键词： immunity diseases death

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