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Atmospheric and climate Sciences 2013年第1期3卷 31-40页

作者： amber Penner Jacqueline Binyamin University of Winnipeg Department of Geography Winnipeg Canada

To study the impact of climate change on Godthab(Greenland), temperature and precipitation gathered from the Global Historical climatology Network (GHcN) were analyzed for patterns within 1866-2011. Both temperature and precipitation have experienced an overall increase throughout the past 146 years. Precipitation, however, has experienced a declining trend since 1985. North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and Arctic Oscillation (AO) indices showed strong correlations with average annual temperature (R = ?0.6) and smaller correlations with annual total precipitation (R = ?0.2). There are moderate correlations between temperature, precipitation, and Southern-Oscillation Index (SOI). The positive phases of Pacific-North American (PNA) led to increased winter and spring precipitation. The climate mode’s influential strength on Godthab’s temperature and precipitation, vary seasonally. In contrast with global average temperatures, Greenland has not experienced a continual warming trend since the 1950s;30- and 10-year trends show a cooling period between 1965 and 1995. From 1866 to 2011, Godthab’s average annual temperature has increased by 1.9?c, and is anticipated to continue to warm in accordance with the global warming trend and the Arctic’s associated feedback mechanisms.

关键词： Godthab (Greenland) climate Modes Teleconnections climate change climate Variability ENSO NAO AO PNA

Structural integrity and damage of ZrB_(2) ceramics after 4 MeV Au ions irradiation

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第13期72卷 223-230页

作者： Weichao Bao stuart Robertson Jia-Wei Zhao Ji-Xuan Liu Houzheng Wu Guo-Jun Zhang Fangfang Xu State Key Laboratory of High Performance ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of CeramicsShanghai 200050China State Key Laboratory for Modification of chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials Institute of Functional MaterialsDonghua UniversityShanghai 201620China Department of Materials Loughborough UniversityLeicestershire LE113TUUnited Kingdom

Ultra-high temperature ceramics have been considered as good candidates for plasma facing materials due to their combination of high melting point,high strength and hardness,high thermal conductivity as well as good chemical *** this study,zirconium diboride has been chosen to investigate its irradiation damage *** by 4 MeV Au^(2+)with a total fluence of 2.5×10^(16)cm^(-2),zirconium diboride ceramic shows substantial resilience to irradiation-induced damage with its structural integrity well maintained but mild damage at lattice *** incident X-ray diffraction evidences no change of the hexagonal structure in the irradiated region but its lattice parameter a increased and c decreased,giving a volume shrinkage of 0.46%.Density functional theory calculation shows that such lattice shrinkage corresponds to a non-stoichiometric compound as *** energy-loss spectroscopy in a transmission electron microscope revealed an increase of valence electrons in zirconium,suggesting boron vacancies were indeed developed by the *** ng the irradiation depth,long dislocations were observed inside top layer with a depth of 750 nm where the implanted Au ions reached the peak *** the top layer,a high density of Frank dislocations is formed by the cascade collision down to a depth of 1150 *** the features show the potential of ZrB_(2) to be used as structural material in nuclear system.

关键词： Zirconium diboride Heavy ion irradiation Boron vacancy Dislocation Structure integration

The performance of the Noblesse multi-collector noble gas mass spectrometer for ^(40)Ar/^(39)Ar geochronology

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Acta Geochimica 2018年第5期37卷 734-745页

作者： Defeng He Finlay M.stuart Dan N.Barfod Fang Xiao Hong Zhong State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Isotope Geoscience Unit Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre NERc Argon Isotope Facility Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre

Noblesse multi-collector noble gas mass spec- trometer is specially designed for multi-collection of Ar isotopes with different beam sizes, especially for small ion beams, precisely, and hence is perfectly suitable for ^40Ar/^39Ar geochronology. We have analyzed widely used sanidine, muscovite, and biotite standards with recom- mended ages of - 1.2-133 Ma, with the aim to assess the reliability of Noblesse for ^40Ar/^39Ar dating. An ESI MIR10 30W cO2 laser was used for total fusion or incremental heating samples. Extracted gases were routinely purified by four SAES NP10 getters （one at - 400 ℃ and others at room temperature）. A GP50 getter and a metal cold finger cooled by liquid N （- 196 ℃） were also attached for additional purification if necessary. The Ar isotopes were then measured by Noblesse using Faraday or multiplier according to the signal intensities. Over a period of 1.5 months 337 air calibrations produced a weighted mean ^40Ar/^36Ar of 296.50 ± 0.08 （2σ, MSWD = 4.77）. Fish canyon sanidine is used to calculate J-values, which show good linear relationship with position in irradiation. The age of four mineral standards （Alder creek sanidine, Brione muscovite, Yabachi sanidine, and Fangshan biotite） are within error of the accepted ages. Five Alder creek sanidine aliquots yielded an age range of 1.174-1.181 ± 0.013 Ma （2σ） which broadly overlaps the established age of the standard and the uncertainty approaches those of the foremost Ar/Ar laboratories in the world. The weighted mean ages of four Brione muscovite aliquots （18.75 i 0.16 Ma, 2σ）, five Yabachi sanidine aliquots （29.50 ± 0.19 Ma, 2σ）, and three Fangshan bio- tite aliquots （133.0 ± 0.76 Ma, 2σ） are consistent with the recommended values of these standards, and the uncer- tainties are typical of modem Ar/Ar laboratories world- wide.

关键词： Ar/Ar geochronology Multi-collector Highprecision Noblesse Age standard

Population physical activity legacy from major sports events:The contribution of behavior change science

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第2期12卷 212-215页

作者： stuart J.H.Biddle Martin S.Hagger Sami Kokko Montse cRuiz Taru Lintunen Keegan Knittle Faculty of Sport&Health Sciences University of JyväskyläJyväskyläFI-40014Finland centre for Health Research University of Southern QueenslandSpringfield CentralQLD 4300Australia Department of Psychological Sciences University of CaliforniaMercedCA 95343USA

In a commentary paper in the Journal of Sport and Health Science,world-renowned physical activity researchers,Barbara Ainsworth and James Sallis,discussed the opportunities arising from the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games for increasing physical activity in youth.1 Moreover,a clarion call from the Asia-Pacific Society for Physical Activity has been made concerning the physical activity legacy that could arise from the 2032 Olympic and Paralympic Games in Brisbane,Australia(see:ASPA vision for Olympic legacy-ASPA(***)).

关键词： concerning Population behavior

New solutions for combatting implant bacterial infection based on silver nano-dispersed and gallium incorporated phosphate bioactive glass sputtered films:A preliminary study

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第2期7卷 325-340页

作者： B.W.stuart G.E.Stan A.c.Popa M.J.carrington I.Zgura M.Necsulescu D.M.Grant m.grantadvanced materials research group faculty of engineeringuniversity of nottinghamnottinghamng72rduk national institute of materials physics magurelero077125romania army centre for medical research bucharestro010195romania

Ag/Ga were incorporated into resorbable orthopaedic phosphate bioactive glasses(PBG,containing P,ca,Mg,Na,and Fe)thin films to demonstrate their potential to limit growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in post-operative prosthetic *** target consecutive co-sputtering was uniquely employed to produce a 46 nm Ag:PBG composite observed by high resolution TEM to consist of uniformly dispersed~5 nm metallic Ag nano-particles in a glass ***^(3+)was integrated into a phosphate glass preform target which was magnetron sputtered to film thicknesses of~400 or 1400 *** coatings exhibited high surface energy of 75.4-77.3 mN/m,attributed to the presence of hydrolytic P-O-P structural surface *** profiles obtained in deionized water,nutrient broth and cell culture medium showed varying ion release profiles,whereby Ga release was measured in 1400 nm coating by IcP-MS to be~6,27,and 4 ppm respectively,fully dissolving by 24 *** of Ag nanoparticles was only observed in nutrient broth(~9 ppm by 24 h).Quantification of colony forming units after 24 h showed encouraging antibacterial efficacy towards both ***(4-log reduction for Ag:PBG and 6-log reduction for Ga-PBG≈1400 nm)and ***(5-log reduction for all physical vapour deposited layers)*** Hs27 fibroblast and mesenchymal stem cell line in vitro tests indicated good cytocompatibility for all sputtered layers,with a marginal cell proliferation inertia in the case of the Ag:PBG composite thin *** study therefore highlights the(i)significant manufacturing development via the controlled inclusion of metallic nanoparticles into a PBG glass matrix by dual consecutive target co-sputtering and(ii)potential of PBG resorbable thin-film structures to incorporate and release cytocompatible/antibacterial *** architectures showed prospective bio-functional performance for a future generation of endo-osseous implant-type coatings.

关键词： Phosphate bioactive glass Silver Gallium Antibacterial Implant coating Magnetron sputtering

In Vivo Phosphorylation Site Mapping and Functional characterization of Arabidopsis Phototropin 1

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Molecular Plant 2008年第1期1卷 178-194页

作者： stuart Sullivan catriona E. Thomson Douglas J. Lamont Matthew A. Jones John M. christie Plant Science Group Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences University of Glasgow. University Avenue. Glasgow Scotland UK FingerPrints Proteomics Facility Post-Genomics and Molecular Interactions Centre. School of Life Sciences MSI/WTB/CIR Complex University of Dundee. Dundee Scotland UK

Phototropins （phot1 and phot2） are blue-light receptor kinases controlling a range of responses that optimize the photosynthetic efficiency of plants. Light sensing is mediated by two flavin-binding motifs, known as LOVl and LOV2, located within the N-terminal region of the protein. Photoexcitation via LOV2 leads to activation of the c-terminal kinase domain and consequently receptor autophosphorylation. However, knowledge of the in-vivo phosphorylation sites for Arabidopsis phototropins is lacking and has impeded progress in elucidating the functional significance of receptor phos- phorylation. We have purified photl from Arabidopsis and identified the in-vivo sites of receptor phosphorylation by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Arabidopsis-derived photl binds flavin mononucleotide as chromophore and is phosphorylated at four major sites located upstream of LOV2 （Ser^58, Ser^85, Ser^350, and Ser^410）, three of which are induced by blue light. Nevertheless, structure-function analysis indicates that the biological activity of photl can be attributed to a modular unit comprising the LOV2-kinase region of the protein. Thus, peptide regions upstream of LOV2, including the sites of receptor phosphorylation identified here, do not appear to be important for receptor signaling. By contrast, these regions may be necessary for maximizing stomatal performance and possibly light-induced relocalization of photl.

关键词： Phototropins (phot1 and phot2) lavin-binding motifs

MoS_(2) on topological insulator Bi_(2)Te_(3) thin films:Activation of the basal plane for hydrogen reduction

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2021年第11期30卷 516-522,I0012页

作者： Guowei Lia Jue Huang Qun Yang Liguo Zhang Qingge Mu Yan Sun stuart Parkin Kai chang claudia Felser Max Planck Institute for chemical Physics of Solids 01187 DresdenGermany Max Planck Institute for Microstructure Physics 06120 HalleGermany Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences 100193 BeijingChina

2H-MoS_(2) is a well-studied and promising non-noble metal electrocatalyst for heterogeneous reactions,such as the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).The performance is largely limited by the chemically inert basal plane,which is unfavorable for surface adsorption and ***,we report a facile method to boost the HER activities of 2H-MoS_(2) by coupling with epitaxial Bi2Te3 topological insulator *** as-obtained MoS_(2)/Bi2Te3/SrTiO3 catalyst exhibits prominent HER catalytic activities compared to that of pure MoS_(2) structures,with a 189 mV decrease in the overpotential required to reach a current density of 10 mA cm^(−2) and a low Tafel slope of 58 mV dec−*** investigations suggest that the enhanced catalytic activity originates from the charge redistribution at the interface between the Bi2Te3topological insulator films and the MoS_(2) *** delocalized sp-derived topological surface states could denote electrons to the MoS_(2) layer and activate the basal plane for hydrogen *** study demonstrates the potential of manipulating topological surface states to design high-performance electrocatalysts.

关键词： MoS_(2) Topological insulator Hydrogen evolution Surface states Electron transfer

利用强子探针研究奇特原子核的点质子分布半径及强子探针效应

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Science Bulletin 2024年第11期69卷 1647-1652页

作者：张寂潮孙保华 Isao Tanihata Rituparna Kanungo christoph Scheidenberger Satoru Terashima 王枫 Frederic Ameil Joel Atkinson Yassid Ayyad Soumya Bagchi Dolores cortina-Gil Iris Dillmann Alfredo Estradé Alexey Evdokimov Fabio Farinon Hans Geissel Giulia Guastalla Rudolf Janik Satbir Kaur Ronja Knöbel Jan Kurcewicz Yury Litvinov Michele Marta Magdalena Mostazo Ivan Mukha chiara Nociforo Hooi Jin Ong Stephane Pietri Andrej Prochazka Branislav Sitar Peter Strmen Maya Takechi Junki Tanaka Jossitt Vargas Helmut Weick John stuart Winfield School of Physics Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Research center for Nuclear Physics(RcNP) Osaka UniversityOsaka 567-0047Japan Astronomy and Physics Department Saint Mary’s UniversityHalifax B3H 3C3Canada TRIUMF Vancouver V6T 4A3Canada GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung Darmstadt D-64291Germany Justus-Liebig University Gießn 35392Germany Helmholtz Research Academy Hesse for FAIR(HFHF) GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion ResearchGießn 35392Germany Universidad de Santiago de compostela Santiago de Compostella E-15706Spain Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology(Indian School of Mines)Dhanbad 826004India Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Comenius UniversityBratislava 84215Slovakia Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science Dalhousie UniversityHalifax B3H 4R2Canada

We report the charge-changing cross sections(σ_(cc))of 24 p-shell nuclides on both hydrogen and carbon at about 900A MeV,of which^(8,9)Li,^(10–12)Be,^(10,14,15)B,^(14,15,17–22)N and^(16)O on hydrogen and^(8,9)Li on carbon are for the first *** from the data set,we found a new and robust relationship between the scaling factor of the Glauber model calculations and the separation energies of the nuclei of interest on both *** allows us to deduce proton radii(R_p)for the first time from the cross sections on *** identical R_p values are deduced from both target data for the neutron-rich carbon isotopes;however,the R_p from the hydrogen target is systematically smaller in the neutron-rich nitrogen *** calls for further experimental and theoretical investigations.

关键词： Exotic nuclei Nuclear size Reaction cross section Glauber model Radioactive ion beam

The effect of particle size on the pollution reduction potential of a South African coal-derived low-smoke fuel

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能源地球科学(英文) 2020年第3期1卷 165-173页

作者： Lungile Sumbane-Prinsloo John Bunt Ratale Matjie stuart Piketh Hein Neomagus Frans Waanders centre of Excellence in carbon-based Fuels Faculty of EngineeringNorth West UniversityPotchefstroom2520South Africa climate Research Group School of Geo-and Spatial ScienceNorth West UniversityPotchefstroom2520South Africa

The coal combustion in cast-iron stoves leads to health hazards and air *** this study the cO,SO2,NOx,PM and VOc emission concentrations were measured whilst combusting four fuel particle sizes(15,20,30,and 40 mm)as well as a composite of the sizes(all pre-devolatilized at a temperature of 550c)in a cast-iron *** results were compared to their raw coal analogues to evaluate the emission performance of each fuel *** factors for NOx and SO2 were found to depend on the fuel nitrogen and sulphur contents in the coal and the combustion conditions used during *** PM,SO2 and VOc emissions show a strong dependence on the ash percentage and volatile matter yields,which both increased with increasing particle *** addition,the PM,SO2 and VOc missions were found to only depend on particle size on a mechanistic *** VOcs and PM emission factors are inversely correlated with particle *** results from this study offer insight into the combustion environment in the Falkirk Union No 7 cast-iron stove as well as how this environment applies to low smoke *** work contributes to the emission and performance inventories from South African domestic coal combustion in this stove used in informal settlements.

关键词： coal combustion Low-smoke fuel Emissions Particle size cast-iron stove

The influence of particle size on the thermal performance of coal and its derived char in a Union stove

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Energy Geoscience 2021年第2期2卷 148-159页

作者： Lungile Sumbane-Prinsloo John Bunt stuart Piketh Hein Neomagus Frans Waanders Ratale Matjie centre of Excellence in carbon-based Fuels Faculty of EngineeringNorth West UniversityPotchefstroom2520South Africa climate Research Group School of Geo-and Spatial ScienceNorth West UniversityPotchefstroom2520South Africa

For low-income communities in South Africa,coal is the most common solid fuel which is burnt in a variety of devices,including imbaulas and cast-iron *** present work was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of the fuel particle size on the performance of coal,typically sourced in low-income households in townships in South Africa,and to subsequently compare the performance with a feed char of a common cast iron *** fuel particle sizes of 15,20,30,and 40 mm,as well as a composite of the sizes were tested at 550c,against their untreated coal analogues to evaluate the thermal performance of each *** thermal performance assessment metrics are ignition time,water boiling time,heat transfer and combustion efficiencies,while cO and cO_(2)emissions were measured for the calculations of cO/cO_(2)*** times were found to decrease from coals to chars and to decrease with increasing particle *** effects of fuel type on the water boiling time were only observed in the later stages of the burn cycle,with the char boiling a 2 L batch of water in an average 24 min,while the coals reported an average boiling time of 20 *** transfer efficiencies showed no significant variation with fuel type or particle size,with the average efficiency for the coals and that of the chars being around 66%.The fuels’performance was better gauged by the combustion efficiency,which was found to improve marginally from the coal fuels to the chars,and to increase with increasing particle *** from this testwork could contribute to the performance inventories from the combustion of domestic coal mined in South Africa in a typical cast iron stove which is used in informal settlements.

关键词： coal and its derived char combustion Heterogeneous testing protocol Efficiency Particle size cast-iron stove