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Kelulut honey ameliorates glucocorticoid induced osteoporosis via its antioxidant activity in rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2019年第12期9卷 493-500页

作者： Mohd Amir Kamaruzzaman amardev thanu Mohd Rafizul Yusof Ima Nirwana Soelaiman Elvy Suhana Ramli Department of Anatomy Faculty of MedicineUKM Medical CentreCanselor Tuanku Mukhriz HospitalJalan Yaacob Latiff56000CherasKuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Pharmacology Faculty of MedicineUKM Medical CentreCanselor Tuanku Mukhriz HospitalJalan Yaacob Latiff56000CherasKuala LumpurMalaysia

Objective:To explore the effects of kelulut honey on bone structure and histomorphometry against glucocorticoid-induced ***:Thirty-five male rats were used(n=7).Twenty-eight adrenalectomized rats were divided into four groups;each group was given normal saline 0.9%(negative control),calcium water(positive control),kelulut honey(200 mg/kg/day and 400 mg/kg/day,respectively)treatment,*** of them were administered with intramuscular injection of dexamethasone(120μg/kg/day)to induce *** sham operated rats were given vehicle palm olein 0.05 mL/100 g/day by intramuscular injection and 0.1 mL/kg/day *** the treatments were given daily for 2 *** peroxidation and oxidative stress enzymes were *** addition,bone structural and histomorphometry analyses were also ***:Two-month glucocorticoid treatment increased the level of malondialdehyde and decreased superoxide dismutase *** significant changes were found in the activities of catalase and glutathion *** volume/tissue volume and trabecular number were significantly reduced while trabecular separation of the femoral bones was increased which corresponded to the decreased number of osteoblast surface after two months of receiving glucocorticoid *** honey treatment restored the level of superoxide dismutase and reduced malondialdehyde significantly(P<0.05).Moreover,kelulut honey increased bone volume/tissue volume,trabecular number and decreased trabecular separation significantly(P<0.05),which were further confirmed by increased osteoblast surface and decreased osteoclast surface number(P<0.05).Conclusions:Kelulut honey may have potential bone protective effect,and may be a prophylaxis against glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.

关键词： Kelulut honey Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis Oxidative stress Antioxidant Bone structure Histomorphometry Male rats

Three-Stage Transfer Learning with AlexNet50 for MRI Image Multi-Class Classification with Optimal Learning Rate

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 155-183页

作者： Suganya Athisayamani A.Robert singh Gyanendra Prasad Joshi Woong Cho School of Computing Sastra Deemed to be UniversityThanjavur613401India Department of Computational Intelligence SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyKattankulathur603203India Department of AI and Software Engineering Kangwon National UniversitySamcheok25913Republic of Korea Department of Electronics Information and Communication EngineeringKangwon National UniversitySamcheok25913Republic of Korea

In radiology,magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)is an essential diagnostic tool that provides detailed images of a patient’s anatomical and physiological *** is particularly effective for detecting soft tissue ***,radiologists manually interpret these images,which can be labor-intensive and time-consuming due to the vast amount of *** address this challenge,machine learning,and deep learning approaches can be utilized to improve the accuracy and efficiency of anomaly detection in MRI *** manuscript presents the use of the Deep AlexNet50 model for MRI classification with discriminative learning *** are three stages for learning;in the first stage,the whole dataset is used to learn the *** the second stage,some layers of AlexNet50 are frozen with an augmented dataset,and in the third stage,AlexNet50 with an augmented dataset with the augmented *** method used three publicly available MRI classification datasets:Harvard whole brain atlas(HWBA-dataset),the School of Biomedical Engineering of Southern Medical University(SMU-dataset),and The National Institute of Neuroscience and Hospitals brain MRI dataset(NINS-dataset)for *** hyperparameter optimizers like Adam,stochastic gradient descent(SGD),Root mean square propagation(RMS prop),Adamax,and AdamW have been used to compare the performance of the learning ***-dataset registers maximum classification *** evaluated the performance of the proposed classification model using several quantitative metrics,achieving an average accuracy of 98%.

关键词： MRI tumors classification AlexNet50 transfer learning hyperparameter tuning optimizer

Multi-Scale Dilated Convolution Network for SPECT-MPI Cardiovascular Disease Classification with Adaptive Denoising and Attenuation Correction

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 299-327页

作者： A.Robert singh Suganya Athisayamani Gyanendra Prasad Joshi Bhanu Shrestha Department of Computational Intelligence SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyKattankulathur603203Tamil NaduIndia School of Computing Sastra Deemed to be UniversityThanjavur613401Tamil NaduIndia Department of Artificial Intelligence&Software Kangwon National UniversitySamcheok25913Republic of Korea Department of Information Convergence System Graduate School of Smart ConvergenceKwangwoon UniversitySeoul01897Republic of Korea

Myocardial perfusion imaging(MPI),which uses single-photon emission computed tomography(SPECT),is a well-known estimating tool for medical diagnosis,employing the classification of images to show situations in coronary artery disease(CAD).The automatic classification of SPECT images for different techniques has achieved near-optimal accuracy when using convolutional neural networks(CNNs).This paper uses a SPECT classification framework with three steps:1)Image denoising,2)Attenuation correction,and 3)Image *** denoising is done by a U-Net architecture that ensures effective image *** correction is implemented by a convolution neural network model that can remove the attenuation that affects the feature extraction process of ***,a novel multi-scale diluted convolution(MSDC)network is *** merges the features extracted in different scales and makes the model learn the features more *** scales of filters with size 3×3 are used to extract *** three steps are compared with state-of-the-art *** proposed denoising architecture ensures a high-quality image with the highest peak signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR)value of *** proposed classification method is compared with the five different CNN models,and the proposed method ensures better classification with an accuracy of 96%,precision of 87%,sensitivity of 87%,specificity of 89%,and F1-score of 87%.To demonstrate the importance of preprocessing,the classification model was analyzed without denoising and attenuation correction.

关键词： SPECT-MPI CAD MSDC denoising attenuation correction classification

Exploring the role of N-acetyltransferases in diseases:a focus on N-acetyltransferase 9 in neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2862-2871页

作者： Prajakta Deshpande Anuradha Venkatakrishnan Chimata Amit singh Department of Biology University of DaytonDaytonOHUSA Premedical Program University of DaytonDaytonOHUSA Center for Tissue Regeneration and Engineering at Dayton(TREND) University of DaytonDaytonOHUSA Integrative Science and Engineering Center University of DaytonDaytonOHUSA Center for Genomic Advocacy(TCGA) Indiana State UniversityTerre HauteINUSA

Acetyltransferases,required to transfer an acetyl group on protein are highly conserved proteins that play a crucial role in development and *** acetylation is a common post-translational modification pivotal to basic cellular *** to 80%-90%of proteins are acetylated during translation,which is an irreversible process that affects protein structure,function,life,and *** this review,we have discussed the various N-acetyltransferases present in humans,their function,and how they might play a role in ***,we have focused on N-acetyltransferase 9 and its role in microtubule *** have shed light on how N-acetyltransferase 9 and acetylation of proteins can potentially play a role in neurodegenerative *** have specifically discussed the N-acetyltransferase 9-acetylation independent function and regulation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling and microtubule stability during development and neurodegeneration.

关键词： acetyl-coenzyme A Alzheimer’s disease animal models cell death drosophila eye human disease c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling N-Acetyltransferases N-acetyltransferase 9 neurodegeneration

Fibrinogen’s potential role in connecting cerebrovascular abnormalities with glymphatic dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 203-204页

作者： Vishal singh Arnab Choudhury Hyung Jin Ahn Department of Pharmacology Physiology and NeurosciencesRutgers-New Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkNJUSA Brain Health Institute Rutgers UniversityPiscatawayNJUSA

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)stands out as the primary manifestation of age-related dementia,portraying a chronic neurodegenerative disorder distinguished by the accumulation of fibrillar amyloid-β(Aβ)plaques and neurofibrillary tangles of hyperphosphorylated ***,from a clinical standpoint,AD presents itself as a complex condition with a spectrum of dysfunctions rather than a singular pathological *** often-overlooked aspect of the disease is the presence of extensive cerebrovascular abnormalities,given that the majority of AD patients experience altered cerebral blood flow,damaged vasculature,increased microinfarcts and *** models of AD further support this observation,showing cerebrovascular dysfunction such as impaired cerebral blood flow and altered cerebrovascular reactivity(Tataryn et al.,2021;Gareau et al.,2023).

关键词： cerebrovascular dysfunction Alzheimer

Effects of gadolinium addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg–9Al alloy

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2017年第8期24卷 901-908页

作者： Lavish Kumar singh Alok Bhadauria Amirthalingam Srinivasan Uma thanu Subramonia Pillai Bellambettu Chandrasekhara Pai Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Materials Science and Technology Division National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology

This research aims to study the significance of Gd addition(0wt%–2wt%) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg–9Al alloy. The effect of Gd addition on the microstructure was investigated via X-ray diffraction(XRD), optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy(SEM), and transmission electron microscopy(TEM). The Mg–9Al alloy contained two phases, α-Mg and β-Mg_(17)Al_(12). Alloying with Gd led to the emergence of a new rectangular-shaped phase, Al_2Gd. The grain size also decreased marginally upon Gd addition. The ultimate tensile strength and microhardness of Mg–9Al alloy increased by 23% and 19%, respectively, upon 1.5wt% Gd addition. We observed that, although Mg–9Al–2.0Gd alloy exhibited the smallest grain size(181 μm) and the highest dislocation density(5.1 × 10^(10) m^(-2)) among the investigated compositions, the Mg–9Al–1.5Gd alloy displayed the best mechanical properties. This anomalous behavior was observed because the Al_2Gd phase was uniformly distributed and present in abundance in Mg–9Al–1.5Gd alloy, whereas it was coarsened and asymmetrically conglomerated in Mg–9Al–2.0Gd.

关键词： magnesium rare earth alloying gadolinium microstructure mechanical properties

Microstructure and mechanical properties of gadolinium-and misch metal-added Mg-Al alloy

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Rare Metals 2022年第9期41卷 3205-3213页

作者： Lavish Kumar singh Prince Joseph Amirthalingam Srinivasan Uma thanu Subramonia Pillai Bellambettu Chandrasekhara Pai Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Technology KharagpurKharagpur721301India Materials Science and Technology Division National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and TechnologyTrivandrum695001India

The study investigates the effects of individual and combined additions of gadolinium(Gd)and misch metal(MM)on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-4Al and Mg-9Al *** results show that the additions significantly alter the microstructure and grain size of the base ***-4Al based alloys have globular morphology,whereas Mg-9Al based alloys have dendritic *** addition of alloying elements,Gd and MM,introduces rectangular-shaped Al_(2)Gd phase and needle-shaped Al_(11)RE_(3) phase,*** best mechanical properties at room temperature are shown by Mg-9Al-2Gd alloy with tensile strength and elongation of 214 MPa and 6.0%,respectively,whereas Mg-4Al-2Gd alloy exhibits the best properties at elevated temperature(150℃)with tensile strength and elongation of 172 MPa and 14.0%,*** study also reports the microhardness value of different phases along with the cast *** Mg_(17)Al_(12) phase shows the highest hardness(VHN 92)followed by lamellar Mg17Al12(VHN 83)andα-Mg matrix(VHN 68).

关键词： Rare earth Gadolinium Alloying Microstructure Mechanical properties

Insights into gastrointestinal manifestation of human immunodeficiency virus:A narrative review

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World Journal of Virology 2025年第1期14卷 51-62页

作者： Pratiksha Moliya Anmol singh Navdeep singh Vikash Kumar Aalam Sohal Department of Transplant Hepatology University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 69198United States Department of Medicine Tristar Centennial Medical CenterNashvilleTN 37203United States Department of Medicine Government Medical CollegeAmritsar 143001PunjabIndia Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Creighton University School of MedicinePhoenixAZ 85012United States

Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)modifies CD4-positive cells,resulting in immunodeficiency and a wide range of gastrointestinal(GI)*** burden of HIV-related GI illnesses has significantly evolved with the widespread use of antiretroviral therapy(ART).While ART has effectively reduced the occurrence of opportunistic infections,it has led to an increase in therapy-related GI *** esophageal conditions in HIV patients include gastroesophageal reflux disease,idiopathic esophageal ulcers,herpes simplex virus,cytomegalovirus(CMV),and candidal ***’s sarcoma,a hallmark of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome,may affect the entire GI *** and peptic ulcer disease are also frequently seen in patients with ***,often linked to both opportunistic infections and ART,requires careful *** diarrhea,often a sign of colitis caused by bacterial infections such as Shigella or Clostridium difficile,is *** bowel lymphoma,although rare,is increasing in *** disorders,including proctitis,fissures,and anal squamous cell carcinoma,are particularly relevant in homosexual men,underlining the importance of timely *** review comprehensively explores the epidemiology,pathogenesis,and treatment considerations for the various GI disorders associated with HIV,highlighting the importance of accurate diagnosis and effective treatment to improve outcomes for HIV-infected patients.

关键词： Human immunodeficiency virus Opportunistic infections Antiretroviral treatment Gastrointestinal

Synthetic data as an investigative tool in hypertension and renal diseases research

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World Journal of Methodology 2025年第1期15卷 9-13页

作者： Aleena Jamal Som singh Fawad Qureshi Sidney Kimmel Medical College Thomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19107United States School of Medicine University of Missouri Kansas CityKansasMO 64106United States Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States

There is a growing body of clinical research on the utility of synthetic data derivatives,an emerging research tool in *** nephrology,clinicians can use machine learning and artificial intelligence as powerful aids in their clinical decision-making while also preserving patient *** is especially important given the epidemiology of chronic kidney disease,renal oncology,and hypertension ***,there remains a need to create a framework for guidance regarding how to better utilize synthetic data as a practical application in this research.

关键词： Synthetic data Artificial intelligence Nephrology Blood pressure Research Editorial