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Tracheal relaxation of five medicinal plants used in Mexico for the treatment of several diseases

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2014年第3期7卷 179-183页

作者： amanda snchez-recillas Paul Mantecón-Reyes Patricia Castillo-Espaa Rafael Villalobos-Molina Maximiliano Ibarra-Barajas samuel Estrada-soto Facultad de Farmacia Universidad Autonoma del Estado de MorelosAvenida Universidad 1001.Col.ChamilpaCuernavacaMorelos 62209México Centro de Investigación en Riotecnología Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos.Avenida Universidad 1001Col.ChamilpaCuernavacaMorelos 62209México Unidad de Biomedicina Facultad de Estudios Superiores IztacalaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoTlalnepantlaEstudo de Mexico 54090México

Objective:To assess the relaxant effect of several organic extracts obtained from Agastache mexicana(***),Cochlospermum vitifolium(***),Cordia morelosana(***),Lepechinia caulescens(***)and Talauma mexicana(71 mexicana)used in Mexican traditional medicine for the treatment of several ***:Extracts were obtained by maceration at room temperature using hexane,dicliloromethane and methanol for each plant *** organic extracts were evaluated ex vivo to determine their relaxant activity on the contractions induced by carbaehol(cholinergic receptor agonist,1μmol/L in isolated rat tracheal ***:A total of 15 extracts were evaluated(three for each species).All test samples showed significant relaxant effect,in a concentration-dependent manner,on the contractions induced by 1μmol/L carbachol,with exception of extracts from *** extracts were less potent than theophylline[phosphodiesterase inhibitor,EC_(50):(28.79±0.82)μg/mL]that was used as positive ***-response curves revealed that the extracts with more significant effects were dichloromethanic extracts of ***[E_(max):(103.03±3.32)%and EC_(50):(159.39±3.72)μg/mL)and ***[Emax:(106.58±2.42)%and EC_(50):(219.54±7.61)μg/mL].Finally,hexanic and dichloromethanic extracts from *** were fully effective but less potent than ***,and ***:Less polar extracts obtained from ***,71 mexicana and *** exhibited greater relaxant effect on tracheal rat rings,which allows us to suggest them as sources for the isolation of bioactive molecules with potential therapeutic value in the treatment of asthma.

关键词： Asthma Mexican medicinal plants Trachea Relaxant effect

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Understanding root-zone soil moisture in agricultural regions of Central Mexico using the ensemble Kalman filter,satellite-derived information,and the THEXMEX-18 dataset

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2022年第1期15卷 52-78页

作者： Héctor Ernesto Huerta-Bátiz Daniel Enrique Constantino-recillas Alejandro Monsiváis-Huertero Juan Carlos Hernández-sánchez Jasmeet Judge Ramón sidonio Aparicio-García Escuela superior de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica Unidad Ticomán Instituto Politécnico NacionalMexico CityMexico Escuela superior de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica Unidad Zacatenco Instituto Politécnico NacionalMexico CityMexico Tecnológico Nacional de México-TEsE EcatepecMexico Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA

An Ensemble Kalman Filter(EnKF)-based assimilation algorithm was implemented to estimate root-zone soil moisture(RZsM)using a soil-Vegetation-Atmosphere Transfer(sVAT)model during a complete growing season of corn in Central *** and field soil moisture(sM)observations and NAsA sMAP sM retrievals were used to understand the effect of vertically spatial updates and uncertainties in meteorological forcings on RZsM *** of RZsM every 3 days using sM observations at 4 depths lowered the averaged standard deviation(AsD)and the root mean square error(RMsE)by 60%and 50%,respectively,compared to the open-loop *** assimilation of synthetic sM at the top 0-5 cm obtained RZsM closer to observations compared to THEXMEX-18 sM measurements and sMAP sM *** between EnKF estimates and sM observations and sMAP sM retrievals are mainly due to misrepresentation of vegetation *** results improved sM estimates up to 10-cm depth using sMAP sM retrievals;however,additional studies are needed to improve sM at deeper *** implemented methodology can estimate sM at the top 10 cm of the soil every 3 days to mitigate the impact of the climate change on agricultural production over rainfed areas,particularly in developing countries.

关键词： Root-zone soil moisture sVAT model ensemble kalman filter soil moisture active-Passive(sMAP)mission agricultural region THEXMEX-18 central Mexico

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