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Antigen-specific mRNA lipid nanoparticle platforms for the prevention and treatment of allergy and autoimmune diseases

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BMEMat(BioMedical Engineering Materials) 2024年第2期2卷 61-68页

作者： Emma Y.Yim amanda c.zhou Yvonne c.Yim Xiang Wang Tian Xia Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental BiologyUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesUSA Department of Bioengineering University of CaliforniaLos AngelesUSA Department of chemistry and Biochemistry University of CaliforniaLos AngelesUSA Division of NanoMedicine Department of MedicineCenter for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology(UC CEIN)California NanoSystems InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesUSA

While most nanomedicines primarily aim to stimulate the immune system against infections or tumors,there is a growing demand for inducing immune tolerance under certain conditions,such as allergic and autoimmune *** have explored nanotechnology-based strategies to induce immune tolerance in a targeted and specific *** approach involves the use of nanoparticles(NPs)to encapsulate immunosuppressive drugs and/or antigens to educate naïve T cells and promote the generation of antigen-specific regulatory T cells that inhibit immune ***,this approach has certain *** hydrophobicity of proteins or peptides restricts the degree to which they can be encapsulated in NPs,which in turn,affects their loading efficiency and treatment *** the emergence of mRNA lipid nanoparticle(LNP)platforms,there is the possibility of overcoming the limitations of protein and peptide *** date,mRNA LNP systems have been shown to provide organ,cellular,and subcellular targeting for the induction of immune *** method of drug delivery is flexible and scalable that can be customized for a specific patient,resulting in an effective means of administering relevant proteins or epitopes to induce antigen-specific immune *** continued research and development,this technology could offer a safer and more effective alternative to current therapies,ultimately improving the quality of life of patients worldwide.

关键词： allergy autoimmune diseases immune tolerance mRNA lipid nanoparticle nanomedicine

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Tensorial tomographic Fourier ptychography with applications to muscle tissue imaging

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Advanced Photonics 2024年第2期6卷 50-60页

作者： Shiqi Xu Xi Yang Paul Ritter Xiang Dai Kyung chul Lee Lucas Kreiss Kevin c.zhou Kanghyun Kim Amey chaware Jadee Neff carolyn Glass Seung Ah Lee Oliver Friedrich Roarke Horstmeyer Duke University DurhamNorth CarolinaUnited States Friedrich-Alexander University ErlangenGermany Uc San Diego La JollaCaliforniaUnited States Yonsei University SeoulRepublic of Korea Uc Berkeley BerkeleyCaliforniaUnited States Duke University Medical center DurhamNorth CarolinaUnited States

We report tensorial tomographic Fourier ptychography(T^(2)oFu),a nonscanning label-free tomographic microscopy method for simultaneous imaging of quantitative phase and anisotropic specimen information in *** upon Fourier ptychography,a quantitative phase imaging technique,T^(2)oFu additionally highlights the vectorial nature of *** imaging setup consists of a standard microscope equipped with an LED matrix,a polarization generator,and a polarization-sensitive *** tensors of anisotropic samples are computationally recovered from polarized intensity measurements across three *** demonstrate T^(2)oFu’s efficiency through volumetric reconstructions of refractive index,birefringence,and orientation for various validation samples,as well as tissue samples from muscle fibers and diseased heart *** reconstructions of healthy muscle fibers reveal their 3D fine-filament structures with consistent ***,we demonstrate reconstructions of a heart tissue sample that carries important polarization information for detecting cardiac amyloidosis.

关键词： computational imaging three-dimensional imaging phase retrieval microscopy polarization-sensitive imaging labelfree imaging

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The preface: Interplay of topological and magnetic orders in the Mn-Bi-Te family

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 6-7页

作者： Fu-chun Zhang Hai-zhou Lu X.c.Xie Kavli Institute for Theoretical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Physics Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) International center for Quantum Materials School of Physics Peking University

The discovery and synthesis of MnBi2Te4in 2013 initially garnered little attention [1]. Yet, the revelation of its topological properties in 2019 [2–6] sparked a surge of research into the MnBiTe family. These extensive studies are primarily driven by two objectives:the realization of a high-temperature quantum anomalous Hall effect （QAHE） and the exploration of exotic phases born from the interplay of topological and magnetic orders,

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Spatial distributions of soil nutrients affected by land use,topography and their interactions,in the Loess Plateau of china

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International Soil and Water conservation Research 2024年第1期12卷 227-239页

作者： Wenxin zhou changjia Li Wenwu Zhao Lindsay c.Stringer Bojie Fu State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina Institute of Land Surface System and Sustainable Development Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina Department of Environment and Geography University of YorkYorkUK York Environmental Sustainability Institute University of YorkYorkUK

Soil nutrient availability and their spatial distributions are strongly related to land use and landscape *** study aims to address the knowledge gap regarding the interaction between these factors and the underlying *** selected five land uses(grassland with Artemisia gmelinii,woodland with Robinia pseudoacacia,shrubland with caragana korshinskii and Hippophae rhamnoides,and apple orchard with Malus pumila)and nine slope positions across hillslopes in the Loess Plateau,china,to investigate their combined effects on the contents and stocks of soil organic carbon(SOc),total nitrogen(TN)and total phosphorus(TP).Parametric and non-parametric statistical tests were conducted to determine the significant differences in the means or the medians of the soil nutrient *** showed that the SOc and TN contents of shrubland with caragana korshinskii were statistically significantly greater than those of the grassland(pc and TN contents generally decreased from the upper slope to the middle slope,and to the foot slope for the grassland,woodland and shrublands,and on the contrary,an increasing trend from the upper slope,to the middle slope,and to the foot slope was identified for the apple *** study highlights that land use,slope position and their interaction have significant effects on the spatial distributions of soil *** provides essential empirical evidence for the identification of the optimal vegetation type and slope positions in land management and vegetation restoration activities.

关键词： Soil organic carbon Total nitrogen Total phosphorus Slope position Vegetation restoration

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Progress on the antiferromagnetic topological insulator MnBi2Te4

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 33-49页

作者： Shuai Li Tianyu Liu chang Liu Yayu Wang Hai-zhou Lu X.c.Xie Department of Physics Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Physics Southern University of Science and Technology(SUSTech) Quantum Science center of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area(Guangdong) Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Quantum Science and Engineering International Quantum Academy Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials&Micro-Nano Devices Department of Physics Renmin University of China State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics Department of PhysicsTsinghua University Frontier Science center for Quantum Information Hefei National Laboratory International center for Quantum Materials School of Physics Peking University Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum computing Fudan University

Topological materials, which feature robust surface and/or edge states, have now been a research focus in condensed maTher physics. They represent a new class of materials exhibiting nontrivial topological phases,and provide a platform for exploring exotic transport phenomena, such as the quantum anomalous Hall effect and the quantum spin Hall effect. Recently, magnetic topological materials have attracted considerable interests due to the possibility to study the interplay between topological and magnetic *** particular, the quantum anomalous Hall and axion insulator phases can be realized in topological insulators with magnetic order. MnBi2Te4, as the first intrinsic antiferromagnetic topological insulator discovered, allows the examination of existing theoretical predictions; it has been extensively studied, and many new discoveries have been made. Here we review the progress made on MnBi2Te4from both experimental and theoretical aspects. The bulk crystal and magnetic structures are surveyed first, followed by a review of theoretical calculations and experimental probes on the band structure and surface states, and a discussion of various exotic phases that can be realized in MnBi2Te4. The properties of MnBi2Te4thin films and the corresponding transport studies are then reviewed, with an emphasis on the edge state transport. Possible future research directions in this field are also discussed.

关键词： MnBi2Te4 magnetic topological insulator antiferromagnetic quantum anomalous Hall effect axion insulator

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Origin and tectonic setting of low-Si alkaline magma

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Science china Earth Sciences 2024年第5期67卷 1417-1435页

作者： Qiushi zhou Rui WANG State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources and Institute of Earth SciencesChina University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China Frontiers Science center for Deep-time Digital Earth China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China

Despite of the relatively rare occurrence of alkaline igneous rocks on Earth, they are the most diverse group of igneous rocks due to variations in their mineral assemblages and geochemical compositions. Alkaline igneous rocks are generally characterized by Si undersaturation, and K-Na(and in some cases c) enrichment. Although there is no unified alkaline igneous rock classification scheme, diagrams such as total alkalis-SiO_(2) or K_(2)O-SiO_(2) can be used to classify alkaline igneous rocks. The origins of silica-saturated alkaline rocks(SiO_(2)>52 wt.%) are relatively complex because multiple episodes of magmatism are often involved, therefore most studies have focused on the origins of silica-undersaturated alkaline *** experimental petrological studies have been conducted in the past few decades. Initially, it was considered that enrichment of trace elements was only achieved by low-degree partial melting of mantle peridotite, but the experimental melts could not reproduce the geochemical composition of natural alkaline igneous rocks. Subsequent studies have focused on carbonate-bearing eclogites that represent the average component of subducted oceanic crust. Although experimental studies indicate that silica-undersaturated and alkali-oversaturated melts can be generated from eclogites, some studies have considered that natural silica-undersaturated alkaline igneous rocks are the result of multi-stage source enrichment by incompatible elements. Low-degree partial melts of the mantle can be emplaced in the lithospheric mantle, forming veins consisting of phlogopite, amphibole, and pyroxene. Melting experiments including these components show that the produced melts better reproduce the naturally occurring silica-undersaturated alkaline magmas. Silica-deficient alkaline igneous rocks occur in various tectonic settings. Those in intraplate and divergent settings(i.e., mainly continental rifts) normally involve contributions from recycled components su

关键词： Alkaline igneous rock Tectonic setting Petrogenesis Big data

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Effects of lighting conditions and accommodation on the three-dimensional position of Visian implantable collamer lens

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Eye and Vision 2024年第3期10卷 31-40页

作者： Lingling Niu Zhe Zhang Huamao Miao Jing Zhao Xiaoying Wang Ji c.He Xingtao zhou Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry Eye&ENT HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina NHc Key Laboratory of Myopia(Fudan University) ShanghaiChina Key Laboratory of Myopia Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesShanghaiChina Shanghai Research center of Ophthalmology and Optometry ShanghaiChina New England college of Optometry MABostonUSA

Background To investigate the effects of lighting conditions and accommodation on the three-dimensional position of Visian implantable collamer lens(IcL V4c).Methods This observational study recruited 62 eyes of 31 myopia patients underwent IcL V4c *** segment optical coherence tomography(AS-OcT)assessed the anterior chamber depth(AcD),AcD-IcL(distance from the corneal endothelium to anterior surface of the IcL V4c),vault(distance between the posterior IcL V4c surface and anterior crystalline lens surface),and crystalline lens tilt under various lighting conditions and accommodation relative to the corneal topographic axis at one year after IcL V4c *** was defined as the scotopic condition,which was also the non-accommodative stimulus *** IcL V4c tilt was analyzed using *** significance level was set at PcD-IcL values were similar under various lighting conditions(P=0.978)but decreased during accommodation(Pcantly smaller under mesopic and photopic conditions than the baseline(P=0.044 and Pctively)but remained unchanged during accommodation(P=0.058).The inferotemporal proportion of IcL V4c(88.7%,55 eyes)and crystalline lens(74.2%,46 eyes)tilts were not significantly different(P=0.063).crystalline lens under various lighting conditions and accommodation exhibited similar *** vertical tilt of IcL V4c was significantly larger under photopic conditions than the baseline(P=0.038).The horizontal and total tilts were significantly decreased during accommodation(P=0.043 and 0.013,respectively).conclusions The axial position of IcL V4c in the anterior chamber was stable under various lighting *** conditions and accommodation may influence vertical,horizontal and total tilts of IcL V4c.

关键词： Implantable collamer lens Anterior segment optical coherence tomography Myopia Tilt

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competition of composition Fluctuation Modes in Weakly Segregated Salt-doped Symmetric Diblock copolymers

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chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第9期42卷 1375-1385,I0008页

作者： Yuan-Xin zhou Xian Kong South china Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology School of Emergent Soft MatterSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China

Salt-doped block copolymers have widespread applications in batteries,fuel cells,semiconductors,and various industries,where their properties crucially depend on phase separation ***,investigations into salt-doped diblock copolymers have predominantly focused on microphase separation,overlooking the segregation between ionic and polymeric *** study employs weak segregation theory to explore the interplay between phase separation dominated by the polymer-modulated mode and the salt-out-modulated mode,corresponding to microscopic and macroscopic phase separations,*** comparing diblock copolymers doped with salts to those doped with neutral solvents,we elucidate the significant role of charged species in modulating phase *** phase separation mode exhibits a transition between the polymer-modulated and salt-out-modulated modes at different *** systems doped with neutral solvents,this transition is stepwise,while in salt-ion-doped systems,it is *** a sufficiently large Flory-Huggins parameter between ions and polymers,the salt-out-modulated mode becomes dominant,promoting macrophase *** to the solvation effect of salt ions,salt-doped systems are more inclined to undergo microphase ***,we explore factors influencing the critical wavenumber of phase separation,including doping level and the Flory-Huggins parameters between two blocks and between ions and polymeric *** findings reveal that in a neutral solvent environment,these factors alter only the boundary between micro-and macro-phase separations,leaving the critical wavenumber unchanged in microphase separation ***,in a salt-doped environment,the critical wavenumber of microphase separation varies with these *** provides valuable insights into the pivotal role of electrostatics in the phase separation of salt-doped block copolymers.

关键词： Block copolymer Phase separation Field theory Salt-doped

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consecutive narrow and broad quasi-periodic fast-propagating wave trains associated with a flare

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第5期67卷 200-211页

作者： Xinping zhou Yuandeng Shen chengrui zhou Zehao Tang Ahmed Ahmed Ibrahim college of Physics and Electronic Engineering Sichuan Normal UniversityChengdu 610068China State Key Laboratory of Space Weather Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Yunnan Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650216China Department of Physics and Astronomy College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 2455Riyadh 11451Saudi Arabia

The excitation mechanism of coronal quasi-period fast-propagating(QFP)wave trains remains *** Atmospheric Imaging Assembly onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory observations,we study a narrow and a broad QFP wave trains excited one after another during the successive eruptions of filaments hosted within a fan-spine magnetic system on October 20,*** consecutive occurrence of these two types of QFP wave trains in the same event provides an excellent opportunity to explore their excitation mechanisms and compare their physical *** observational results reveal that narrow and broad QFP wave trains exhibit distinct speeds,periods,energy fluxes,and relative intensity amplitudes,although originating from the same active region and being associated with the same GOES c2.9 *** wavelet analysis,we find that the narrow QFP wave train shares a similar period with the flare itself,suggesting its possible excitation through the pulsed energy release in the magnetic reconnection process that generated the accompanying *** the other hand,the broad QFP wave train appears to be associated with the energy pulses released by the successive expansion and unwinding of filament ***,it is plausible that the broad QFP wave train was also excited by the sequential stretching of closed magnetic field lines driven by the erupting *** findings shed light on the different excitation mechanisms and origins of the QFP wave trains.

关键词： narrow wave excitation

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Layer Hall effect induced by hidden Berry curvature in antiferromagnetic insulators

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 15-23页

作者： Rui chen Hai-Peng Sun Mingqiang Gu chun-Bo Hua Qihang Liu Hai-zhou Lu X.c.Xie Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Physics Southern University of Science and Technology(SUSTech) International Quantum Academy Institute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics University of Würzburg School of Electronic and Information Engineering Hubei University of Science and Technology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of computational Science and Material Design Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Quantum Science and Engineering International center for Quantum Materials School of PhysicsPeking University collaborative Innovation center of Quantum Matter cAS center for Excellence in Topological Quantum computation University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

The layer Hall effect describes electrons spontaneously deflected to opposite sides at different layers, which has been experimentally reported in the MnBi2Te4thin films under perpendicular electric fields. Here, we reveal a universal origin of the layer Hall effect in terms of the so-called hidden Berry curvature, as well as material design principles. Hence, it gives rise to zero Berry curvature in momentum space but non-zero layer-locked hidden Berry curvature in real space. We show that, compared to that of a trivial insulator, the layer Hall effect is significantly enhanced in antiferromagnetic topological insulators. Our universal picture provides a paradigm for revealing the hidden physics as a result of the interplay between the global and local symmetries, and can be generalized in various scenarios.

关键词： layerHall effect hidden Berry curvature antiferromagnetic insulator axion insulator, quantum transport

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