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Prevalence of Human Leukocyte Antigen HLA-B*5701 in HIV-1 Infected Individuals in Brazil

Open Journal of Genetics 2014年第1期4卷 56-62页

作者： Claudinéia de Araújo Cristina Valetta de Carvalho Miriam Estela de Souza Freire amanda yamaguti Ivens Cuiabano Scaff Fernando José de Souza Flávia Galindo Silvestre Silva Ricardo Sobhie Diaz Ismael Dale Cotrim Guerreiro da Silva Department of Gynecology Molecular Gynecology Laboratory Federal University of S&atildeo Paulo S&atildeo Paulo Brazil State Department of Health of Mato Grosso Cuiabá Brazil Unirondon University Cuiabá Brazil Infectious Diseases Division Federal University of Mato Grosso Cuiabá Brazil Imunogenetics Laboratory General University Hospital Cuiabá Brazil

This study was designed to establish the prevalence of HLA-B*5701 at HIV-1 infected individuals in Brazil. A total of 517 consecutive individuals were followed in this study from February 2009 through July 2011. The presence of HLA-B*5701 was determined by Nested-PCR with HLA-B*57 and HLA-B*5701 sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP). The expression of HLA-B*57 was negative in the 385 (74.5%) and positive in the 103 (19.9%) of infected individuals. Among these, the expression of HLA-B5701 was positive in the 29 (5.6%) of individuals. No demographic or ethnic differences were found between HLA-B*57/HLA-B*5701 HIV-1 negative patients, with a prevalence of Caucasians (57.1%) individuals. During the period of study, 68 patients were submited to an abacavir contain- ing regimen. The HLA-B*5701 allele was observed in 7 (10.3%) patients, with a significant incidence of Hypersensitivity reactions at 4 of them (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Although Brazilian population consists of a mixture of individuals of Caucasian, African and Native American genetic background, prevalence of HLA-B*5701 in this population is similar to the one found in pure Caucasians.

关键词： Immunogenetics Human Immunodeficiency Virus HLA-B*5701 Antigen Human Abacavir

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Methylprednisolone Pulse Therapy in COVID-19 as the First Choice for Public Health: When Right Timing Breaks Controversies—Emergency Guide

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Open Journal of Emergency Medicine 2021年第3期9卷 84-114页

作者： Luiz Gonzaga Francisco de Assis Barros D’Elia Zanella Daniela Kallíope de Sá Paraskevopoulos Luciana de Lima Galvã o Augusto yamaguti Infectious Disease Department—Hospital do Servidor Público do Estado de Sã o Paulo—HSPE (MI-HSPE) Pedro de Toledo Avenue Vila Clementino S&atilde o Paulo Brazil School of Medicine—University of Sã o Paulo—PhD Program in Allergy and Immunopathology Dr. Arnaldo Avenue S&atilde o Paulo Brazil

Based on Russian and the Middle East corticosteroids trials in MERS-CoV, we performed methylprednisolone pulse therapy (MPT), resulting in a clinical trial still without result. Our previous cohort (not compared n = 18) showed 76% of MPT patients did not progress to orotracheal intubation as MTP blocked the cytokine storm, a lower result compared to Tehran’s study explained by performing MPT in any lung phase. The Middle East study had been carried out during the initial lung phase. We are in an international emergency. Considering previous protocols and clinical practice, we understand that MPT must be used in COVID-19, and the indication to avoid going to the hospital when the first symptoms appear should be changed urgently for the population with inflammatory comorbidities. This article aims to: 1) show the Iranian protocol to reduce deaths and intubations by COVID-19;2) present a possible approach to the patient COVID-19 with methylprednisolone pulse and strict criteria for orotracheal intubation to avoid hypoxemia;3) highlight that there is already a protocol that can be an international guideline-based on the Iranian work for the treatment of COVID-19;and 4) argue that corticosteroids are not controversial, but their use in a period outside the best timing period makes it controversial;and 5) emphasise the urgency of modifying the current protocol that postpones the visit of patients to the hospital in case of symptoms, since late hospital evaluation has been catastrophic for a world population.

关键词： Methylprednisolone COVID-19 Pulse-Therapy Hypoxemia

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Changes in reaction time, coefficient of variance of reaction time, and autonomic nerve function in the mental fatigue state caused by long-term computerized Kraepelin test workload in healthy volunteers

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World Journal of Neuroscience 2012年第2期2卷 113-118页

作者： Daisuke Kuratsune Seiki Tajima Junichi Koizumi Kouzi yamaguti Tetsuya Sasabe Kei Mizuno Masaaki Tanaka Naoko Okawa Hideki Mito Hirokazu Tsubone Yasuyoshi Watanabe Masayasu Inoue Hirohiko Kuratsune Clinical Center for Fatigue Science Graduate School of Medicine Osaka City University Osaka Japan Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pathology Graduate School of Medicine Osaka City University Osaka Japan Department of Comparative Pathophysiology Veterinary Medical Sciences Graduate School of Agricultural & Life Science The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Department of Physiology Graduate School of Medicine Osaka City University Osaka Japan Division of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Yokohama National University Yokohama Japan Faculty of Health Science for Welfare Kansai University of Welfare Sciences Kasiwara Japan Hyogo Children’s sleep and development medical research center Kobe Japan RIKEN Center for Molecular Imaging Science MI R&D Center Kobe Japan

Fatigue is a common sense caused by crushing labor, stressful social events and various illnesses. It is usually judged by their subjective symptoms, but it should be evaluated in an objective perspective. Here we show that the decrease of working efficiency and sympathetic hyperactivity are associated with mental fatigue state caused by prolonged mental workload. Recently we made a new mental fatigue model of healthy volunteers caused by long-term computerized Kraepelin test (CKT) workload. CKT is our new software for automatically checking the calculation capability, with which it is easy to determine the reaction time (RT), coefficient of variance of reaction time (CV), and accuracy of the answers (AC) during tasks. We put 24 healthy volunteers into the fatigue state by subjecting them to 120 minutes’ CKT workload, and then studied the changes in fatigue sensation, RT, CV, and AC before and after the CKT workload. The fatigue sensation, RT, and CV were clearly increased by the fatigue-inducing task and recovered during the resting period. We also studied the changes in autonomic nerve activity by using heart rate variability analysis. The low/high frequency component ratio (LF/HF) was signifi-cantly increased by the fatigue-inducing task and decreased by resting, suggesting that mental stress causes a relatively sympathetic nerve activity-dominant state. Therefore, our new fatigue model involving a long-term CKT workload is a good mental fatigue model to provide much information about the fatigue state simultane-ously, and the increase of RT, CV, and proportion of sympathetic activity (LF/HF) are associated with mental fatigue state. These might be useful objective biomarkers or evaluating a mental fatigue state.

关键词： Fatigue Computerized Kraepelin Test Reaction Time Accuracy of the Answers Autonomic Nerve Activity

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