检索结果-南通市图书馆

Lipopolysaccharide immune stimulation but not β-mannanase supplementation affects maintenance energy requirements in young weaned pigs

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第4期9卷 901-916页

作者： Nichole F.Huntley c.Martin Nyachoti John F.Patience Department of Animal Science Iowa State University Department of Animal Science University of Manitoba

Background: Pathogen or diet-induced immune activation can partition energy and nutrients away from growth,but clear relationships between immune responses and the direction and magnitude of energy partitioning responses have yet to be elucidated. The objectives were to determine how β-mannanase supplementation and lipopolysaccharide(LPS) immune stimulation affect maintenance energy requirements(MEm) and to characterize immune parameters, digestibility, growth performance, and energy ***: In a randomized complete block design, 30 young weaned pigs were assigned to either the control treatment(cON; basal corn, soybean meal and soybean hul s diet), the enzyme treatment(ENZ; basal diet + 0.056% β-mannanase),or the immune system stimulation treatment(ISS; basal diet + 0.056% β-mannanase, chal enged with repeated increasing doses of Escherichia coli LPS). The experiment consisted of a 10-d adaptation period, 5-d digestibility and nitrogen balance measurement, 22 h of heat production(HP) measurements, and 12 h of fasting HP measurements in indirect calorimetry chambers. The immune chal enge consisted of 4 injections of either LPS(ISS) or sterile saline(cON and ENZ), one every48 h beginning on d 10. Blood was collected pre-and post-challenge for complete blood counts with differential,haptoglobin and mannan binding lectin, 12 cytokines, and glucose and insulin ***: Beta-mannanase supplementation did not affect immune status, nutrient digestibility, growth performance,energy balance, or MEm. The ISS treatment induced fever, elevated proinflammatory cytokines and decreased leukocyte concentrations(P ct nitrogen balance or nutrient digestibility(P > 0.10),but increased total HP(21%) and MEm(23%), resulting in decreased lipid deposition(-30%) and average daily gain(-18%)(P conclusions: This experiment provides novel data on β-mannanase supplementation effects on immune parameters and energy balance i

关键词： Acute phase proteins β-Mannan cytokines Digestibility Feed induced immune response Heat production Inflammation Lipopolysaccharide Nitrogen balance Swine

Immunotherapy against programmed death-1/programmed death ligand 1 in hepatocellular carcinoma: Importance of molecular variations, cellular heterogeneity, and cancer stem cells

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Stem cells 2021年第7期13卷 795-824页

作者： caecilia H c Sukowati Korri Elvanita El-Khobar claudio Tiribelli centro Studi Fegato Fondazione Italiana Fegato ONLUSTrieste 34149Italy Hepatitis Unit Eijkman Institute for Molecular BiologyJakarta 10430Indonesia

Hepatocellular carcinoma(Hcc)is a heterogeneous malignancy related to diverse etiological *** oncogenic mechanisms and genetic variations lead to multiple Hcc molecular ***,an immune-based strategy using immune checkpoint inhibitors(IcIs)was presented in Hcc therapy,especially with IcIs against the programmed death-1(PD-1)and its ligand ***,despite the success of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 in other cancers,a substantial proportion of Hcc patients fail to *** this review,we gather current information on biomarkers of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment and the contribution of Hcc heterogeneity and hepatic cancer stem cells(cScs).Genetic variations of PD-1 and PD-L1 are associated with chronic liver disease and progression to ***-L1 expression in tumoral tissues is differentially expressed in cScs,particularly in those with a close association with the tumor *** information will be beneficial for the selection of patients and the management of the IcIs against PD-1/PD-L1.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Programmed death-1 Programmed death ligand 1 cancer stem cells cancer heterogeneity Genetic variants

Inhibitory Receptors of the Immune System:Functions and Therapeutic Implications

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

cellular & Molecular Immunology 2009年第6期6卷 407-414页

作者： Jian Zhang Xiang Xiao Wentao Liu Gulcin Demirci Xian c.Li The Transplant Institute Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02215USA Beth Israel Deaconess Medical center Harvard Medical School330 Brookline AvenueCLS-605BostonMA 02215USA

The immune system has a remarkable ability to respond to seemingly endless *** essence,a productive immune response takes place along a well defined but treacherous line,that is to effectively eradicate pathogens,and at the same time avoid causing damage to self *** type of response is fine-tuned,at least in part,by a complex array of pathways that either promote or inhibit the activation of innate and adaptive immune *** effort has been focused on pathways that can support immune *** this article,we review specifically pathways that can inhibit immune responses and maintain immune homeostasis,highlighting our recent understanding on the role of inhibitory receptors that selectively engage the self MHc class I molecules and the B7 superfamily members,we also discuss the inhibitory Fc receptors and inhibitory cytokines and how such pathways,either individually or collectively,regulate innate and adaptive immune ***,we summarize new emerging approaches on how such negative pathways can be therapeutically modulated in various disease settings.

关键词： immunity tolerance regulation inflammation negative pathways

Biomass energy cost and feasibility of gasifier based biomass power generation system

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2013年第4期6卷 55-63页

作者： Khambalkar V P Kankal U S Karale D S Gangde c N Department of Farm Power and Machinery College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology and Dr.Panjabrao Deshmukh Agricultural UniversityAkola MS 444104India

The present research work has been carried out on biomass based on 10 kW capacity gasifier power generation system installed at college of Agricultural Engineering and Technology,*** Deshmukh Agricultural University(***),Akola Maharashtra,*** main objectives were to evaluate various costs and benefits involved in the power generation *** costs of energy per unit were calculated for the first year of *** economics of gasifier based power generation system and thereby the feasibility of the system was examined by estimating per unit cost,Net Present Value(NPV),Benefit cost Ratio(BcR),Internal Rate of Return(IRR)and payback *** discount cash flow method was used to find out the *** the present analysis,three costs viz.,installed capital cost,operation and maintenance cost,and levelised replacement cost were examined for the evaluation of the power generation per *** rate on investment in case of subsidy(case I)and in case without subsidy(case II)for installation cost of system was considered as 12.75%.The BcR comes in case I for operating duration of 22 h,20 h,and 16 h are 1.24,1.18,and 1.13,*** for case II BcR comes 1.44,1.38,and *** IRR comes in case I for operating duration of 22 h,20 h,and 16 h are 26%,22%,and 19%,*** for case II,IRR comes 52%,44%,and 39%for operating duration of 22 h,20 h,and 16 h,*** payback period in the present analysis was worked *** payback period for biomass based gasifier power generation system was observed to be for case I from three to four years and for case II it was one to two years.

关键词： cost of biomass energy biomass power generation system discounted cash flow benefit cost ratio net present value payback period internal rate of return

SYNTHESIS AND POLYMERIZATION OF OLIGO (OXYETHYLENE) MAcROMONOMER

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

chinese Journal of Polymer Science 1993年第3期11卷 262-266页

作者：张升水刘庆国杨蕾玲 FARRINGTON Gregory c. Laboratory of Solid State Ionics University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 Beijing Research Institute of chemical Industry Beijing 100013 Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA.

This paper reports the synthesis of methoxyoligo (oxyethylene) methacrylate (MEO_n , n is the repeating unit number of (cH_2cH_2O) in the macromonomer), and its polymerization in different solvents. MEO_n is prepared through such two independent reactions as (1) anionic polymerization of oxirane initiated by potassium alkoxide and (2) end-capping of methoxy oligo(oxyethylene) by methacrylic group. The n value can be conveniently controlled over the range of 5 ～ 30 by varying the molar ratio of oxirane to initiator and the molecular weight distribution of MEO_n be narrowed by increasing reaction time only in step (1). MEO_n thus obtained shows a rapid polymerization in water and benzene respectively, and both give water-soluble polymers as long as suitable conditions are used.

关键词： M acromonomer Oligo (oxyethylene) Amphiphilic monomer Free-radical Polymerization

Reprogrammed mouse astrocytes retain a“memory”of tissue origin and possess more tendencies for neuronal differentiation than reprogrammed mouse embryonic fibroblasts

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Protein & cell 2011年第2期2卷 128-140页

作者： changhai Tian Yongxiang Wang Lijun Sun Kangmu Ma Jialin c.Zheng Laboratory of Neuroimmunology and Regenerative Therapy University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198-5930USA Departments of Pharmacology/Experimental Neuroscience University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198-5930USA Departments of Pathology/Microbiology University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198-5930USA

Direct reprogramming of a variety of somatic cells with the transcription factors Oct4(also called Pou5f1),Sox2 with either Klf4 and Myc or Lin28 and Nanog generates the induced pluripotent stem cells(iPScs)with marker similarity to embryonic stem ***,the difference between iPScs derived from different origins is *** this study,we hypothesized that reprogrammed cells retain a“memory”of their origins and possess additional potential of related tissue *** reprogrammed primary mouse astrocytes via ectopic retroviral expression of OcT3/4,Sox2,Klf4 and Myc and found the iPScs from mouse astrocytes expressed stem cell markers and formed teratomas in ScID mice containing derivatives of all three germ layers similar to mouse embryonic stem cells besides semblable *** test our hypothesis,we compared embryonic bodies(EBs)formation and neuronal differentiation between iPScs from mouse embryonic fibroblasts(MEFsiPScs)and iPScs from mouse astrocytes(mAsiPScs).We found that mAsiPScs grew slower and possessed more potential for neuronal differentiation compared to *** results suggest that mAsiPScs retain a“memory”of the central nervous system,which confers additional potential upon neuronal differentiation.

关键词： mouse astrocytes induced pluripotent stem cells neural progenitor cells neuronal differentiation

Zebrafish as a Model for Human ciliopathies

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2016年第3期43卷 107-120页

作者： Zhu Song Xiaoli Zhang Shuo Jia Pamela c.Yelick chengtian Zhao Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity College of Marine Life Science Ocean University of China Department of Orthodontics Division of Craniofacial and Molecular Genetics Tufts University Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology

cilia, microtubule-based structures found on the surface of almost all vertebrate cells, play an array of diverse biological functions. Abnormal ciliary axonemal structure and function can result in a class of genetic disorders that are collectively termed ciliopathies. Model organisms, including chlamydomonas reinhardtii and caenorhabditis elegans have been widely used to study the complex genetic basis of ciliopathies. Here, we review the advantages of the zebrafish as a vertebrate model for human ciliopathies. We summarize the features of zebrafish cilia, and the major findings and contributions of the zebrafish model in recent studies of human ciliopathies. We also discuss the new genome editing approaches being efficiently used in zebrafish, and the exciting prospects of these approaches in modeling human ciliopathies.

关键词： cilia Zebrafish ciliopathy Disease model

Fertigation with Wastewater and Vermicompost: Soil Biochemical and Agronomic Implications

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Pedosphere 2014年第5期24卷 625-634页

作者： G.MAScIANDARO E.PERUZZI S.DONI c.MAccI consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (cNR) Istituto per lo Studio degli Ecosistemi (ISE) Via Moruzzi 1 Pisa 56124 (Italy)

To study how wastewater(WW) and different organic sources(humic substances or vermicompost) affected soil chemical and biochemical fertility and agronomic productivity in field-grown melon, an experiment arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted with the following treatments: three different mixtures of irrigation water(100% WW, 50% WW with 50% groundwater, and 100% groundwater) and, for each WW treatment, four different organic fertilization treatments of control without organic matter application(cK), vermicompost used as surface mulch(SM), vermicompost incorporated into the soil(Vc),and humic substances extracted by vermicompost(HS). chemical and biochemical results indicated an improvement in soil fertility,suggested by the increase in soil organic carbon and nutrient(nitrate and macro- and microelements) contents and in soil microbial activities(hydrolytic and oxidative enzymes), in particular in the Vc treatments. In addition, even soil potential metabolism was stimulated by WW combined with organic treatments, as highlighted by the increase in the metabolic(dehydrogenase activity/watersoluble carbon) and nitrification indices(NO-3and NH+4). Melon productivity confirmed these results, with the highest yield and melon quality in the Vc treatments irrigated with 100% WW. In conclusion, the combined use of WW and organic amendment,recovering both mineral and organic nutrients from these kinds of recycled materials, was effective in the improvement of soil quality and crop productivity.

关键词：土壤化学施肥处理蚯蚓粪农艺生化土壤有机碳污水随机区组设计

Variations in wood anatomical properties and specific gravity of half sib progenies of Populus deltoides

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Forestry Research 2012年第3期23卷 491-496页

作者： P.K.Pande R.c.Dhiman Wood Anatomy Discipline Botany Division Institution:Forest Research InstituteDehradun India248006 WIMcO Seedling Ltd BagwalaRudrapur(Udhamsingh Nagar)India

We studied radial and inter-progeny variations in the dimen- sions of the wood elements and specific gravity of 21 half sib progenies of Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh. The female parents of half sib progenies were G48 and $7c13 clones. Variance ratio （F） test indicated that inter-progeny variations in the dimensions of wood elements and specific gravity were significant for all wood traits while variations were significant for radial location for specific gravity only. Hierarchical clus- ter analysis was done by Squared Euclidean Distance for all of 21 proge- nies considering six wood traits. 21 progenies were grouped into 4 clus- ters. cluster 1 was the largest cluster with 11 progenies, whereas cluster 3 had only one progeny. Selected progenies in clusters 3 （progeny 155, male） and 4 （progeny 108, 196, both female） were highly divergent from the other progenies so they were used in combinations as parents of hybrids to develop new clones with desired characters. Progeny 155 showed higher growth, fiber dimensions, and specific gravity, thus, should be used for the development of new clones.

关键词： Fiber length specific gravity vessel element length wall thickness wood variations