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Examining the Types and Consequences of Female Genital Mutilation in Somalia: A Cross-Sectional Study on the Burden and Impact of Acute and Long-Term Complications

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第9期14卷 1322-1334页

作者： Rahma Yusuf Haji Mohamud Nur Adam Mohamed Mohamed Yaqub Hassan Khadija Yusuf ali Marian Muse Osman amal Nor ali Ifrah Adan Hilowle Iftin Mohamed Osman Mohamed Farah Yusuf Mohamud Department of Nursing Mogadishu Somali Turkiye Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital Mogadishu Somalia Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Mogadishu Somali Turkiye Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital Mogadishu Somalia Department of Pediatric Mogadishu Somali Turkiye Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital Mogadishu Somalia Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Mogadishu Somali Turkiye Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital Mogadishu Somalia Research Department National Institute of Health Mogadishu Somalia Department of Pulmonology Mogadishu Somali Turkiye Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital Mogadishu Somalia Department of Emergency Medicine Mogadishu Somali Turkiye Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital Mogadishu Somalia

Background: In Africa, female genital mutilation (FGM) is a widespread and harmful practice, with Somalia having the highest incidence at 98%. This practice has severe and long-lasting physical and mental health consequences. The aim of the study was to evaluate the different types of FGM;immediate and long-term complications associated with the practice, and identify factors related to its prevalence. Method: In a one-year cross-sectional hospital-based study, data were collected from females aged 18 - 50 with a history of FGM. Face-to-face semi-structured questionnaires were used for data collection. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 26, utilizing univariate and bivariate analyses to identify correlations between variables, which were presented in tables. Results: In a study involving 255 female participants, 65.5% were between 18 and 30 years old. The majority (82.7%) were married, while 47.1% were illiterate. FGM cases were more prevalent in rural areas (61.6%). Among the participants, 45.1% were employed. Type 3 FGM was the most common (44.3%), followed by Type 2 (32.2%) and Type 1 (23.9%). In terms of short-term complications experienced by circumcised women, the most common were bleeding, reported by 29.8% of participants, followed by infection (25.1%), and urinary retention (19.2%). Among the long-term complications observed, recurrent vaginal infections were the most prevalent, affecting 29.8% of the surveyed females. This was episiotomy during delivery (22.3%) and genital scarring (10.2%). Conclusion: The study reveals that Type 3 FGM is highly prevalent among the surveyed females, contributing to an increased risk of recurrent vaginal infections, prolonged second stage of labor, higher likelihood of episiotomy during delivery, and genital scarring. These findings emphasize the urgent need for effective preventive strategies and implementation from both international and local organizations to eliminate the harmful practice of FGM.

关键词： Female Genital Mutilation Women Obstetrics and Gynecology Somalia

Effect of Using Mouthwash Solution on Commensal Flora of the Oral Cavity among Female Students in Qassim University

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2020年第3期8卷 135-142页

作者： Shaden Mohammed Alhathloul amal Hussain Mohammed ali Department of Medical Laboratories College of Applied Medical Sciences Qassim University Qassim Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Oral health is the pathway to one’s general health and wellness. Mouthwash is a product used as an adjunct to oral hygiene practices as an antiseptic and antiplaque and antimicrobial agent. The awareness of using mouthwash solution is so limited worldwide. And maybe there’s effect of mouthwash on commensal flora. The aim of this study is to measure the effect of using Mouthwash solution on commensal flora of the oral cavity. In this study, we determined three groups, the first group is considered as a basic group where Female students are not using any mouthwash, the second group used mouthwash twice daily for two weeks, group number three used mouthwash twice weekly. We take cytological sample scraping from oral cavity. All the cytological sections of all groups stained with Papanicolaou stain and examined the slides under the microscope. The study came out with the following results: The basic group that did not use any mouthwash remained unchanged, while the second group, who used mouthwash twice daily, showed a clear epithelial tissue for any bacteria and a clear background. Group number three, who used mouthwash twice a week, showed countable bacteria in epithelial tissue with a clear background. Finally, the study concluded: Cosmetic mouthwash solution has a bad effect on commensal flora if you over used it and leads to killing all your normal flora in oral cavity as much as therapeutic mouthwash will do.

关键词： Mouthwash Commensal Oral Flora Papanicolaou Stain Awareness Effect

The Effect of Gas Smelling among Fuel Stations Employees in Qassim Region

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2021年第2期9卷 52-62页

作者： Raseel Yosef Al Fawzan amal Hussain Mohamed ali Department of Medical Laboratories College of Applied Medical Sciences Qassim University Buraydah KSA

Benzene is a carcinogenic compound used in industrial manufacturing. Benzene exposure is associated with a multiplicity of clinical conditions ranging from hematologic diseases to chronic lung disorders. Respiratory system is affected more than the other system because the benzene is highly volatile and inhaled deeply into respiratory airway reaching the alveoli where gas exchange takes place. This study aims to show the effect of benzene on respiratory system of fuel station employees and its role in causing respiratory problems. The design of the study is an experimental study to evaluate the effect of benzene inhalation on the lung tissue by detecting cytological change among Fuel stations employees in Qassim region. The sputum sample was obtained from male stations employees in Qassim region and stained with Papanicolaou stain. The fuel station employees were suffering from dyspnea, nasal irritation and sore throat. In total 15 sputum samples collected are subdivided into three groups: group number one is those not exposed to benzene;the second group is exposed for 2 - 4 years. However, group number three is exposed for more than 4 years. Long-term exposure to benzene leads to cytological change and reduces immunity that is indicated by the present of neutrophil cells (pus) and other inflammatory features.

关键词： Benzene Respiratory System Cytological Change Fuel Station Employees

Efficient and Secure IoT Based Smart Home Automation Using Multi-Model Learning and Blockchain Technology

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第6期139卷 3387-3415页

作者： Nazik Alturki Raed Alharthi Muhammad Umer Oumaima Saidani amal Alshardan Reemah M.Alhebshi Shtwai Alsubai ali Kashif Bashir Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Hafr Al-BatinHafar Al-BatinSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science&Information Technology The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpurPakistan Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-KharjSaudi Arabia Department of Computing and Mathematics Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUK Woxsen School of Business Woxsen UniversityHyderabadIndia Department of Computer Science and Mathematics Lebanese American UniversityBeirutLebanon

The concept of smart houses has grown in prominence in recent *** challenges linked to smart homes are identification theft,data safety,automated decision-making for IoT-based devices,and the security of the device *** home automation systems try to address these issues but there is still an urgent need for a dependable and secure smart home solution that includes automatic decision-making systems and methodical *** paper proposes a smart home system based on ensemble learning of random forest(RF)and convolutional neural networks(CNN)for programmed decision-making tasks,such as categorizing gadgets as“OFF”or“ON”based on their normal routine in *** have integrated emerging blockchain technology to provide secure,decentralized,and trustworthy authentication and recognition of IoT *** system consists of a 5V relay circuit,various sensors,and a Raspberry Pi server and database for managing *** have also developed an Android app that communicates with the server interface through an HTTP web interface and an Apache *** feasibility and efficacy of the proposed smart home automation system have been evaluated in both laboratory and real-time *** is essential to use inexpensive,scalable,and readily available components and technologies in smart home automation ***,we must incorporate a comprehensive security and privacy-centric design that emphasizes risk assessments,such as cyberattacks,hardware security,and other cyber *** trial results support the proposed system and demonstrate its potential for use in everyday life.

关键词： Blockchain Internet of Things(IoT) smart home automation cybersecurity

The Potential Sources of Transmitting of Hospital Acquired Infection by Routine Devices in Adult ICU in Alrass General Hospital

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2020年第4期8卷 69-80页

作者： Reem Dbas Alharbi amal Hussain Mohammed ali Ahmad Almatroudi Shaimaa Mohamed Department of Medical Laboratories College of Applied Medical Sciences Qassim University Qassim KSA Alrass General Hospital Qassim Health Cluster Saudi Ministry of Health Qassim KSA

Hospital-acquired infections (HAI) reflect as a major global safety concern for both patients and health-care professionals. These infections could be in the form of cross-infection, endogenous infection and environmental Infection. Over 80% of these infections are related to devices’ utilization needed for patients’ life support. Methods show this is an observational and cross-sectional study, to identify the microorganism and determine the potential source of transmitting of hospital acquired infection by routine devices in adult ICU. The samples were collected using Amies transport media;three swabs were taken from the surfaces of indwelling urinary catheter, mechanical ventilation device and central venous catheter used from every twelve patients. The samples were cultured and analyzed by using microbiologic technique. Finally, all samples analyzed by MicroScan WalkAway 96 pulse. Results showing the most bacteria isolated are “Klebsiella pneumonia” (18.37%), “Acinetobacter baumannii” (11.48%), “Staphylococcus epidermidis” (4.59%), “Staphylococcus haemolyticus” (4.59%), “E. coli” (4.59%), “Serratia marcescens” (2.3%), “Pseudomonas luteola” (2.3%), “Kocurio kristinae” (2.3%) and “Photorhabdus luminscens” (2.3%). This study detects a high contamination of routine devices and resistant organisms. In the end it is recommended that effective infection control practices and effective strategies to control antibiotic-resistant bacteria should be applied.

关键词： Health-Acquired Infection ICU Devices Catheters Mechanical Ventilator Device

Knowledge Attitude and Practice about Water-Pipe Smoking among Saudi Population

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2020年第3期8卷 58-72页

作者： Reema Fahad Abdulrahman Alnumair amal Hussain Mohammed ali Hussam Ahmed Mohammed Alghamdi Department of Medical Laboratories College of Applied Medical Sciences Qassim University Qassim Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Water pipe smoking has been practiced extensively for about 400 years. Water pipe smoking is common in the Saudi Arabia. Water-pipe smoking exposes smokers to high levels of tobacco and toxins. An observational and cross-sectional survey carried among 1170 participants to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practice about water-pipe smoking among Saudi population. Data was collected and obtained by the online questionnaire that has been created in Google form and then published in different social media platforms over a period from September 2019 to November 2019. The data were entered in Excel and analyzed in EpiInfo7 statistical software to get descriptive statistics. Results: About 70% were females and 30% male, 43% of them are university students with 83% in the age group of the 18 - 25 high participants. Low knowledge of Carbon monoxide poisoning effects = 78%, While 54% of the participants showed low knowledge about infectious disease transmitted by water-pipe. The Knowledge about water pipe contents and carbon monoxide poisoning was low. Further efforts will be necessary to increase the level of awareness among participants in Saudi Arabia regarding water pipe contents and carbon monoxide poisoning.

关键词： Knowledge Attitude Practice Water-Pipe Smoking Saudi

Assessment of tear film parameters post-treatment with commercial eyelid cleaning wipes:a pilot study

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第4期17卷 659-664页

作者： amal Aldarwesh ali Almustanyir Raied Fagehi Khalaf Alruways Abdulaziz Bin Turki Mansour Alghamdi Muteb Khalaf Alanazi Balsam Alabdulkader Wafa Alotaibi Mosaad Alhassan Department of Optometry College of Applied Medical SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11433Saudi Arabia

AIM:To investigate the short-term effects of commercially available eyelid-cleaning wipes on film ***:This study enrolled 48 healthy participants aged 20-35y(both males and females).Clinical assessment included the Ocular Surface Disease Index(OSDI)questionnaire,non-invasive tear break-up time(NITBUT),tear meniscus height(TMH),and lipid layer pattern(LLP).Based on these initial results,participants were categorized as either non-dry eye or dry *** in each group were randomly allocated to either Blephaclean■or Systane■*** in NITBUT,TMH,and LLP levels before and after lid wipe treatment were ***:The dry eye group exhibited significantly higher OSDI scores and lower NITBUT and TMH levels than in the non-dry eye group(P0.05).Similarly,the LLP levels were significantly improved with Systane■(P<0.001)post-treatment compared to individuals in the non-dry eye ***,the dry eye subjects showed higher posttreatment LLP levels than the untreated group(P<0.02).CONCLUSION:The short-term effects of Systane®eyelid wipes on tear film parameters suggest their effectiveness in dry eye ***,further exploration of their long-term impact is essential to justify their cost effectiveness and efficacy in treating both aqueous deficiency and evaporative dryness.

关键词： dry eye lid wipes tear break-up time tear meniscus height

Analytical and Approximate Solutions to the Fee Vibration of Strongly Nonlinear Oscillators

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Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications 2013年第10期5卷 388-392页

作者： Taher A. Nofal Gamal M. Ismail amal ali M. Mady Sayed Abdel-Khalek Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science Sohag University Sohag Egypt Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science Taif University Taif KSA

In this paper, we implement a new approach coupled with the iteration method. This procedure is obtained by combining He’s frequency-amplitude formulation and He’s energy balance method into a new iteration procedure such that excellent approximate analytical solutions, valid for small as well as large values of amplitude, can be determined for nonlinear oscillators. This study has clarified the motion equation of nonlinear oscillators by the iteration method to obtain the relationship between amplitude and angular frequency. We compare the approximate periods obtained by our procedure with the numerical solution and with other methods like energy balance method and variational iteration method. The results show that the approximations are of extreme accuracy.

关键词： Periodic Solution Nonlinear Oscillators Energy Balance Method Variational Iteration Method

分散化是如何进行的——论城市规划的地方决策权

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国外城市规划 2003年第2期18卷 25-28页

作者： amal K.ali 王洪辉美国佛罗里达州立大学城市与区域规划系中国社会科学院城市发展与环境研究中心

许多发展中国家开始出现了政策转变,使政府体制在不同形式和各个层面更加趋向于分散化发展。一个国家的分散化程度及其发展变化趋势、各国之间分散化程度的比较,对这些问题的研究是极其重要的。本研究总结了从财政、政治和管理方面对分... 详细信息

许多发展中国家开始出现了政策转变,使政府体制在不同形式和各个层面更加趋向于分散化发展。一个国家的分散化程度及其发展变化趋势、各国之间分散化程度的比较,对这些问题的研究是极其重要的。本研究总结了从财政、政治和管理方面对分散化进行评价的经验研究和研究过程,介绍了如何应用德尔菲法则来评价土地利用规划的地方决策过程。

关键词：城市规划土地利用德尔菲法则分散化