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Examining the Types and Consequences of Female Genital Mutilation in Somalia: A Cross-Sectional Study on the Burden and Impact of Acute and Long-Term Complications

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第9期14卷 1322-1334页

作者： Rahma Yusuf Haji Mohamud Nur Adam Mohamed Mohamed Yaqub Hassan Khadija Yusuf ali Marian Muse Osman amal nor ali Ifrah Adan Hilowle Iftin Mohamed Osman Mohamed Farah Yusuf Mohamud Department of Nursing Mogadishu Somali Turkiye Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital Mogadishu Somalia Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Mogadishu Somali Turkiye Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital Mogadishu Somalia Department of Pediatric Mogadishu Somali Turkiye Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital Mogadishu Somalia Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Mogadishu Somali Turkiye Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital Mogadishu Somalia Research Department National Institute of Health Mogadishu Somalia Department of Pulmonology Mogadishu Somali Turkiye Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital Mogadishu Somalia Department of Emergency Medicine Mogadishu Somali Turkiye Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital Mogadishu Somalia

Background: In Africa, female genital mutilation (FGM) is a widespread and harmful practice, with Somalia having the highest incidence at 98%. This practice has severe and long-lasting physical and mental health consequences. The aim of the study was to evaluate the different types of FGM;immediate and long-term complications associated with the practice, and identify factors related to its prevalence. Method: In a one-year cross-sectional hospital-based study, data were collected from females aged 18 - 50 with a history of FGM. Face-to-face semi-structured questionnaires were used for data collection. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 26, utilizing univariate and bivariate analyses to identify correlations between variables, which were presented in tables. Results: In a study involving 255 female participants, 65.5% were between 18 and 30 years old. The majority (82.7%) were married, while 47.1% were illiterate. FGM cases were more prevalent in rural areas (61.6%). Among the participants, 45.1% were employed. Type 3 FGM was the most common (44.3%), followed by Type 2 (32.2%) and Type 1 (23.9%). In terms of short-term complications experienced by circumcised women, the most common were bleeding, reported by 29.8% of participants, followed by infection (25.1%), and urinary retention (19.2%). Among the long-term complications observed, recurrent vaginal infections were the most prevalent, affecting 29.8% of the surveyed females. This was episiotomy during delivery (22.3%) and genital scarring (10.2%). Conclusion: The study reveals that Type 3 FGM is highly prevalent among the surveyed females, contributing to an increased risk of recurrent vaginal infections, prolonged second stage of labor, higher likelihood of episiotomy during delivery, and genital scarring. These findings emphasize the urgent need for effective preventive strategies and implementation from both international and local organizations to eliminate the harmful practice of FGM.

关键词： Female Genital Mutilation Women Obstetrics and Gynecology Somalia

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Efficient and Secure IoT Based Smart Home Automation Using Multi-Model Learning and Blockchain Technology

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第6期139卷 3387-3415页

作者： Nazik Alturki Raed Alharthi Muhammad Umer Oumaima Saidani amal Alshardan Reemah M.Alhebshi Shtwai Alsubai ali Kashif Bashir Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Hafr Al-BatinHafar Al-BatinSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science&Information Technology The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpurPakistan Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-KharjSaudi Arabia Department of Computing and Mathematics Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUK Woxsen School of Business Woxsen UniversityHyderabadIndia Department of Computer Science and Mathematics Lebanese American UniversityBeirutLebanon

The concept of smart houses has grown in prominence in recent *** challenges linked to smart homes are identification theft,data safety,automated decision-making for IoT-based devices,and the security of the device *** home automation systems try to address these issues but there is still an urgent need for a dependable and secure smart home solution that includes automatic decision-making systems and methodical *** paper proposes a smart home system based on ensemble learning of random forest(RF)and convolutional neural networks(CNN)for programmed decision-making tasks,such as categorizing gadgets as“OFF”or“ON”based on their normal routine in *** have integrated emerging blockchain technology to provide secure,decentralized,and trustworthy authentication and recognition of IoT *** system consists of a 5V relay circuit,various sensors,and a Raspberry Pi server and database for managing *** have also developed an Android app that communicates with the server interface through an HTTP web interface and an Apache *** feasibility and efficacy of the proposed smart home automation system have been evaluated in both laboratory and real-time *** is essential to use inexpensive,scalable,and readily available components and technologies in smart home automation ***,we must incorporate a comprehensive security and privacy-centric design that emphasizes risk assessments,such as cyberattacks,hardware security,and other cyber *** trial results support the proposed system and demonstrate its potential for use in everyday life.

关键词： Blockchain Internet of Things(IoT) smart home automation cybersecurity

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Identification of thermal front dynamics in the northern Malacca Strait using ROMS 3D-model

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第1期42卷 41-57页

作者： Ku nor Afiza Asnida Ku MANSOR Nur Hidayah ROSELI Poh Heng KOK Fariz Syafiq Mohamad ali Mohd Fadzil Mohd AKHIR Institute of Oceanography and Environment Universiti Malaysia TerengganuKuala Nerus 21030Malaysia Faculty of Science and Marine Environment Universiti Malaysia TerengganuKuala Nerus 21030Malaysia

The thermal front in the oceanic system is believed to have a significant effect on biological *** an era of climate change,changes in heat regulation between the atmosphere and oceanic interior can alter the characteristics of this important *** the simulation results of the 3D Regional Ocean Modelling System(ROMS),we identified the location of thermal fronts and determined their dynamic variability in the area between the southern Andaman Sea and northern Malacca *** Single Image Edge Detection(SIED)algorithm was used to detect the thermal front from model-derived *** show that a thermal front occurred every year from 2002 to 2012 with the temperature gradient at the location of the front was 0.3°C/*** to the years affected by El Ni?o and negative Indian Ocean Dipole(IOD),the normal years(e.g.,May 2003)show the presence of the thermal front at every selected depth(10,25,50,and 75 m),whereas El Ni?o and negative IOD during 2010 show the presence of the thermal front only at depth of 75 m due to greater warming,leading to the thermocline deepening and enhanced *** May 2003,the thermal front was separated by cooler SST in the southern Andaman Sea and warmer SST in the northern Malacca *** higher SST in the northern Malacca Strait was believed due to the besieged Malacca Strait,which trapped the heat and make it difficult to release while higher chlorophyll a in Malacca Strait is due to the freshwater conduit from nearby rivers(Klang,Langat,Perak,and Selangor).Furthermore,compared to the southern Andaman Sea,the chlorophyll a in the northern Malacca Strait is easier to reach the surface area due to the shallower thermocline,which allows nutrients in the area to reach the surface faster.

关键词： regional ocean modelling system thermal front Andaman Sea Malacca Strait single image edge detection algorithm

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Assessment of tear film parameters post-treatment with commercial eyelid cleaning wipes:a pilot study

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第4期17卷 659-664页

作者： amal Aldarwesh ali Almustanyir Raied Fagehi Khalaf Alruways Abdulaziz Bin Turki Mansour Alghamdi Muteb Khalaf Alanazi Balsam Alabdulkader Wafa Alotaibi Mosaad Alhassan Department of Optometry College of Applied Medical SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11433Saudi Arabia

AIM:To investigate the short-term effects of commercially available eyelid-cleaning wipes on film ***:This study enrolled 48 healthy participants aged 20-35y(both males and females).Clinical assessment included the Ocular Surface Disease Index(OSDI)questionnaire,non-invasive tear break-up time(NITBUT),tear meniscus height(TMH),and lipid layer pattern(LLP).Based on these initial results,participants were categorized as either non-dry eye or dry *** in each group were randomly allocated to either Blephaclean■or Systane■*** in NITBUT,TMH,and LLP levels before and after lid wipe treatment were ***:The dry eye group exhibited significantly higher OSDI scores and lower NITBUT and TMH levels than in the non-dry eye group(P0.05).Similarly,the LLP levels were significantly improved with Systane■(P<0.001)post-treatment compared to individuals in the non-dry eye ***,the dry eye subjects showed higher posttreatment LLP levels than the untreated group(P<0.02).CONCLUSION:The short-term effects of Systane®eyelid wipes on tear film parameters suggest their effectiveness in dry eye ***,further exploration of their long-term impact is essential to justify their cost effectiveness and efficacy in treating both aqueous deficiency and evaporative dryness.

关键词： dry eye lid wipes tear break-up time tear meniscus height

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Primary gastroduodenal tuberculosis presenting as gastric outlet obstruction:A case report and review of literature

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第8期12卷 1536-1543页

作者： Abdihamid Mohamed ali Yahye Garad Mohamed Abdirahman Ahmed Mohamud Abdulkadir nor Mohamed Mohamed Rage Ahmed Ismail Mohamud Abdullahi Tuba Saydam Department of General Surgery Mogadishu Somali Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research HospitalMogadishu 2526Somalia Department of Radiology Mogadishu Somali TurkeyTraining and Research HospitalMogadishu 2526Somalia Department of Pathology Mogadishu Somali Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research HospitalMogadishu 2526Somalia

BACKGROUND Mycobacterium tuberculosis(TB)is the causative agent of TB,a chronic granulo-matous *** disease is prevalent in low-income countries,posing a significant global health *** TB is one of the three *** disease can mimic other intra-abdominal conditions,leading to delayed diagnosis owing to the absence of specific *** gastric outlet obs-truction(GOO)remains a frequent complication,its incidence has declined with the advent of proton pump inhibitors and Helicobacter pylori eradication *** TB can cause upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage,obstruction,and malignancy-like *** SUMMARY A 23-year-old male presented with recurrent epigastric pain,distension,nausea,vomiting,and weight loss,prompting a referral to a gastroenterologist *** examination revealed distorted gastric mucosa and signs of chronic ***,treatment was interrupted,possibly owing to vomiting or comorbidities such as human immunodeficiency virus infection or *** surgical intervention revealed a dilated stomach and diffuse thickening of the duodenal *** revealed gastric wall effacement with *** Primary gastric TB is rare,frequently leading to *** its rarity,suspicions should be promptly raised when encountering relevant symptoms,often requiring surgical intervention for diagnosis and treatment.

关键词： Tuberculosis Gastrointestinal tuberculosis Gastric outlet obstruction Gastroduodenal tuberculosis Case report

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Assessment of Breast Cancer Prevention Practices among Women Attending Primary Health Care in Abha City, Aseer Region, Saudi Arabia

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2024年第2期15卷 31-54页

作者： Sabah Mohammed Asiri Sultan Yahia Alfifii Tagreed Khairan Al-Rashidi Sager Misfer Alqahtani Faiz Abdulrahman Alshafa Fayez Mari Alamri amal Mohammed Asiri Fatima Mohammed ali Almagadi Thuraya Mohammed Asiri Department of Therapeutic Assistance Management General Directorate of Health Affairs Asser Region Abha Saudi Arabia Department of Health Affairs General Directorate of Health Affairs Asser Region Abha Saudi Arabia Department of Kidney King Khaled Hospital Hail Saudi Arabia Department of Nursing Sarat Abida Hospital Aseer Saudi Arabia Department of Radiation Oncology King Faisal Medical City Abha Saudi Arabia Department of Health Affairs KSA MOH Department of Kidney Dialysis Centers General Directorate of Health Affairs Aseer Region Abha Saudi Arabia Department of Operation Ahad Rafidah Hospital General Directorate of Health Affairs in Asseer Region Abha Saudi Arabia South Qunfudah General Hospital Jizan Saudi Arabia Armed Forces Southern Region Hospital Aseer Saudi Arabia

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, with breast cancer being the most common (2.26 million new cases and 685,000 deaths). In Saudi Arabia, breast cancer ranked the first among females in 2014, accounting for 15.9% of all cancers reported among Saudi nationals and 28.7% of all cancers reported among females of all ages. Early detection of breast cancer could decrease the risks, have a better prognosis, and have better outcomes/more successful treatments. Prevalence of breast cancer reached more than 25% of all diagnosed cancer in the kingdom among women. Aim: This study aims to assess the knowledge and performance of women attending primary care centers about breast self-examination and mammogram screening for prevention and early detection of breast cancer in Abha city primary healthcare centers, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Research Method: cross sectional design was conducted by using questionnaire, which was distributed to primary care center nurses. The collected data was statistically analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 25. Results: The study found that participants had poor awareness and knowledge about breast self-examination, risk factors for breast cancer, and trends and practices in early diagnosis of breast cancer. Conclusion and Recommendations: It recommends increasing awareness campaigns and providing educational programs to improve knowledge and practices.

关键词： Assessment Breast Cancer Prevention Practices Women Attending Health Care Centers Abha City

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Chronic effects of stretching on range of motion with consideration of potential moderating variables:A systematic review with meta-analysis

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 186-194页

作者： Andreas Konrad Shahab alizadeh Abdolhamid Daneshjoo Saman Hadjizadeh Anvar Andrew Graham ali Zahiri Reza Goudini Chris Edwards Carina Scharf David George Behm Institute of Human Movement Science Sport and HealthGraz UniversityGraz A-8010Austria School of Human Kinetics and Recreation Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John’sNL A1C 5S7Canada Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises Faculty of Sport SciencesShahid Bahonar University of KermanKerman 76169-13439Iran

Background:It is well known that stretch training can induce prolonged increases in joint range of motion(ROM).However,to date more information is needed regarding which training variables might have greater influence on improvements in ***,the purpose of this metaanalysis was to investigate the effects of stretch training on ROM in healthy participants by considering potential moderating variables,such as stretching technique,intensity,duration,frequency,and muscles stretched,as well as sex-specific,age-specific,and/or trained state-specific adaptations to stretch ***:We searched through PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science,and SportDiscus to find eligible studies and,finally,assessed the results from 77 studies and 186 effect sizes by applying a random-effect ***,by applying a mixed-effect model,we performed the respective subgroup *** find potential relationships between stretch duration or age and effect sizes,we performed a ***:We found a significant overall effect,indicating that stretch training can increase ROM with a moderate effect compared to the controls(effect size=-1.002;Z=-12.074;95%confidence interval:-1.165 to-0.840;pnor frequency of stretching were

关键词： Flexibility Long-term stretching Stretch training

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Beamforming techniques for massive MIMO systems in 5G:overview,classification,and trends for future research

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2017年第6期18卷 753-772页

作者： Ehab ali Mahamod ISMAIL Rosdiadee norDIN nor Fadzilah ABDULAH Department of Electrical Electronic and System EngineeringUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia(UKM)Bangi 43600Malaysia

Massive multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) systems combined with beamforming antenna array technologies are expected to play a key role in next-generation wireless communication systems(5G), which will be deployed in 2020 and beyond. The main objective of this review paper is to discuss the state-of-the-art research on the most favourable types of beamforming techniques that can be deployed in massive MIMO systems and to clarify the importance of beamforming techniques in massive MIMO systems for eliminating and resolving the many technical hitches that massive MIMO system implementation faces. Classifications of optimal beamforming techniques that are used in wireless communication systems are reviewed in detail to determine which techniques are more suitable for deployment in massive MIMO systems to improve system throughput and reduce intra-and inter-cell interference. To overcome the limitations in the literature, we have suggested an optimal beamforming technique that can provide the highest performance in massive MIMO systems, satisfying the requirements of next-generation wireless communication systems.

关键词： Beamforming classifications Massive MIMO Hybrid beamforming Millimetre-wave beamforming

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Visual resolution under photopic and mesopic conditions in patients with Sjogren's syndrome

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国际眼科杂志:英文版 2023年第10期16卷 1662-1669页

作者： Mosaad Alhassan amal Aldarwesh Issa Alessa Rafif Alhijji Reema Alduhayan ali Almustanyir Department of Optometry College of Applied Medical SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11433Saudi Arabia Imaging Research Department King Abdullah International Medical Research CenterKing Saud bin Abdelaziz University for Health SciencesRiyadh 11481Saudi Arabia

AIM:To focus on different visual resolution tasks under photopic and mesopic conditions in Sjogren’s syndrome patients compared to age-matched healthy ***:The visual resolution measurements included high and low visual acuities and contrast sensitivity *** tests were conducted under photopic and then mesopic ***-one Sjögren’s syndrome patients and 21 aged-matched healthy volunteers completed all the measurements in this ***:Sjogren’s syndrome patients have greater impairment in contrast sensitivity than standardized visual *** reduction was significant under the mesopic ***,Sjogren’s syndrome patients treated with pilocarpine suffer more than patients without pilocarpine treatment under low light ***:Sjogren’s syndrome patients shows greater impairment in different visual resolution tasks due to dry eye symptoms.

关键词： Sjogren’s syndrome dry eye visual acuity contrast sensitivity mesopic night vision

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The Prevalence and Risk Factors of Elder Abuse during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Fayoum Governorate,Egypt

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2023年第3期9卷 257-263页

作者： Marwa ali Mwaheb Asmaa Younis Elsary amal Raouf Saleh Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Faculty of MedicineFayoum UniversityFaiyumEgypt Department of Public Health and Community Medicine Faculty of MedicineFayoum UniversityFaiyumEgypt

Background: Elder abuse has evolved into a global public health and human rights issue. COVID-19 had a significant impact on Egypt’s economic development and style of life. Aim: This research aimed to estimate the prevalence of elder abuse in the Fayoum Governorate of Egypt during the COVID-19 pandemic and assess the prevalence of different elder abuse subtypes and study the effect of different demographic characteristics on these abuse subtypes. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional, descriptive survey among 201 older adults aged 60 and above in the Fayoum Governorate. The structured questionnaire used in the study had three sections: demographic characteristics, the Hwalek- Sengstock elder abuse screening test, and the Questions to Elicit Elder Abuse screening tool. Results: This research documented that the prevalence of elder abuse was (72.6%) and the most prevalent types were emotional and neglect abuse (71.1% and 64.7%, respectively). In our study, 22.9% of older adults were exposed to a single type of abuse, 29.9% to two types, 26.9% to three types, and 10.4% to four types. Female is significantly higher than male abuse exposure (66.7% vs. 33.3%). 52.4% versus 7.1% were more likely to be abused than elderly persons who earn enough income. Conclusion: According to this study, emotional and neglect abuse were the most common types of elder abuse. Risk factors for elder abuse included being between the ages of 60 and 70 years, being a woman, residing in a rural location, being illiterate, jobless, married, earning little money, and belonging to a middle-class socioeconomic group. For the general public to better comprehend the consequences of elder abuse on their health and human rights, awareness and education must be increased.

关键词： Abuse Egypt elderly mistreatment old age

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