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Infantile Spinal Muscular Atrophy at the Albert Royer National Children’s Hospital Center in Dakar

Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期14卷 514-521页

作者： Guillaye Diagne Khadim Bop Sofiatou Dieye Arame Faye Fatou Ly amadou lamine fall Pediatrics Ward of Pikine Hospital Pikine Senegal Pé diatrics Ward of Albert Royer National Hospital Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Infantile spinal muscular atrophy (ISA) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by primary degeneration of cells in the anterior horn of the spinal cord, leading to muscle weakness and hypotonia. Its incidence is estimated at 1 in 6000 births worldwide. In Africa, particularly in Senegal, there are few studies interested on this pathology. We therefore deemed this study necessary, which set itself the objective of describing the diagnostic, therapeutic and progressive aspects of infantile spinal muscular atrophy at the Albert Royer National Children’s Hospital Center in Dakar (CHNEAR). Methodology: We conducted a retrospective descriptive study over a period of two (2) years from December 2020 to December 2022. Included were all hospitalized patients in whom the diagnosis of spinal muscular atrophy was made with or without genetic confirmation. The data were collected on a pre-established form then entered and analyzed with the following software: Excel 2013 and R version 4.1.3. Results: During our study period, 2100 children were hospitalized, the annual incidence was 0.76%. The average age of our patients was 9 ± 9 months with a range of 3 months to 32 months and the median was 6.5 months. The sex ratio was 7. The notion of family consanguinity was found in 62.5% of cases and the notion of ISA in the family in 25% of cases. Hypotonia and respiratory distress were found at the forefront in equal proportions (50% of cases). Electromyogram (EMG) was performed in 3 patients (37.5%). Symptomatic medical treatment was administered in 100% of patients, 04 patients had benefited from respiratory physiotherapy, i.e. 50% of cases, and genetic counseling was carried out in one patient (12.5%). The evolution was immediately favorable in 2 patients or 25% of cases, unfavorable in 75% of cases with a death rate of 50% and the average age of death was 5.5 months ± 1 with extremes ranging from 3 to 7 months. Conclusion: The number of Infantile spinal muscular atrop

关键词： Spinal Muscular Atrophy Child Hypotonia Dakar

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Infantile Spinal Muscular Atrophy at the Albert Royer National Children’s Hospital Center in Dakar

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Open Journal of Pediatrics（儿科学期刊） 2024年第3期 514页

作者： Guillaye Diagne Khadim Bop Sofiatou Dieye Arame Faye Fatou Ly amadou lamine fall

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Rheumatic Heart Disease in Children: Epidemiological Aspects. Diagnostic and Evolutive at the Dakar Chu

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第3期13卷 304-312页

作者： Guillaye Diagne Khadim Bop Sadio Konate Papa Souley Sow amadou lamine fall Albert Royer National Hospital Center Dakar Senegal

Rheumatic heart disease is the ultimate consequence of acute articular rheumatism. It remains a public health problem in developing countries. It is a pathology found in all countries of the world, with a clear predominance in developing countries. In Senegal, the hospital prevalence of rheumatic heart disease is 30.5%. Its seriousness lies in the risk of valvular sequel responsible for cardiac dysfunction that can lead to death. The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiological, diagnostic and evolutionary aspects of rheumatic heart disease at the Albert Royer National Hospital Center of child (CHNEAR). We had carried out a retrospective, descriptive and analytical study lasting 3 years from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2019. All children aged 4 to 17 hospitalized at CHNEAR for rheumatic heart disease were included. The hospital prevalence was 0.8%. The average age was 10.9 years with a sex ratio of 0.875 in favor of girls. 85.47% of cases came from parents who had a low economic level of life. The history of repeated angina and acute articular rhumatism (AAR) was found respectively in 22.69 and 15.13% of cases. The clinical symptomatology was dominated by heart failure with 58.3% of cases, arthralgia in 7.5% of cases. The biological inflammatory syndrome was found in 86.1%. 73% of the patients had a positive antistreptolysin O antibody (ASLO). Cardiomegaly was found in 89.7%. Heart doppler ultrasound found polyvalvular involvement in more than half of the cases. Mitral insufficiency was the predominant valve disease in 98.20% of cases. The evolution was favorable in the majority of cases but 9.32% of deaths were observed.

关键词： Rheumatic Heart Disease Child CHNEAR

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COVID-19 Infection and Homozygous SS Sickle Cell Disease in Children: About Two Cases in Ziguinchor/Senegal

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2020年第4期10卷 744-750页

作者： lamine Thiam Noel Magloire Manga Chérif Mouhamadou Aidara amadou lamine fall Ibrahima Diagne Ousmane Ndiaye Assane Seck University of Ziguinchor Ziguinchor Peace Hospital Ziguinchor Senegal Cheikh Anta Diop University in Dakar Albert Royer Children’s Hospital in Dakar Dakar Senegal Gaston Berger University of Saint Louis Saint Louis Regional Hospital Saint Louis Senegal

The World Health Organization declared that corona virus diseases-19 (COVID-19) is a public health emergency. The COVID-19 pandemic is more likely to cause disaster in developing area including West Africa due to limited medical resources. COVID-19 reportedly causes severer conditions in adults with advanced age and in patients with underlying comorbidities including sickle cell anemia. We recently experienced two pediatric patients with sickle cell disease (SS), who had COVID-19. We here highlight the difficulties of management and the severity of COVID-19 infection in children with homozygous sickle cell SS.

关键词： COVID 19 Infection Sickle Cell Disease Child

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Impact of COVID19 on Routine Immunization: A Cross-Sectional Study in Senegal

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World Journal of Vaccines 2021年第1期11卷 1-6页

作者： amadou Sow Modou Gueye Djibril Boiro Idrissa Demba Ba Abou Ba Aliou Thiongane Papa Moctar Faye amadou lamine fall Ousmane Ndiaye Chair of Pediatrics Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar Fann Senegal

Introduction: The COVID 19 pandemic has prompted the world to implement drastic prevention methods based on limiting population movements that have an impact on public health policies such as vaccination. The objective of this work was to evaluate the impact of these prevention measures on routine vaccination in hospitals since the advent of the pandemic in Senegal. Methodology: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study carried out in August 2020 in the vaccination unit of the Abass NDAO hospital centre. We compared data from the vaccination unit during the period from March to August of the last three years (2018, 2019 and 2020). The parameter studied was the number of vaccine doses administered for the different periods according to the expanded programme of immunization. Results: For the vaccines administered in the sixth week in April, the number of doses was 36 in 2018, 29 in 2019 and 15 in 2020, i.e. a 50% drop compared to March. In July the number of doses administered was 40 in 2018, 35 in 2019 and 15 in 2020, a reduction of 42% compared to 2019. Conclusion: Measures to fight this pandemic should not make us forget routine vaccination, especially in our resource-constrained countries. It is essential to continue vaccination for children and to identify children who have missed vaccine doses for catch-up.

关键词： COVID19 Vaccination Impact Children Senegal

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Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Congenital Heart Disease with Left-to-Right Shunt: According to a Retrospective Study at Albert Royer’s National Children’s Hospital Center

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第5期13卷 649-656页

作者： Aliou Mar Coundoul Khadim Bop Abdou Aziz Faye amadou lamine fall Idrissa Demba Ba Papa Mactar Faye Department of Cardiology Albert Royer’s National Children’s Hospital Dakar Senegal Pediatric Ward Abass Ndao Hospital Center Dakar Senegal

Pulmonary arterial hypertension PAH is a progressive disease characterized by an increase in pulmonary arterial pressure and resistance. It often complicates congenital heart disease with a left-to-right shunt. The objective of this study is to evaluate the evolutionary profile of the pulmonary pressures of children with congenital heart disease with left-to-right shunt and to identify the factors favoring an evolution towards PAH. This is a retrospective, descriptive and analytical study over a period of four years and six months (from January 1, 2016 to June 30, 2020) at the Center National d’Enfant Albert Royer in Dakar on a series of 87 cases. The hospital frequency was 3.98 per thousand, and the incidence of PAH was 9.44%. The sex ratio of 0.74. The average age was 44.76 months. The average time between the onset of symptoms and the diagnosis of heart disease is 78.81 days. Dyspnea was found in 70.11% of cases, the burst of pulmonary B2 was found in 55%. Global heart failure was noted in 39.08% of cases. Cardiomegaly was found in 89.66% and pulmonary hypervascularization was found in 57.72% of cases. CIV was present in 54.02% of cases, followed by PCA in 21.14% and CAVc in 18.39% of cases. furosemide was used in 97.70% of cases and Captopril in 74.71% of cases. Sildenafil was used in 10.34% of patients, and 12.64% of patients benefited from surgical management. Eisenmenger syndrome was found in 12.64% of patients. PAH in these heart diseases is a formidable and frequent complication, due to an increase in precapillary flow. The major improvement in mortality and morbidity is early surgical management, in the first months of life, to prevent pulmonary vascular disease.

关键词： PAH Left-to-Right Shunt Einsenmenger Syndrome

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Epidemiological, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Aspects of Cardiogenic Shock in Children at the Albert Royer Children’s Hospital in Dakar

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第4期11卷 669-675页

作者： Mohameth Mbodj amadou lamine fall Aliou Thiongane Ibrahima Diagne amadou Sow Serigne T. Ndiaye Khadim Bop Papa S. Sow Ousmane Ndiaye Albert Royer National Children Hospital Dakar Senegal Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Gaston Berger University Saint Louis Senegal Saint Louis Regional Hospital Saint Louis Senegal Abass Ndao Hospital Center Dakar Senegal

Introduction: The objective of this study was to evaluate the epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of cardiogenic shock in children at the Albert Royer Children’s Hospital in Dakar. Methods: This was a retrospective, descriptive and analytical study from January 2020 to February 2021, including all children aged 2 months to 16 years hospitalised for cardiogenic shock diagnosed on the basis of clinical and ultrasound criteria. Results: During the study, 38 patients were hospitalised for cardiogenic shock. The hospital prevalence was 4.2%. The mean age of onset of shock was 64 months, and there was a predominance of females with a sex ratio of 1.92. Consanguinity was found in 42% of the patients. Consanguinity was found in 42% of patients. Infection was identified as a trigger for cardiogenic shock in 18 (52.9%) of our patients. The most common type of heart disease was rheumatic heart disease in 12 (32%) of the patients. The mortality rate was 65.8%. Conclusion: Cardiogenic shock is a diagnostic and therapeutic emergency. Its prevalence and mortality are still high in developing countries.

关键词： Heart Disease Consanguinity CMDH Shortening Fraction Senegal

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Particularities of Tuberculosis in Children and Adolescents with Sickle Cell Disease in Senegal

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第1期12卷 59-66页

作者： Idrissa Demba Ba Indou Deme/Ly Yaye Joor Dieng Abou Ba Babacar Niang Aliou Abdoulaye Ndongo Papa Moctar Faye Guillaye Diagne amadou Sow Fatima Tall/fall amadou lamine fall Ousmane Ndiaye Hô pital d’enfants Albert-Royer de Fann-Dakar Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar Fann Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Tuberculosis and sickle cell disease are one of the main global health priorities particularly in Africa. We aimed to determine the epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of tuberculosis in children and adolescents with sickle cell disease. Patients and methods: Patients aged 0 - 20 years with sickle cell anemia presented with tuberculosis at the Centre Hospitalier National d’Enfants Albert Royer (CHNEAR), Dakar, Senegal were included in the study. Medical history, risk factors, clinical, bacteriological, and outcome data was collected. Data was analyzed using the SPSS software, version 16. Results: A total of 25 cases of tuberculosis were documented from January 1st, 1991 to December 31st, 2019 (hospital prevalence: 0.97%). Mean age was 12.5 years. The sex ratio was 1.5 (15 girls and 10 boys). Pulmonary tuberculosis in 14 cases was the most frequent followed by lymph nodes in 7 cases involvement and Pott’s disease in 4 cases. In 5 patients Tb was multifocal. Mean duration of treatment was 8.27 months (6 to 12 months). Outcome was good on antituberculosis treatment. None patient died. Conclusion: Children and adolescents with sickle cell disease can be infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Pulmonary tuberculosis, lymph nodes and bone involvement are the most frequent localizations. Outcome is good on antituberculosis treatment.

关键词： Tuberculosis Sickle Cell Disease Children Adolescent Senegal

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Congenital Heart Disease in Rural Senegal: A Retrospective Study of 79 Patients

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第1期13卷 43-49页

作者： Babacar Niang Aminata Mbaye Djibril Boiro Aliou Abdoulaye Ndongo Mame Diarra Thiam Aliou Thiongane Modou Guéye amadou lamine fall Ousmane Ndiaye Albert Royer Children’s Hospital Dakar Sénégal Abass Ndao Hospital Dakar Sénégal

Introduction: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a malformation of the heart present at birth and resulting from a developmental defect during embryonic life. The aim was to assess CHD in rural areas. Methodology: This is a retrospective study conducted over a period of 2 years in rural Senegal. Results: During the study period, we collected 79 patients with CHD, representing a hospital prevalence of 2.6%. The mean age at diagnosis was 17.05 months and the sex ratio was 1.19. The mean birth weight was 2826 g. The main comorbidities were anaemia (54.43%) and respiratory infections 38 cases (48.10%). Respiratory distress was the most common sign with 98.73%. Radiological cardiomegaly was noted in 86.7%. The most frequent CHD were interventricular septal defect (IVD) 21.51% and atrial septal defect (ASD) 8.86%. No patient was able to receive surgical treatment. Seven children died (8.86%) and 21 children were lost to follow-up (26.58%). On Doppler echocardiography, 16.45% of the patients had pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Conclusion: In light of this work, emphasis should be placed on the quality of antenatal consultations, the quality of management and the regular availability of echocardiography and a cardio-paediatrician in order to reduce morbidity and mortality.

关键词： Heart Disease Congenital Children Senegal

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Cardiac Echography in Pediatrics at the Regional Hospital of Diourbel: Indication and Result

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2023年第9期13卷 556-564页

作者： Aliou Mar Coundoul Abdou Aziz Faye Khadim Bop amadou lamine fall Papa Moctar Faye Ndeye Fatou Boye Ndeye Tenning Faye Ousmane Ndiaye Pediatric Service Cheikh Ahmadoul Khadim National Hospital Center of Touba Diourbel Diourbel Senegal Albert Royer National Hospital Center Dakar Senegal Henrich Lû ckbe Center Diourbel Senegal

Childhood heart disease is a real public health problem. In our contexts, care remains a major challenge. Doppler echocardiography remains the essential examination for diagnosis. The objective of our study was to describe the different clinical indications for cardiac ultrasound in children and the main pediatric heart diseases at the Diourbel Heinrich Lübke Regional Hospital. This was a descriptive and analytical retrospective study spanning from 2020 to 2022;covering a series of 140 cases. The study was carried out using patient clinical observation sheets and consultation sheets. We identified 140 ultrasounds. The average age of patients was 35.96 months with extremes of 0.03 months and 192 months. The female sex was predominant, with an M/F sex ratio of 0.72. Ultrasound was systematically requested in 67.14% of the study population. The indications found were mainly: heart murmur, polymalformative syndrome, respiratory failure, bronchiolitis, cardiomegaly, suspicion of heart disease, cardiomegaly, pre-therapeutic and pre-operative assessment. A total of 71 cardiac abnormalities were found in 65 patients, i.e. a prevalence of 46.42%. Congenital heart disease was more frequent (found in 49 patients, a prevalence of 35%) and was dominated by the CIA. There was a female predominance in almost all heart diseases except in the case of endocarditis where codominance is found. Our study has made it possible, through echocardiography, to evaluate the indications for echocardiography in children, to determine the prevalence of heart disease in children and also to assess the relevance of requests for echocardiography.

关键词： Echocardiography Pediatrics Indications Diourbel

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